ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР
The influence of carbohydrates, polyatomic alcohols, sodium chloride and compounds of proteinnature on the safety of diazotrophs on seeds of agricultural crops has been studied. The most promisingsubstances and their complexes to maintain the viability of nitrogen-fixing bacteria were determined. It...
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| Мова: | Англійська Українська |
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Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine
2017
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871465543728365568 |
|---|---|
| author | Козар, С. Ф. Євтушенко, Т. А. Нестеренко, В. М. |
| author_facet | Козар, С. Ф. Євтушенко, Т. А. Нестеренко, В. М. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "С. Ф. Козар",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
},
{
"author": "Т. А. Євтушенко",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
},
{
"author": "В. М. Нестеренко",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
}
] |
| author_sort | Козар, С. Ф. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:41Z |
| description | The influence of carbohydrates, polyatomic alcohols, sodium chloride and compounds of proteinnature on the safety of diazotrophs on seeds of agricultural crops has been studied. The most promisingsubstances and their complexes to maintain the viability of nitrogen-fixing bacteria were determined. Ithas been established that the most effective are complexes of chemical compounds, because under theirinfluence, the number of microbial cells on seeds was higher in comparison with other variants. Theobtained study results can be used to develop new ways to increase the viability of useful soilmicroorganisms for their introduction into agrocenosis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.25.10-17 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:23:52Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
UDC 579:631.461:57.083.13
INFLUENCE OF SUBSTANCES OF DIFFERENT CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ON
VIABILITY OF DIAZOTROPHS ON SEEDS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS
S. F. Kozar, T. A. Yevtushenko, V. N. Nesterenko
Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agroindustrial Manufacture of the National Academy
of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Chernihiv, Ukraine; e-mail: ismav@online.ua
The influence of carbohydrates, polyatomic alcohols, sodium chloride and compounds of protein
nature on the safety of diazotrophs on seeds of agricultural crops has been studied. The most promising
substances and their complexes to maintain the viability of nitrogen-fixing bacteria were determined. It
has been established that the most effective are complexes of chemical compounds, because under their
influence, the number of microbial cells on seeds was higher in comparison with other variants. The
obtained study results can be used to develop new ways to increase the viability of useful soil
microorganisms for their introduction into agrocenosis.
Key words: diazotrophs, complex of chemical substances, safety, vitality, dormant state.
The associative and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, developing in the root zone of plants, can
improve their nitrogen nutrition, as well as stimulate the growth and development of crops [1, 2].
However, as a result of the action of various factors, mainly abiotic, diazotrophs may lose their viability,
which should be taken into account when using inoculants intended to increase the productivity of
cultivated plants. Particularly critical this is during the period of time from the bacteritisation of the seeds
before the development of the root system of the plant.
At the same time, promising solutions to the problem may be the study of the peculiarities of the
transition of microorganisms to rest state, characterized by a decrease in the activity of metabolic
processes, but increased viability. Well-known forms of rest (for example, bacilli spores, Azotobacter
cysts), in which bacteria can be stored for a long time. Non-spore forming bacteria are able to transit to
rest state without forming specific structural forms: they include certain types of microorganisms that are
capable of active fixing of atmospheric nitrogen, in particular Azospirillum brasilense [3] and
Bradyrhizobium japonicum [4].
One of the ways to extend the storage time of bacterial inoculants may be the addition of chemical
additives to the medium. However, the influence of chemicals (polymers, polyhydric alcohols,
carbohydrates, substances of protein nature, etc.) on microorganisms depends on the duration of their
action. The variety of nature and the chemical structure of compounds, which can positively affect the
viability of bacteria, also determines the various mechanisms of their action.
In connection with the above, the study of the impact of substances of different nature on
microorganisms is relevant.
Materials and methods. The study was carried out with Bradyrhizobium japonicum M-8 [5],
Azospirillum brasilense 410 [6] in the treatment of Lehenda variety soybean seeds. At the same time,
bacteria were cultivated both separately and in a mixed culture. The consortium of Azotobacter vinelandii
and Azotobacter chroococcum M-70/2 [7] was used to treat seeds of marrow squash of Hrybovskyi
variety, Rhizobium radiobacter 204 [8], for treatment of winter wheat of Poliska 90 variety, Rhizobium
leguminosarum 31 for treatment of Tsarevych variety peas.
Microorganisms were obtained from the collection of useful soil microorganisms at the Institute of
Agricultural Microbiology and Agroindustrial Manufacture of the NAAS. We express our sincere
gratitude to the authors for kindly provided strains.
