ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo
Objective. To research the peculiarities of the soybean – Bradyrhizobium japonicum symbiotic system formation and functioning, as well as its productivity under inoculation with an active strain and using germanium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates during vegetation. Methods. Microbiological, physiolo...
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2026
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871466354180096000 |
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| author | Обезюк, І. М. Михалків, Л. М. Коць, С. Я. Омельчук, С. В. Береговенко, С. К. |
| author_facet | Обезюк, І. М. Михалків, Л. М. Коць, С. Я. Омельчук, С. В. Береговенко, С. К. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "І. М. Обезюк",
"institution": "Інститут фізіології рослин і генетики НАН України"
},
{
"author": "Л. М. Михалків",
"institution": "Інститут фізіології рослин і генетики НАН України"
},
{
"author": "С. Я. Коць",
"institution": "Інститут фізіології рослин і генетики НАН України"
},
{
"author": "С. В. Омельчук",
"institution": "Інститут фізіології рослин і генетики НАН України"
},
{
"author": "С. К. Береговенко",
"institution": "Інститут фізіології рослин і генетики НАН України"
}
] |
| author_sort | Обезюк, І. М. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:52Z |
| description | Objective. To research the peculiarities of the soybean – Bradyrhizobium japonicum symbiotic system formation and functioning, as well as its productivity under inoculation with an active strain and using germanium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates during vegetation. Methods. Microbiological, physiological, statistical. Nodule bacteria (B. japonicum) РС08 strain and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Samorodok variety were involved in the research. In the phase of three genuine leaves, plants were treated with nanocarboxylates of germanium and molybdenum. The following indicators were analyzed: the number and mass of nodules on the plants roots, nitrogenfixing activity of the symbiosis (the acetylene-restoring method, using an “Agilent Technologies 6850”, USA), above-ground mass of plants in the phases of flowering and beans formation, as well as grain productivity of soybean. Results. Pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds with rhizobia B. japonicum РС08 ensured the formation of an active symbiotic apparatus, which led to the intensification of plant growth and development, herewith the increase of above-ground mass was 82– 109 %, and the increase of individual soybean grain productivity was 22 % compared to the control without inoculation. The combination of pre-sowing seed inoculation with an active strain and the application of germanium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates solutions to plants during the growing season promoted the formation and development of nodules on the roots, enhanced their nitrogen-fixing activity, and increased plant biomass during the flowering period. At the same time, the use of Mo prolonged the period of active nitrogen fixation, which could be a determining factor in the grain productivity of plants formation and ensured a significant increase in the number of beans and the weight of grain per plant by 91 and 83 %, respectively, compared to spontaneously inoculated plants (control 1), or 58 and 51 %, respectively, compared to soybean inoculated before sowing (control 2). Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the potential of pre-sowing inoculation of seeds combination with an active РС08 strain and plants treatment during vegetation with Mo nanocarboxylate to form an active symbiotic apparatus with an extended period of functioning, which ensures an increase of soybean grain productivity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.43.33-41 |
| first_indexed | 2026-05-29T01:00:25Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
33
Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія. 2026. Вип. 43. С. 33–41.
