ОЦІНКА СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА ЗДАТНІСТю ДО ЗАбЕЗПЕчЕННЯ АСОЦІАТИВНОЇ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ
The paper depicts the results of intervarietal variability study of winter wheat plants in controlled environment with varieties Albatross Odessa, Kiriya, Zolotokolosa, Lybid and Odeska 267 by their associative nitrogen fixation ability. The 5.6 – 13.7 – fold divergence between the varieties by give...
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871465720042225664 |
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| author | Надкернична , О.В. Міненок , С.М. Богуславський , Р.Л. Леонов , О.Ю. |
| author_facet | Надкернична , О.В. Міненок , С.М. Богуславський , Р.Л. Леонов , О.Ю. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "О.В. Надкернична ",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
},
{
"author": "С.М. Міненок ",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
},
{
"author": "Р.Л. Богуславський ",
"institution": "Національний центр генетичних ресурсів рослин України"
},
{
"author": "О.Ю. Леонов ",
"institution": "Національний центр генетичних ресурсів рослин України"
}
] |
| author_sort | Надкернична , О.В. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:44Z |
| description | The paper depicts the results of intervarietal variability study of winter wheat plants in controlled environment with varieties Albatross Odessa, Kiriya, Zolotokolosa, Lybid and Odeska 267 by their associative nitrogen fixation ability. The 5.6 – 13.7 – fold divergence between the varieties by given index was revealed. It was shown that intravarietal variability of winter wheat plants by their ability to stimulate associative nitrogen fixation occurs along with the intervarietal one. Populations intensity of a different genotypes characterized by high nitrogen fixation activity in root zone, stipulates high nitrogen fixation potential of variety. Among the studied varieties Zolotokolosa was selected as genetically homogeneous variety with high nitrogen fixation potential of rhizosphere microorganisms that can be recommended for use in breeding as a source with high capacity for associative nitrogen fixation. New winter wheat varieties with high nitrogen fixation potential can fully develop using not only mineral nitrogen fertilizers, but also interacting with associative nitrogen fixation microorganisms should partially replace mineral nitrogen with biological that, in turn, will guarantee a high yield quality and conservation of agricultural landscapes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.17.67-78 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:24:26Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
ASSESSMENT OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES BY THEIR
ASSOCIATIVE NITROGEN FIXATION ABILITY
Nadkernychna O. V.1, Minenok S. M.1, Boguslavsky R. L.2, Leonov O. Yu2.
1Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agricultural Production NAAS
97, Shevchenko Str., Chernihiv, 14027, Ukraine
2National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine
142, Moskovskyy prospekt, Kharkiv
The paper depicts the results of intervarietal variability study of winter wheat
plants in controlled environment with varieties Albatross Odessa, Kiriya,
Zolotokolosa, Lybid and Odeska 267 by their associative nitrogen fixation ability.
The 5.6 – 13.7 – fold divergence between the varieties by given index was revealed.
It was shown that intravarietal variability of winter wheat plants by their
ability to stimulate associative nitrogen fixation occurs along with the intervarietal
one. Populations intensity of a different genotypes characterized by high nitrogen
fixation activity in root zone, stipulates high nitrogen fixation potential of variety.
Among the studied varieties Zolotokolosa was selected as genetically
homogeneous variety with high nitrogen fixation potential of rhizosphere
microorganisms that can be recommended for use in breeding as a source with high
capacity for associative nitrogen fixation. New winter wheat varieties with high
nitrogen fixation potential can fully develop using not only mineral nitrogen
fertilizers, but also interacting with associative nitrogen fixation microorganisms
should partially replace mineral nitrogen with biological that, in turn, will
guarantee a high yield quality and conservation of agricultural landscapes.
Keywords: winter wheat, associative nitrogen fixation, potential nitrogenase
activity, intervarietal and intravarietal variability by nitrogen fixation potential.
Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world. It holds a leading
position among other cereals and is the most valuable and most widespread crop.
Winter wheat has the biggest sowing areas in Ukraine and is the main food crop in
the country [1].
