ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ СОНЯШНИКУ ДІАЗОТРОФАМИ ЗА ДІЇ РІЗНИХ ГЕРБІЦИДІВ І СПОСОБІВ ОБРОБІТКУ ҐРУНТУ
Objective. To determine the effect of herbicides of various chemical groups and methods of the main soil cultivation on the functional activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum 2.1 and Azospirillum brasilense 137 and their effectiveness in sunflower cultivation in the Polissia reg...
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| Datum: | 2025 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Ukrainisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine
2025
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| Online Zugang: | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/548 |
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| Назва журналу: | Agriciltural microbiology |
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Agriciltural microbiology| Zusammenfassung: | Objective. To determine the effect of herbicides of various chemical groups and methods of the main soil cultivation on the functional activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum 2.1 and Azospirillum brasilense 137 and their effectiveness in sunflower cultivation in the Polissia region of Ukraine. Methods. Field studies were conducted in Chernihiv region on sod-podzolic light loamy soil. The research scheme included two methods of main soil cultivation (plowing and deep loosening), as well as two options for herbicide application (pre-sowing: Sora-net 1.8 l/ha (propyzochlor) + Perun 1.6 l/ha (prometryn); post-sowing: Kaptora 1.0 l/ha (imazamox + imazapyr)). Seeds of the SI Experto sunflower hybrid were treated with diazotrophs A. chroococcum 2.1 and A. brasilense 137. The nitrogen-fixing activity of diazotrophs was determined using the acetylene method. Results. It has been determined that deep soil loosening provides a better field germination compared to plowing. A differentiated effect of herbicides on nitrogen fixation has been observed: the use of post-sowing preparations provides a higher nitrogenase activity in the flowering phase than the use of pre-sowing soil preparations. At the same time, it has been found that despite higher nitrogen fixation activity, post-sowing herbicide treatments resulted in lower sunflower productivity. The lack of correlation between high nitrogen fixation activity and yield may indicate the phytotoxic effect of post-sowing herbicides on the plant, which negates the benefits of nitrogen fixation. The highest average crop yield for three years has been obtained in the variant with bacterization, deep loosening, and pre-sowing herbicides — 3.09 t/ha, which is 18.8 % higher than the control indicator. Conclusions. Sunflower productivity is limited by the phytotoxic effect of post-sowing herbicides on the host plant. The optimal technological model is defined as a combination of deep soil loosening, the use of pre-sowing soil herbicides, and pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with diazotrophs A. chroococcum 2.1 and A. brasilense 137. This complex approach minimizes chemical stress during critical phases of plant development, which contributes to the biological potential of the crop realization. |
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