ISSN 1997-3004
https://doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.43.33-41
UDC 579.6:581.1
THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN – BRADYRHIZOBIUM
JAPONICUM SYMBIOTIC SYSTEM USING РС08 STRAIN
AND WITH Ge AND Mo NANOCARBOXYLATES
PLANT TREATMENT
I. M. Obeziuk, https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3663-6246,
L. M. Mykhalkiv, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7488-4804,
S. Ya. Kots, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-793X,
S. V. Omelchuk, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1265-1862,
S. K. Berehovenko, https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7961-5694
Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine
31/17 Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine; e-mail: vanya.obezyuk@ukr.net
Objective. To research the peculiarities of the soybean – Bradyrhizobium japonicum symbiotic
system formation and functioning, as well as its productivity under inoculation with an active strain
and using germanium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates during vegetation. Methods. Microbio-
logical, physiological, statistical. Nodule bacteria (B. japonicum) РС08 strain and soybean (Gly-
cine max (L.) Merr.) Samorodok variety were involved in the research. In the phase of three ge-
nuine leaves, plants were treated with nanocarboxylates of germanium and molybdenum. The fol-
lowing indicators were analyzed: the number and mass of nodules on the plants roots, nitrogen-
fixing activity of the symbiosis (the acetylene-restoring method, using an “Agilent Technologies
6850”, USA), above-ground mass of plants in the phases of flowering and beans formation, as well
as grain productivity of soybean. Results. Pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds with rhizobia
B. japonicum РС08 ensured the formation of an active symbiotic apparatus, which led to the inten-
sification of plant growth and development, herewith the increase of above-ground mass was 82–
109 %, and the increase of individual soybean grain productivity was 22 % compared to the control
without inoculation. The combination of pre-sowing seed inoculation with an active strain and the
application of germanium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates solutions to plants during the gro-
wing season promoted the formation and development of nodules on the roots, enhanced their ni-
trogen-fixing activity, and increased plant biomass during the flowering period. At the same time,
the use of Mo prolonged the period of active nitrogen fixation, which could be a determining factor
in the grain productivity of plants formation and ensured a significant increase in the number of
beans and the weight of grain per plant by 91 and 83 %, respectively, compared to spontaneously
inoculated plants (control 1), or 58 and 51 %, respectively, compared to soybean inoculated before
sowing (control 2). Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the potential of pre-sowing inocula-
tion of seeds combination with an active РС08 strain and plants treatment during vegetation with
Mo nanocarboxylate to form an active symbiotic apparatus with an extended period of functioning,
which ensures an increase of soybean grain productivity.
Key words: Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Glycine max (L.) Merr., nanocarboxylates of Ge and
Mo, symbiosis, nodulation, nitrogen fixation, plant weight, grain productivity.
© I. M. Obeziuk, L. M. Mykhalkiv, S. Ya. Kots, S. V. Omelchuk, S. K. Berehovenko, 2026
34
Introduction. Soybeans are a strategic crop
in Ukraine and one of the most valuable legu-
mes in global agriculture, playing a key role in
the production of plant protein, oil, and animal
feed. The protein content in soybeans averages
36–42 %, which indicates the importance of
adequate nitrogen nutrition for this crop. As
a member of the legume family, soybeans are
capable of fixing nitrogen from the air in sym-
biosis with rhizobia — about 250–300 kg per
hectare, covering up to 60–80 % of their total
nitrogen requirement. At the same time, a sig-
nificant portion of the assimilated nitrogen re-
mains in crop residues, making soybeans a va-
luable component of the agrosystem. The use of
high-quality inoculants based on effective no-
dule-forming bacteria and the optimization of
the symbiotic nitrogen fixation process are key
factors in improving the quality and quantitative
indicators of this crop yield. In this context,
microelements play a crucial role in establishing
symbiotic relationships between the host plant
and the microsymbiont; therefore, the applica-
tion of micronutrients is an important means of
increasing soybean yields. Particularly interes-
ting in this aspect is the issue of foliar applica-
tion of microelements to soybeans as a means of
rapid influence and regulation of metabolic pro-
cesses.
Microelements are important components
of metabolic processes in plant organisms; they
participate in photosynthetic processes, redox
reactions, nitrogen and carbohydrate metabo-
lism, and are part of the active centers of en-
zymes and vitamins [1–3]. Therefore, ensuring
an adequate supply of these elements is an ef-
fective way to increase plants productivity. In
particular, it has been proven that Mo plays an
important role in plant nitrogen metabolism as
a cofactor of nitrogenase and nitrate reductase,
and is also associated with the processes of pho-
tosynthesis, vitamin and carbohydrate synthesis,
sulfur and phosphorus metabolism, the deve-
lopment of stress resistance, etc. [4; 5]. Ge
forms organic complexes in plants that show
high biological activity, particularly antioxidant
properties [6–8].
It has been noted that chelated micronutri-
ents are 5–10 times more effective than inorgan-
ic salts due to their faster and more complete
absorption in plant biochemical processes,
which also reduces the amount required [9–11].