Winter wheat is very fastidious to the availability of mineral nutrients in the
soil and its water-physical properties [2]. It requires sufficient nutrients supply with
optimal ratio of all minerals throughout the growing season [3]. Introduction of
high-yield cultivars and especially wheat varieties with high-protein contents into
the agriculture practices requires creation in the root zone of plants high
concentrations of easily accessible nitrogen.
Therefore, the use of mineral fertilizers is the necessary condition for winter
wheat cultivation and increase of its yield. However, introduction of high doses of
fertilizers, especially nitrogen, has a negative impact on the environment, since its
accumulation leads to soil degradation, eutrophication of reservoirs, etc.
Nitrogen fixation microorganisms present in soil are the alternative to the
application of mineral nitrogen [4 – 6]. They renew nitrogen fund in soil that in turn
significantly affects soil fertility and plants provision with environmentally friendly
element [7].
Activity of nitrogen fixation by microorganisms is recommended to determine
with acetylene reduction method, which is characterized by high sensitivity, speed
and simplicity [8]. M.M. Umarov [9] and V.V. Volkogon [10] have modified this
method allowing determining the potential association nitrogen fixation activity of
rhizospheric soil and washed plant roots.
The activity of associative nitrogen fixation in the root zone is affected by
many factors, among which plant genotype is of a big importance [11]. Early studies
of associative nitrogen fixation have revealed that nitrogenase activity in
rhizosphere varies depending on the type of soil, if plant and hydrothermal
conditions remain stable. In-depth study of varietal diversity of crops by their
capacity for associative nitrogen fixation had revealed that, performance of
individual varieties may differ depending on the soil conditions, so assessment of
specific plant genotypes should be performed subject to environmental conditions
[12]. Study of nitrogenase activity in the root zone of plants timothy grass, cock's-
foot grass, awnless brome grass on podzolized chornozem and ashen gray soils had
revealed that associative nitrogen fixation is highly dependent on the genotype of
the plant rather than on the soil characteristics [13].
From the literature [12 – 17] it is known that there are intervarietal and
intravarietal variability of cereals in their ability to stimulate associative fixation of
molecular nitrogen.
Our studies of potential nitrogenase activity in rhizosplan of winter wheat
plants in field experiments have shown that the range of studied index is
characterized by significant fluctuations during not only plants growing season but
also through the same phenological stage in different research years [18, 19].
The results obtained indicate that nitrogen fixation is a mobile process,
influenced by numerous environmental factors (temperature, humidity, stage of
plant development, number of root exosmosis products etc.). The high variability of
atmospheric nitrogen fixation is also caused by the dynamic processes of nitrogen
transformation in the soil (denitrification, ammonification, nitrification) and
subsequent conversion of received nitrogen compounds [18].
Significant influence of environmental factors on nitrogenase activity
prevents evaluation of cereals varieties by their nitrogen fixation potential in field
experiments. Moreover, field determination of associative nitrogen fixation is
laborious method prolonged process, which make simultaneous analysis of a large
number of plants impossible.
Productive tilling capacity, number of grains in ear, grain size and resistance
to pathogens are traditionally considered in breeding of cereal plants. However,
there is a significant variability based on the nitrogen fixation potential with no
selection performed in this direction, which determines the importance of search for
varieties with high nitrogen fixation potential in root zone.
Nowadays there are only few studies interactions between plants and plant-
breeding grounds increased ability to stimulate associative nitrogen fixation. The
presence of positive genetic correlations between individual plant-breeding signs
and increased ability for associative nitrogen fixation was established. At the same
time there are reports indicating that only about 30% of plants and cereal families
can inherit an increased ability to prompt associative nitrogen fixation [20].
The study of genetic traits of plants that contribute to the formation of highly
active plant-microbial associations in regards of nitrogen fixation may help to
develop new approaches to solving the urgent problem – improvement of plant
nutrition by means of biological nitrogen. Available publications on the plant
genome control over the associative nitrogen fixation process require analysis, extra
experimental data and estimation of the current state of plant genetics basing on the
plants’ capacity for activation of associative nitrogen fixation.