Applied substances of different chemical nature: carbohydrates (sodium alginates, starch, agar-
agar, glucose, and also molasses, which in addition to carbohydrates contains a complex of chemical
compounds); polyatomic alcohol (mannitol); substances of protein nature (gelatine); sodium chloride and
chemical substances complexes (CSC 1 on the basis of polymers and protein compounds, CSC 2 on the
basis of polyhydric alcohols and carbohydrates, CSC 3 on the basis of polyhydric alcohols, carbohydrates,
and protein substance).
Studied microorganisms were grown under periodic cultivation on a microbiological rocker
(220 rpm/min at 28 °C).
B. japonicum was cultivated in a liquid digestive medium of the following composition (g/dm
3
): a
decoction of pea seeds – 100, glucose – 10, sucrose – 5, (NH4)2SO4 – 1.0, KH2PO4 – 0.5, K2HPO4 3H2O
– 0.5, MgSO4·7H2O – 0.2, CaCO3 – 0.3.
For A. brasilense culture, the digestive medium of the following composition (g/dm
3
) was used:
corn extract – 30.0, molasses – 30.0, (NH4)2SO4 – 0.10, KH2PO4 – 0.25, K2HPO4·3H2O – 0.25,
MgSO4· 7H2O – 0.20, CaCO3 – 0.30.
For mixed cultivation of A. brasilense and B. japonicum, the digestive medium of the following
composition (g/dm
3
) was used: fodder yeasts (dry) – 3.0, molasses – 5.0, (NH4)2SO4 – 1.0, KH2PO4 –
0.15, K2HPO4·3H2O – 0.25, MgSO4·7H2O – 0.10, CaCO3 – 0.50.
R. radiobacter was cultivated in the digestive medium of the following composition (g/dm
3
): pea
decoction – 100.0; sugar – 40.0; (NH4)2SO4 – 1.0; KH2PO4·2H2O – 0.5; K2HPO4 – 0.5; MgSO4·7H2O –
0.3; CaCO3 – 1.0; tap water up to 1.0 dm
3
; pH 6.8-7.0.
Bacteria of the genus Azotobacter were cultured in a liquid nutrient medium of the following
composition (g/dm
3
): sucrose – 20.0; K2HPO4·3H2O – 0.2; KH2PO4 – 0.2; MgSO4·7H2O – 0.2; NaCl –
0.2; K2SO4 – 0.1; CaCO3 – 5.0 (pH 7.2-7.3).
Seeds of agricultural crops were bacterized simultaneously with the use of chemicals. The initial
bacterial count was 2*10
5
cells per seed. Bacterized seeds were stored without the access of light at 22 ±
2 ºC.
The number of bacteria on the seeds was determined at days 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, and 90 by generally
accepted microbiological methods [9, 10].
The obtained digital material was processed by the method of variation statistics using Excel and
Statistica software, the probability of the difference was determined by Student t-test.
Results and discussion. Transition of diazotrophs to rest state and preserving under the effects of
chemical compounds can be achieved by the use of chemicals that create stress conditions for
microorganisms, but do not lead to the death of a bacterial cell (for example, polyhydric alcohols), as well
as due to the protective effect of chemicals through the ability to form protective coating on the cell
surface (for example, polymers and protein substances).
In the course of the study, it was found that the bacteria remained on seeds compared with the
control variant under the action of different chemicals. Fig. 1 provides the results of study the viability
maintaining of soybean rhizobia under the action of studied compounds.
Fig. 1. Influence of chemical substances on safety of B. japonicum M-8 on soybean seeds.
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Glucose, starch, sodium alginate, and sodium chloride were found to be more effective in
comparison with other substances. However, the indicators of the number of viable cells of bacteria in
variants with them over time decreased, and at the end of the shelf life were at the control level.
On the basis of the obtained data, complexes of chemical substances were selected. Thus, the first
complex included substances that are characterized by the protective action of bacterial cells. The second
complex included substances that possess bacteriostatic action. The third complex has been developed on
the basis of the components of the first two complexes.
As a result of the carried out studies, it was established that during storage of seeds for a long time
the number of bacteria significantly decreased, but in variants with treatment using chemical substances
complexes, rhizobia retained their viability on the seeds after treatment for the longest time. Attention
should be paid to CSC 1, under the effect of which the number of soybean rhizobia was 3.5 times higher
than that of CSC 2, and compared with CSC 3 – 2.5 times, but did not exceed 10
2
cells per seed.