In this context, compounds produced using na-
notechnological approaches are of particular in-
terest. Thus, it has been shown that pre-sowing
treatment of soybean seeds with an inoculant
suspension prepared using carboxylates of ger-
manium and molybdenum nanometals is a pro-
spective means of growth processes stimulating
and symbiotic activity in soybean-rhizobial sys-
tems due to their unique physicochemical pro-
perties [12]. Thus, the use of nanocarboxylates
microelements enhances the efficiency of sym-
biotic systems, allowing to improve qualitative
and quantitative crop yield indicators with mi-
nimal use of chemical fertilizers.
The research objective. To research the
characteristics of the soybean – Bradyrhizobium
japonicum symbiotic system formation and
functioning, as well as soybean grain yield
using inoculation with an active strain and ger-
manium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates ap-
plication during the growing season.
Materials and research methods. The
researches were conducted on the basis of the
Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine using
soybean plants (Glycine max L. Merr) of the
Samorodok variety (bred by the Podillia Insti-
tute of Forage and Agriculture of the National
Academy of Agrarian Sciences) and nodule bac-
teria Bradyrhizobium japonicum of the active
strain PC08 (Collection of strains of symbiotic
and associative nitrogen-fixing microorganisms
of the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics
of the National Academy of Sciences of Uk-
raine), which was isolated by analytical selec-
tion from the nodules of the soybean variety
Kyivska 27. The strain is highly competitive
and has high technological suitability. Micronu-
trient preparations were provided by Avatar
Scientific and Production Company LLC (Kyiv,
Ukraine).
Slow-growing nodule-forming bacteria we-
re grown at a temperature of +28 °C for 7 days
on MDA mineral agar medium. To prepare the
inoculation suspension, the bacterial biomass
was washed off the surface of the culture medi-
um with sterile water and thoroughly suspended.
Prior to sowing in the experimental treatments,
soybean seeds were inoculated with a suspen-
sion of nodule-forming bacteria B. japonicum
PC08 at a titer of 109 CFU/mL. Small-plot ex-
periments were conducted according to the fol-
lowing scheme: 1 — control (without inocula-
tion); 2 — inoculation with B. japonicum PC08;
ISSN 1997-3004 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія. 2026. Вип. 43.
35
3 — inoculation with B. japonicum PC08 + Ge
treatment; 4 — inoculation with B. japonicum
PC08 + Mo treatment. Plot placement was ran-
domized, with three replicates. In the three genu-
ine leaves stage, plants of the respective treat-
ments were sprayed with aqueous solutions of
Ge and Mo nanocarboxylates (in a 1:1000 ra-
tio). Plant samples for analysis were collected
during the flowering and pod formation stages.
We assessed the nodulation activity of rhizobia
(based on the number and mass of nodules on
plant roots), as well as the nitrogen-fixing acti-
vity of the symbiotic system, the above-ground
plant mass, and grain yield components (number
of pods and grain mass per plant, mass of 1000
grains).
Nitrogen-fixing activity was determined
using the acetylene method [13] as modified in
[14] on an Agilent Technologies 6850 gas chro-
matograph (USA) equipped with a flame ioni-
zation detector. Measurements were repeated
five times. Results were expressed in mic-
romoles of ethylene produced per hour per plant
(μmol C2H4/(plant·h)).
Statistical analysis of the experimental data
was performed using Microsoft Excel 2016; the
tables and figure present the average arithmetic
values and their standard errors.