This study was aimed to estimate nitrogen fixation potential of winter wheat
varieties and look for varieties with the increased ability to stimulate associative
nitrogen fixation in controlled greenhouse experiment.
Materials and methods. Five modern promising varieties of soft winter
wheat were studied: Albatros Odeskiy, Odeska 267, Kiriya, Zolotokolosa, Lybid.
The greenhouse experiment was conducted on leached shallow light loam
chernozem on loess-like loams. Vessels (200 ml) were filled with pre-sifted and
freed from plant residues soil. 3 – 4 seeds of winter wheat of each variety were
seeded per each vessel. On the 3 – 5 day after emergence the single seedling was left
in each vessel and was grown for three weeks in luminostat conditions (light
intensity – 2000 – 2500 lux, photoperiod – 16 hours, temperature 26 ± 2 °C). Soil
moisture was maintained on 60% level of the total moisture capacity. Experiments
repetition – five-fold. In total 45 – 55 plants of each variety were examined.
Ppotential nitrogenase activity of plant roots was determined using acetylene-
ethylene method [4, 5]. For this, roots were gently removed from the soil, washed
out under the tap water, chopped and placed in a sterile vials (40 cubic cm) with
cotton-gauze plugs with 5 ml of semisolid medium Dobereyner added [5]. In three
days vials were sealed, followed by acetylene injection (10% by volume of the gas
phase in the vial) and overnight incubation at temperature 26 – 28 °C. Samples were
analyzed on a gas chromatograph "Chrom-4" with flame ionization detector.
Column length 370 cm, filled with chromosorb β-β'-oxydipropionitrile. Thermostat
temperature – 50 °C, carrier gas – nitrogen, gas flow (in ml / minute): hydrogen – 30
nitrogen – 100, air – 500.
Results and discussion. The results of the potential nitrogenase activity in
the root zone of plants of different varieties of winter wheat have shown the
significant fluctuations of this index (Table 1). Thus, studied wheat varieties have
differed in 5.6 – 13.7 times by potential activity nitrogenase sign, indicating the
existence of intervarietal variability of winter wheat plants.
Determination of the potential nitrogen fixation activity on the roots of
sufficient number of plants of each variety (45 – 55 plants) allows estimation of
intervarietal variability of winter wheat plants by their nitrogen fixation potential.
The results obtained for Albatros Odeskiy, Kiriya and Zolotokolosa are depicted in
Figure 1, for Lybid and Odeska 267 – on Figure 2.
TABLE 1. Potential nitrogen fixation activity in roots of winter wheat
(greenhouse experiment)
Varieties Potential nitrogen fixation activity (mean
values), nmol of ethylene / plant / hour
Albatros Odeskiy 3,05±0,19
Odeska 267 17,02±1,41
Kiriya 27,92±1,42
Lybid 31,31±3,40
Zolotokolosa 41,86±1,14
Thus, Albatros Odeskiy (Fig. 1) is characterized by low nitrogen fixation
potential with a fluctuations range of potential nitrogenase activity from 0 to 7 nmol
ethylene / plant / hour. This variety is equally rich in plants with low and high
values of associative nitrogen fixation normally distributed among the plants.
FIGURE. 1. Intervarietal variability of Albatros Odeskiy, Kiriya and Zolotokolosa
varieties by their ability to stimulate associative nitrogen fixation.
Nitrogen fixation activity in the root zone of plants of Kiriya variety differs
from 5 to 71 nmol of ethylene / plant / hour, with the maximum values of the sample
(almost 49%) being in the range of 22 – 29 nmol of ethylene / plant / hour. Number
of plants with low and high nitrogen fixation activity is approximately the same and
is respectively 22.2 and 28.9% (Fig. 1). Kiriya variety has sufficiently high nitrogen
fixation potential as compared with Albatros Odeskiy.