In experiments with A. brasilense 410, it was found that all studied substances contributed to the
prolongation of the maintenance term of bacteria (Fig. 2).
Fig. 2. Influence of chemical substances on safety of A. brasilense 410 on soybean seeds.
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However, during the whole period of storage, the highest number of microorganisms was under
the use of chemical substances complexes. For example, under the effects of CSC 1, the number of
azospirilla exceeded control by 13 times, in the version with CSC 2 – 7 times, with CSC 3 – 9 times.
From the data provided, it is seen that the number of viable cells was higher (both rhizobia and
azospirilla) when using polymers, which can be explained by their protective effect.
In studying the maintenance of B. japonicum M-8 seeds, previously cultivated along with
azospirilla, the highest positive effect on the viability of starch bacteria was found (Fig. 3), at the same
time, under the effect of molasses the number of rhizobia was significantly lower compared with the other
compounds throughout the storage period . After three months of storage, CSC 1 and CSC 2 were the
most effective among the complexes.
Fig. 3. Influence of chemical substances on safety of B. japonicum М-8 (in a mixed culture with
A. brasilense 410) on soybean seeds.
It was established that all studied substances contributed to the extension of the maintenance
period of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter on marrow squash seeds (Fig. 4). It should be noted that
throughout the storage period, the number of Azotobacter was higher under the action of protective
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substances. With the use of chemical substances complexes, bacterial cells were stored on the seeds
longer and their number exceeded control by 3.6 times following treatment with CSC 1, twice with CSC 2
and 2.5 times with CSC 3. At the same time, in the variant with CSC 1 the number of viable cells was
35 % higher than with CSC 3.
Fig. 4. Influence of chemical substances on safety of A. vinelandii and A. chroococcum М-70/2 (the total
number of bacteria) on zucchini seeds.
During storage of R. leguminosarum 31 on pea seeds for three months, as well as in experiments
with rhizobia and Azotobacter, rhizobia remained better compared to the control variant under the action
of complex, which includes polymers, which can also be explained by their protective effect.
When using carbohydrates, pea rhizobia were better stored than in control, but the number of
viable cells was smaller compared to variants in which the complex CSC 1 was used (Fig. 5): under its
action, the number of bacteria after three months of storage exceeded control 6 times.
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Fig. 5. Influence of chemical substances on safety of R. leguminosarum 31 on pea seeds.
Upon the storage of R. radiobacter 204 within three months, gelatine was effective (Fig. 6). Under
the action of glucose, the number of bacteria on seeds in 7 days was the highest compared with other
individual chemical compounds, but after 90 days the number of microorganisms was at level of control.
All chemical substances complexes were effective during the first month, but at the end of storage, CSC 1
was the most effective, since the number of diazotrophs studied exceeded the control variant by 7 times
under its action.
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Fig. 6. Influence of chemical substances on safety of bacteria R. radiobacter 204 on winter wheat seeds.
Therefore, it should be noted that after seed bacterization by nitrogen fixing microorganisms
under storage within three months, there is a significant decrease in the number of viable cells of bacteria.
The addition of substances of different chemical nature does not completely stop this process, but it
reduces its intensity. To preserve diazotrophs in the rest state on the seeds, it is expedient to use chemical
substances complexes, since their effectiveness is much higher than the use of certain substances. The
obtained study results can be used in further development of methods for improving the viability of useful
soil microorganisms for their introduction into agrocenosis.
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5.Пат. 39545 Україна, МПК
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№ 12.
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ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЕЩЕСТВ РАЗНОГО
ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА НА
ЖИЗНЕСПОСОБНОСТЬ ДИАЗОТРОФОВ
НА СЕМЕНАХ
СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР
Козар С.Ф., Евтушенко Т. А.,
Нестеренко В. Н.
Институт сельскохозяйственной
микробиологии и агропромышленного
производства НААН, г. Чернигов
Изучено влияние углеводов,
многоатомных спиртов, натрия хлорида и
соединений белковой природы на сохранность
диазотрофов на семенах сельскохозяйственных
культур. Определены наиболее перспективные
вещества и их комплексы для поддержания
жизнеспособности азотфиксирующих
бактерий. Установлено, что наиболее
эффективными являются комплексы
химических соединений, поскольку при их
влиянии численность микробных клеток на
семенах была выше по сравнению с другими
вариантами. Полученные результаты
исследований могут быть использованы при
разработки новых способов повышения
жизнеспособности полезных почвенных
микроорганизмов для их интродукции в
агроценозы.