The research results and discussion. As
a result of rhizobial nodulation activity research
(Table 1) the presence of bacteria in the soil of
the experimental plot that formed nodules on the
roots of soybeans whose seeds had not been
inoculated prior to sowing (control 1) was
evealed. At the same time, the number of no-
dules on the roots was approximately the same
during the flowering and pod formation phases
and amounted to 24–25 nodules, weighing 0.4
and 0.3 g/plant, respectively. It is known that
under natural conditions, the number of effec-
tive symbiotic microorganisms in soybeans is
insignificant and their activity is low; therefore,
pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with rhizobia is
a prerequisite for achieving high yields of this
crop [15; 16]. Seed inoculation with B. japoni-
cum PC08 (control 2) contributed to the for-
mation of a significantly greater number and
mass of nodules. During the flowering stage,
these indicators were 44 units and 0.7 g/plant,
which exceeded the indicators of the control
plants without inoculation by 79 % and 72 %,
respectively. During the pod formation period,
the number of nodules on the roots of inoculated
soybeans (control 2) decreased by nearly two-
fold compared to the previous phase, apparently
due to the process of their aging and dying off,
while the decrease in their mass was insignifi-
cant. Treatment of soybean plants with nano-
metal carboxylates did not significantly affect
the number of nodules during the flowering and
pod formation phases compared to plants in the
pre-sowing seed inoculation variant (control 2),
but contributed to an increase in their mass by
25–31 % during the flowering period. At the
same time, during the pod formation phase,
there were insignificant (within the margin of
error of the experiment) changes in nodule mass
when using nanometal carboxylates: a decrease
of 18 % in the germanium treatment and an in-
crease of 16 % in the molybdenum treatment.
An assessment of the nitrogen-fixing activi-
ty of the soybean-rhizobium symbiosis showed
(Figure) that the use of metal nanocarboxylates,
compared to the pre-sowing seed inoculation
treatment (control 2), slightly suppressed
(13 %, within the margin of error) the functional
activity of nodules during the flowering phase.
However, during the pod formation period in
Table 1. Number (per plant) and weight (g of fresh weight per plant) of nodules on soybean
roots using inoculation with B. japonicum PC08 and the application of Ge and Mo nanocar-
boxylates
Experiment variations
Plant growth stage
flowering pod formation
number
of nodules
mass
of nodules
number
of nodules
mass
of nodules
Without inoculation (control 1) 24,25 ± 1,60 0,39 ± 0,06 24,75 ± 3,11 0,31 ± 0,04
B. japonicum (control 2) 43,50 ± 3,96 0,67 ± 0,09 26,25 ± 3,09 0,55 ± 0,05
B. japonicum, treatment Ge 43,75 ± 3,26 0,88 ± 0,06 27,25 ± 4,47 0,45 ± 0,08
B. japonicum, treatment Mo 37,50 ± 4,25 0,84 ± 0,11 24,50 ± 3,30 0,64 ± 0,05
ISSN 1997-3004 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія. 2026. Вип. 43.
36
Figure. Nitrogen-fixing activity (NFA) of the soybean – B. japonicum symbiotic system using
nanocarboxylates Ge and Mo.
1 — without inoculation (control 1); 2 — B. japonicum (control 2); 3 — B. japonicum, treat-
ment Ge; 4 — B. japonicum, treatment Мо.
symbiotic plant systems, against the background
of Mo nanocarboxylate application, an increase
in acetylene-reducing activity of 31 % and 25 %
was observed compared to soybean plants ino-
culated with rhizobia (control 2) and treated with
Ge nanocarboxylate. Thus, an increase in the
period of active nitrogen fixation was observed
in soybean symbiotic systems under the influ-
ence of spraying with a molybdenum solution.
Pre-sowing seed inoculation (control 2) and
plants spraying during the growing season with
solutions of metal nanocarboxylates contributed
to soybean growth during the flowering stage
and resulted in a significant 2.0–2.5 times in-
crease in above-ground biomass compared to
plants in control 1 (Table 2). At the same time,
the application of Ge and Mo compounds re-
sulted in an increase in this indicator by 43 %
and 34 %, respectively, compared to inoculated
soybean plants (control 2). Meanwhile, while in
the control variants during the pod formation
phase, a 30–50 % increase in plant mass relative
to the previous phase was recorded, treatment
with nanocarboxylates did not result in signifi-
cant plant growth during this period, which off-
set the difference in above-ground plant mass
observed in the previous phase in all variants
where inoculation was applied.