The variability range of Zolotokolosa variety was slightly narrower than the
one of Kiriya, and was 26 – 68 nmol of ethylene / plant / hour. It almost evenly rich
in plants with minimum, maximum and average values of nitrogen fixation activity
in the root zone. Thus, the average value of the sample (31%) were in the range 38 –
44 nmol of ethylene / plant / hour (Fig. 1).
Varieties Lybid and Odeska 267 (Fig. 2) were characterized by an asymmetric
distribution of potential nitrogenase activity values, predominating by plants with
lower nitrogen fixation potential. Nevertheless, the populations of these varieties
have plant genotypes with high nitrogen fixation potential. In this regard, there is the
possibility of further varieties improvement by this sign.
Among the studied varieties Zolotokolosa is drawing ones attention by its
genetic homogeneity and high nitrogen fixation potential. This variety can be
recommended for use in breeding work as the source of increased ability to
stimulate associative nitrogen fixation.
FIGURE 2. Intravarietal variability of Lybid and Odeska 267 varieties by their
associative nitrogen fixation ability.
Thus, assessment of intervarietal and intravarietal variability of winter wheat
plants by their nitrogen fixation potential have shown advantages of controlled
experimental methods. At this, the number of investigated plants of each variety
should be sufficient in order to obtain normal distribution of values of potential
nitrogenase activity in the root zone of plants (average of 50 plants). Abundance of
plant genotypes with high nitrogen fixation activity in roots among the varieties
stipulate high nitrogen fixation potential of variety.
The results obtained can be used by plant breeders for development of new
and improvement of existing varieties of winter wheat plants. Production of crops
capable of complete development not only through the use of fertilizers, but also by
interacting with associative nitrogen fixation microorganisms will partially replace
mineral nitrogen with biological one. Advantages of biological nitrogen if compared
to nitrogen fertilizers are well known – it causes no pollution and disturbance of
ecological systems. In addition, the replacement of mineral nitrogen with biological
saves costs and energy resources. According to the literature, introduction of
varieties with high nitrogen fixation potential can result in replacement of up to 60
kg / ha of mineral nitrogen with biological nitrogen [6, 7, 13, 17]. Besides, it is
necessary to pay attention to the inheritance patterns of the increased capacity for
associative nitrogen fixation, since this problem is little-investigated, and there are
only few data on this issue [20]. Breeding of varieties with high nitrogen fixation
potential will guarantee high yield quality without the excessive use of mineral
nitrogen fertilizers and preservation of agricultural landscapes in good condition.
|
| id | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-202 |
| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:06:31Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/7b/94ff0a92b2efbf8728c018d75660117b.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-2022026-07-22T10:10:44Z ASSESSMENT OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES BY THEIR ASSOCIATIVE NITROGEN FIXATION ABILITY ОЦІНКА СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА ЗДАТНІСТю ДО ЗАбЕЗПЕчЕННЯ АСОЦІАТИВНОЇ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ Надкернична , О.В. Міненок , С.М. Богуславський , Р.Л. Леонов , О.Ю. winter wheat, associative nitrogen fixation, potential nitrogenase activity, intervarietal and intravarietal variability by nitrogen fixation potential сорти пшениці озимої, асоціативна азотфіксація, потенційна нітрогеназна активність, міжсортова і внутрішньосортова мінливість за азотфіксувальним потенціалом The paper depicts the results of intervarietal variability study of winter wheat plants in controlled environment with varieties Albatross Odessa, Kiriya, Zolotokolosa, Lybid and Odeska 267 by their associative nitrogen fixation ability. The 5.6 – 13.7 – fold divergence between the varieties by given index was revealed. It was shown that intravarietal variability of winter wheat plants by their ability to stimulate associative nitrogen fixation occurs along with the intervarietal one. Populations intensity of a different genotypes characterized by high nitrogen fixation activity in root zone, stipulates high nitrogen fixation potential of