Ключевые слова: диазотрофы, комплекс
химических веществ, сохранность,
жизнеспособность, состояние покоя.
ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО
ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА
ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА
НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ
КУЛЬТУР
Козар С.Ф., Євтушенко Т. А.,
Нестеренко В. М.
Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та
агропромислового виробництва НААН,
м. Чернігів
Вивчено вплив вуглеводів, багатоатомних
спиртів, сполук білкової природи і натрію
хлориду на збереженість діазотрофів на
насінні сільськогосподарських культур.
Визначено найбільш перспективні речовини та
їх комплекси для підтримання
життєздатності азотфіксувальних бактерій.
Встановлено, що найбільш ефективними є
комплекси хімічних сполук, оскільки за їхньої дії
чисельність мікробних клітин на насінні була
вищою у порівнянні з іншими варіантами.
Отримані результати досліджень можуть
бути використані для розробки нових способів
підвищення життєздатності корисних
ґрунтових мікроорганізмів за їх інтродукції в
агроценози.
Ключові слова: діазотрофи, комплекс
хімічних речовин, збереженість,
життєздатність, стан спокою.
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| id | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-85 |
| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:03:43Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/28/e82a847ccfdc1231c651dc2ddeeb3428.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-852026-07-22T10:10:41Z INFLUENCE OF SUBSTANCES OF DIFFERENT CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ON VIABILITY OF DIAZOTROPHS ON SEEDS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР Козар, С. Ф. Євтушенко, Т. А. Нестеренко, В. М. diazotrophs, complex of chemical substances, safety, vitality, dormant state. діазотрофи, комплекс хімічних речовин, збереженість, життєздатність, стан спокою. The influence of carbohydrates, polyatomic alcohols, sodium chloride and compounds of proteinnature on the safety of diazotrophs on seeds of agricultural crops has been studied. The most promisingsubstances and their complexes to maintain the viability of nitrogen-fixing bacteria were determined. Ithas been established that the most effective are complexes of chemical compounds, because under theirinfluence, the number of microbial cells on seeds was higher in comparison with other variants. Theobtained study results can be used to develop new ways to increase the viability of useful soilmicroorganisms for their introduction into agrocenosis. Вивчено вплив вуглеводів, багатоатомних спиртів, сполук білкової природи і натріюхлориду на збереженість діазотрофів на насінні сільськогосподарських культур. Визначенонайбільш перспективні речовини та їх комплекси для підтримання життєздатності азотфіксувальних бактерій. Встановлено, що найбільш ефективними є комплекси хімічних сполук, оскільки за їхньої дії чисельність мікробних клітин на насінні була вищою у порівнянні зіншими варіантами. Отримані результати досліджень можуть бути використані для розробки нових способів підвищення життєздатності корисних ґрунтових мікроорганізмів за їхінтродукції в агроценози. Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2017-06-29 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/85 10.35868/1997-3004.25.10-17 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 25 (2017): Agriciltural microbiology; 10-17 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 25 (2017): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 10-17 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.25 en uk https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/85/72 https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/85/73 Авторське право (c) 2017 S. F. Kozar, T. A. Yevtushenko, V. N. Nesterenko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | діазотрофи комплекс хімічних речовин збереженість життєздатність стан спокою. Козар, С. Ф. Євтушенко, Т. А. Нестеренко, В. М. ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР |
| title | ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР |
| title_alt | INFLUENCE OF SUBSTANCES OF DIFFERENT CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ON VIABILITY OF DIAZOTROPHS ON SEEDS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS |
| title_full | ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР |
| title_fullStr | ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР |
| title_full_unstemmed | ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР |
| title_short | ВПЛИВ РЕЧОВИН РІЗНОГО ХІМІЧНОГО СКЛАДУ НА ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ДІАЗОТРОФІВ НА НАСІННІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР |
| title_sort | вплив речовин різного хімічного складу на життєздатність діазотрофів на насінні сільськогосподарських культур |
| topic | діазотрофи комплекс хімічних речовин збереженість життєздатність стан спокою. |
| topic_facet | diazotrophs complex of chemical substances safety vitality dormant state. діазотрофи комплекс хімічних речовин збереженість життєздатність стан спокою. |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/85 |
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