The analysis of the soybean grain yield
showed (Table 3) that pre-sowing inoculation
of grains with active rhizobia (control 2) led to
a 21 % and 22 % increase in the number of pods
and grain weight per plant, respectively, while
having no significant effect on the 1000-grain
weight compared to the spontaneously inocula-
ted soybeans in control 1. Spraying with a Ge
solution increased the number of pods per plant
by 11 % compared to inoculated soybeans, but
slightly reduced (by 5 %, within the research
margin of error) the 1000-grain weight. The ap-
plication of Mo nanocarboxylate, in turn, con-
tributed to a significant increase in the number
Table 2. Above-ground biomass (g of fresh weight per plant) of soybeans inoculated with
B. japonicum PC08 using Ge and Mo nanocarboxylates
Experiment variations
Plant growth stage
flowering pod formation
Without inoculation (control 1) 6,84 ± 0,74 8,92 ± 0,60
B. japonicum (control 2) 12,42 ± 0,67 18,63 ± 1,50
B. japonicum, treatment Ge 17,82 ± 1,18 17,83 ± 1,72
B. japonicum, treatment Mo 16,62 ± 0,74 17,50 ± 1,21
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4
N
FA
,
μm
ol
C
₂H
₄/
(p
la
nt
·h
ou
r)
Variants
Flowering
Pod formation
ISSN 1997-3004 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія. 2026. Вип. 43.
37
Table 3. Effect of pre-sowing inoculation of B. japonicum PC08 seeds and the application of
Ge and Mo nanocarboxylates on soybean grain yield
Experiment variations Number of pods
(per plant)
Total grain weight,
g/plant
Mass of
1000 grains, g
Without inoculation (control 1) 17,96 ± 1,51 5,94 ± 0,20 175,50 ± 2,41
B. japonicum (control 2) 21,76 ± 1,80 7,22 ± 0,69 180,00 ± 1,58
B. japonicum, treatment Ge 24,20 ± 1,12 7,49 ± 0,58 171,94 ± 2,32
B. japonicum, treatment Mo 34,30 ± 2,89 10,87 ± 1,01 185,66 ± 2,78
of pods and grain weight per plant compared to
plants in all tested variants, and also slightly in-
creased the weight of 1000 grains.
As is well known, Mo is a critically im-
portant microelement for legume-rhizobial sys-
tems, as it is a component of nitrogenase in bac-
teroids and thus ensures the active functioning
of the symbiotic apparatus [17–19]. Therefore,
it can be assumed that the prolongation of the
active nitrogen fixation period in our researches,
following the spraying of soybean plants during
the growing season with a Mo-containing prepa-
ration, occurred due to the optimization of the
structural and functional parameters of nitro-
genase as a result of the additional supply of this
element. It should also be noted that during the
flowering phase, there was an increase in plant
root mass following the application of Mo
nanocarboxylate compared to unsprayed plants
(controls 1 and 2), which may also explain the
positive effect of this microelement on the stu-
died indicators due to improved root nutrition of
the plants. It should be noted that the stimulato-
ry effect of molybdenum on the development of
the plant root system has been demonstrated in
a number of studies [20–22]. At the same time,
a similar increase in root mass was observed
during this period and using germanium; how-
ever, the effect on nitrogen-fixing activity and
grain yield was not as significant as in the vari-
ant using Mo. It has been shown that Ge can
also demonstrate stimulating properties regar-
ding growth processes in plants [7]. In our pre-
vious studies, the use of Ge nanocarboxylate
increased soybean seed germination, and its use
in an inoculation suspension enhanced the
productivity of soybean symbiotic systems, par-
ticularly under saline conditions [23]. However,
despite the observed increase in nodule and
plant biomass during flowering after the spra-
ying of soybeans with germanium nanocarbo-
xylate, we did not observe the expected signifi-
cant increase in grain yield. Thus, based on the
data obtained, it can be assumed that the deter-
mining factor in the increase in soybean grain
yield with the use of Mo nanocarboxylate in
our research could have been improved nitrogen
nutrition due to an extended period of active
nitrogen fixation. However, other possible
mechanisms by which this microelement affects
plant metabolism should not be neglected, ta-
king into account its functions in symbiotic sys-
tems. At the same time, a similar increase in
root mass was observed during this period and
using germanium; however, the effect on nitro-
gen-fixing activity and grain yield was not as
significant as in the variant using Mo. It has
been shown that Ge can also demonstrate stimu-
lating properties regarding growth processes in
plants [7]. In our previous studies, the use of Ge
nanocarboxylate increased soybean seed germi-
nation, and its use in an inoculation suspension
enhanced the productivity of soybean symbiotic
systems, particularly under saline conditions [23].