variety. Among the studied varieties Zolotokolosa was selected as genetically homogeneous variety with high nitrogen fixation potential of rhizosphere microorganisms that can be recommended for use in breeding as a source with high capacity for associative nitrogen fixation. New winter wheat varieties with high nitrogen fixation potential can fully develop using not only mineral nitrogen fertilizers, but also interacting with associative nitrogen fixation microorganisms should partially replace mineral nitrogen with biological that, in turn, will guarantee a high yield quality and conservation of agricultural landscapes. У контрольованих умовах вегетаційного досліду досліджено міжсортовумінливістьпшениціозимоїсортівАльбатросодеський, Кірія, Золотоколоса, Либідь та Одеська 267 за здатністю до забезпечення асоціативної азотфіксації. Виявлено 5,6–13,7-кратні розбіжності між сортами за цією ознакою. Показано, що поряд з міжсортовою має місце внутрішньосортова мінливість пшениці озимої за здатністю до стимулювання асоціативної азотфіксації. Серед досліджуваних сортів відібрано сорт Золотоколоса, який є генетично однорідним, з високим азотфіксувальним потенціалом мікроорганізмів кореневої зони і може бути рекомендований для використання в селекційній роботі як джерело підвищеної здатності до асоціативної азотфіксації. Одержання сортів пшениці озимої з високим азотфіксувальним потенціалом, які здатні повноцінно розвиватися не лише за рахунок використання мінеральних азотних добрив, а й завдяки взаємодії з асоціативними азотфіксувальними мікроорганізмами, дозволить частково замінити мінеральний азот на біологічний, що буде запорукою отримання продукції високої якості та збереження агроландшафтів у благополучному стані. Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2013-10-01 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/202 10.35868/1997-3004.17.67-78 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 17 (2013): Agriciltural microbiology; 67-78 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 17 (2013): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 67-78 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.17 en uk https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/202/283 https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/202/284 Авторське право (c) 2013 O. V. Nadkernychna , S. M. Minenok , R. L. Boguslavsky , O. Yu Leonov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | сорти пшениці озимої асоціативна азотфіксація потенційна нітрогеназна активність міжсортова і внутрішньосортова мінливість за азотфіксувальним потенціалом Надкернична , О.В. Міненок , С.М. Богуславський , Р.Л. Леонов , О.Ю. ОЦІНКА СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА ЗДАТНІСТю ДО ЗАбЕЗПЕчЕННЯ АСОЦІАТИВНОЇ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ |
| title | ОЦІНКА СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА ЗДАТНІСТю ДО ЗАбЕЗПЕчЕННЯ АСОЦІАТИВНОЇ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ |
| title_alt | ASSESSMENT OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES BY THEIR ASSOCIATIVE NITROGEN FIXATION ABILITY |
| title_full | ОЦІНКА СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА ЗДАТНІСТю ДО ЗАбЕЗПЕчЕННЯ АСОЦІАТИВНОЇ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ |
| title_fullStr | ОЦІНКА СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА ЗДАТНІСТю ДО ЗАбЕЗПЕчЕННЯ АСОЦІАТИВНОЇ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ |
| title_full_unstemmed | ОЦІНКА СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА ЗДАТНІСТю ДО ЗАбЕЗПЕчЕННЯ АСОЦІАТИВНОЇ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ |
| title_short | ОЦІНКА СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА ЗДАТНІСТю ДО ЗАбЕЗПЕчЕННЯ АСОЦІАТИВНОЇ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ |
| title_sort | оцінка сортів пшениці озимої за здатністю до забезпечення асоціативної азотфіксації |
| topic | сорти пшениці озимої асоціативна азотфіксація потенційна нітрогеназна активність міжсортова і внутрішньосортова мінливість за азотфіксувальним потенціалом |
| topic_facet | winter wheat associative nitrogen fixation potential nitrogenase activity intervarietal and intravarietal variability by nitrogen fixation potential сорти пшениці озимої асоціативна азотфіксація потенційна нітрогеназна активність міжсортова і внутрішньосортова мінливість за азотфіксувальним потенціалом |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/202 |
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