However, despite the observed increase in no-
dule and plant biomass during flowering after
the spraying of soybeans with germanium na-
nocarboxylate, we did not observe the expected
significant increase in grain yield. Thus, based
on the data obtained, it can be assumed that the
determining factor in the increase in soybean
grain yield with the use of Mo nanocarboxylate
in our research could have been improved nitro-
gen nutrition due to an extended period of active
nitrogen fixation. At the same time, other pos-
sible mechanisms by which this microelement
affects plant metabolism should not be neglec-
ted, taking into account its functions in sym-
biotic systems.
Conclusions. The results of the researches
show that the use of the B. japonicum PC08 for
pre-sowing inoculation contributes to the for-
mation of an active symbiotic system, which en-
sures a significant increase in soybean above-
ISSN 1997-3004 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія. 2026. Вип. 43.
38
ground biomass by 82–109 % and an increase in
its individual grain yield by 22 % compared
to control plants without inoculation. The com-
bination of pre-sowing seed inoculation with an
active strain and the treatment of plants during
the growing season with solutions of germa-
nium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates pro-
motes the formation and functioning of the
symbiotic system and increases plant biomass
during the flowering period. At the same time,
the use of Mo prolongs the period of active
nitrogen fixation, which is likely a determining
factor in the formation of plant grain yield and
ensures a significant increase in the number of
pods and grain weight per plant by 91 % and
83 %, respectively, compared to spontaneously
inoculated plants (control 1), and by 58 % and
51 %, respectively, compared to soybean plants
inoculated with B. japonicum PC08 prior to
sowing (control 2). In our opinion, further re-
searches should focus on an in-depth study of
the mechanisms by which Ge and Mo nanocar-
boxylates influence physiological and bioche-
mical processes in soybean plants, as well as on
optimizing the dosage of these preparations.
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Received: 10.03.2026
Accepted: 21.04.2026
Published online: 29.05.2026
ISSN 1997-3004 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія. 2026. Вип. 43.
40
https://doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.43.33-41
УДК 579.6:581.1
ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ
СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ
РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo
І. М. Обезюк, https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3663-6246,
Л. М. Михалків, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7488-4804,
С. Я. Коць, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-793X,
С. В. Омельчук, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1265-186,
С. К. Береговенко, https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7961-5694
Інститут фізіології рослин і генетики НАН України, м. Київ
e-mail: vanya.obezyuk@ukr.net
Мета. Дослідити особливості формування та функціонування симбіотичної системи
соя – Bradyrhizobium japonicum, а також її продуктивність за інокуляції активним штамом
і використання нанокарбоксилатів германію та молібдену по вегетації. Методи. Мікробіо-
логічні, фізіологічні, статистичні. У дослідження залучено бульбочкові бактерії (B. japoni-
cum) штаму РС08 і соя (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) сорту Самородок. У фазі трьох справжніх
листків проведено обробку рослин нанокарбоксилатами германію та молібдену. Проаналі-
зовано такі показники: кількість і маса бульбочок на коренях рослин, азотфіксувальна ак-
тивність симбіозу (ацетиленвідновний метод, із використанням газового хроматографа
«Agilent Technologies 6850», США), надземна маса рослин у фази цвітіння й утворення бобів,
а також зернова продуктивність сої. Результати. Передпосівна інокуляції насіння сої
B. japonicum РС08 забезпечила формування активного симбіотичного апарату, що привело
до інтенсифікації росту й розвитку рослин, водночас приріст надземної маси становив
82–109 %, а збільшення індивідуальної зернової продуктивності сої — 22 % у порівнянні з
контролем без інокуляції. Поєднання передпосівної інокуляції насіння активним штамом і
обробки рослин по вегетації розчинами нанокарбоксилатів германію та молібдену сприяло
утворенню й розвитку бульбочок на коренях, підвищувало їхню азотфіксувальну активність
і збільшувало масу рослин у період цвітіння. До того ж використання Mo подовжувало пері-
од активної азотфіксації, що могло бути визначальним чинником у формуванні зернової про-
дуктивності рослин, і забезпечило суттєвий приріст показників кількості бобів і маси зерна
з рослини на 91 % і 83 % відповідно проти спонтанно інокульованих рослин (контроль 1), чи
58 % і 51 % відповідно проти рослин сої, інокульованої перед посівом (контроль 2). Виснов-
ки. Отримані результати свідчать про перспективність поєднання передпосівної інокуляції
насіння активним штамом РС08 з обробкою рослин по вегетації нанокарбоксилатом Мо для
формування активного симбіотичного апарату з подовженим періодом функціонування, що
забезпечує підвищення зернової продуктивності сої.
Ключові слова: Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Glycine max (L.) Merr, нанокарбоксилати Ge
і Mo, симбіоз, нодуляція, азотфіксація, маса рослин, зернова продуктивність.
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Отримано: 10.03.2026
Прийнято до друку: 21.04.2026
Опубліковано онлайн: 29.05.2026
ISSN 1997-3004 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія. 2026. Вип. 43.
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| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:16:35Z |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/40/9fe84348a528fea078fa9a702290be40.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-5572026-07-22T10:10:52Z THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM SYMBIOTIC SYSTEM USING РС08 STRAIN AND WITH Ge AND Mo NANOCARBOXYLATES PLANT TREATMENT ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo Обезюк, І. М. Михалків, Л. М. Коць, С. Я. Омельчук, С. В. Береговенко, С. К. Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Glycine max (L.) Merr., nanocarboxylates of Ge and Mo, symbiosis, nodulation, nitrogen fixation, plant weight, grain productivity Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Glycine max (L.) Merr, нанокарбоксилати Ge і Mo, симбіоз, нодуляція, азотфіксація, маса рослин, зернова продуктивність Objective. To research the peculiarities of the soybean – Bradyrhizobium japonicum symbiotic system formation and functioning, as well as its productivity under inoculation with an active strain and using germanium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates during vegetation. Methods. Microbiological, physiological, statistical. Nodule bacteria (B. japonicum) РС08 strain and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Samorodok variety were involved in the research. In the phase of three genuine leaves, plants were treated with nanocarboxylates of germanium and molybdenum. The following indicators were analyzed: the number and mass of nodules on the plants roots, nitrogenfixing activity of the symbiosis (the acetylene-restoring method, using an “Agilent Technologies 6850”, USA), above-ground mass of plants in the phases of flowering and beans formation, as well as grain productivity of soybean. Results. Pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds with rhizobia B. japonicum РС08 ensured the formation of an active symbiotic apparatus, which led to the intensification of plant growth and development, herewith the increase of above-ground mass was 82– 109 %, and the increase of individual soybean grain productivity was 22 % compared to the control without inoculation. The combination of pre-sowing seed inoculation with an active strain and the application of germanium and molybdenum nanocarboxylates solutions to plants during the growing season promoted the formation and development of nodules on the roots, enhanced their nitrogen-fixing activity, and increased plant biomass during the flowering period. At the same time, the use of Mo prolonged the period of active nitrogen fixation, which could be a determining factor in the grain productivity of plants formation and ensured a significant increase in the number of beans and the weight of grain per plant by 91 and 83 %, respectively, compared to spontaneously inoculated plants (control 1), or 58 and 51 %, respectively, compared to soybean inoculated before sowing (control 2). Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the potential of pre-sowing inoculation of seeds combination with an active РС08 strain and plants treatment during vegetation with Mo nanocarboxylate to form an active symbiotic apparatus with an extended period of functioning, which ensures an increase of soybean grain productivity. Мета. Дослідити особливості формування та функціонування симбіотичної системи соя – Bradyrhizobium japonicum, а також її продуктивність за інокуляції активним штамом і використання нанокарбоксилатів германію та молібдену по вегетації. Методи. Мікробіологічні, фізіологічні, статистичні. У дослідження залучено бульбочкові бактерії (B. japonicum) штаму РС08 і соя (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) сорту Самородок. У фазі трьох справжніх листків проведено обробку рослин нанокарбоксилатами германію та молібдену. Проаналізовано такі показники: кількість і маса бульбочок на коренях рослин, азотфіксувальна активність симбіозу (ацетиленвідновний метод, із використанням газового хроматографа «Agilent Technologies 6850», США), надземна маса рослин у фази цвітіння й утворення бобів, а також зернова продуктивність сої. Результати. Передпосівна інокуляції насіння сої B. japonicum РС08 забезпечила формування активного симбіотичного апарату, що привело до інтенсифікації росту й розвитку рослин, водночас приріст надземної маси становив 82–109 %, а збільшення індивідуальної зернової продуктивності сої — 22 % у порівнянні з контролем без інокуляції. Поєднання передпосівної інокуляції насіння активним штамом і обробки рослин по вегетації розчинами нанокарбоксилатів германію та молібдену сприяло утворенню й розвитку бульбочок на коренях, підвищувало їхню азотфіксувальну активність і збільшувало масу рослин у період цвітіння. До того ж використання Mo подовжувало період активної азотфіксації, що могло бути визначальним чинником у формуванні зернової продуктивності рослин, і забезпечило суттєвий приріст показників кількості бобів і маси зерна з рослини на 91 % і 83 % відповідно проти спонтанно інокульованих рослин (контроль 1), чи 58 % і 51 % відповідно проти рослин сої, інокульованої перед посівом (контроль 2). Висновки. Отримані результати свідчать про перспективність поєднання передпосівної інокуляції насіння активним штамом РС08 з обробкою рослин по вегетації нанокарбоксилатом Мо для формування активного симбіотичного апарату з подовженим періодом функціонування, що забезпечує підвищення зернової продуктивності сої. Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2026-05-29 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/557 10.35868/1997-3004.43.33-41 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 43 (2026): Agriciltural microbiology; 33-41 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 43 (2026): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 33-41 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.43 en https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/557/621 Авторське право (c) 2026 I. M. Obeziuk, L. M. Mykhalkiv, S. Ya. Kots, S. V. Omelchuk, S. K. Berehovenko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Bradyrhizobium japonicum Glycine max (L.) Merr нанокарбоксилати Ge і Mo симбіоз нодуляція азотфіксація маса рослин зернова продуктивність Обезюк, І. М. Михалків, Л. М. Коць, С. Я. Омельчук, С. В. Береговенко, С. К. ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo |
| title | ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo |
| title_alt | THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM SYMBIOTIC SYSTEM USING РС08 STRAIN AND WITH Ge AND Mo NANOCARBOXYLATES PLANT TREATMENT |
| title_full | ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo |
| title_fullStr | ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo |
| title_full_unstemmed | ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo |
| title_short | ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИМБІОТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СОЯ – BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТАМУ РС08 І ОБРОБКИ РОСЛИН НАНОКАРБОКСИЛАТАМИ Ge ТА Mo |
| title_sort | продуктивність симбіотичної системи соя – bradyrhizobium japonicum за використання штаму рс08 і обробки рослин нанокарбоксилатами ge та mo |
| topic | Bradyrhizobium japonicum Glycine max (L.) Merr нанокарбоксилати Ge і Mo симбіоз нодуляція азотфіксація маса рослин зернова продуктивність |
| topic_facet | Bradyrhizobium japonicum Glycine max (L.) Merr. nanocarboxylates of Ge and Mo symbiosis nodulation nitrogen fixation plant weight grain productivity Bradyrhizobium japonicum Glycine max (L.) Merr нанокарбоксилати Ge і Mo симбіоз нодуляція азотфіксація маса рослин зернова продуктивність |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/557 |
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