FEATURES OF THE LARGE-SCALE IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES GENERATED UNDER THE ACTION OF MONOPULSE OR PERIODIC RADIO-FREQUENCY EMISSIONS FROM A HEATING FACILITY

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Chernogor, L. F., Zhdanko, Ye. H., Luo, Y.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: Видавничий дім «Академперіодика» 2023
• Онлайн доступ: http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1393
• Назва журналу: Radio physics and radio astronomy

Subject and Purpose. Considerable attention has traditionally been given to the interaction of high-power radio-frequency emissions with the ionosphere. The great many physical eff ects taking place within the limits of a powerful (heating) facility’s antenna pattern are subjected here to a thorough and detailed analysis. Also, the application of high-power radio emissions provides a convenient means for studying subsystem coupling in the Earth—atmosphere—ionosphere—magnetosphere system, as well as of generation and propagation of disturbances well beyond the antenna pattern of the transmitter. The present paper has been aimed at analyzing the features revealed by the large-scale ionospheric disturbances as these are generated under the impact of either monopulse or periodic radio-frequency emissions from an HF heating facility.Methods and Methodology. In the course of the experiments, the ionosphere was affected with high power radio frequency emission from the heating facility Sura. The disturbances were diagnosed at a distance of 960 km from the heater, with the aid of a vertical incidence Doppler radar.Results. It has been found that through the period of minimal solar activity the ionospheric disturbances observable at a range about 103 km from the heater did arise as the eff ective radiated power of the latter approached to 25 MW. The duration of the ionospheric response to the impact of an incident monopulse was equal to the length of that latter, while the quasi-periodic variations shown by the Doppler frequency shift just started to appear. The apparent horizontal speed of the propagating disturbances was found to vary from about 300 m/s to 420 m/s. Note that speed to increase at higher altitudes. The periodic mode of heater operation was accompanied by generation of quasi-periodic disturbances in the electron density, of relative amplitudes about 1% and periods close to the Brunt–Väisälä period.Conclusions. The basic features of Doppler spectrum variations, contained in the signals from a diagnostic radar, have been identified in connection with high-power HF radiation incident on the ionosphereKeywords: ionosphere, heater system, Doppler radar, electron density perturbationManuscript submitted 04.10.2021Radio phys. radio astron. 2022, 27(3):188-202REFERENCES1. Gurevich, A.V., Shvartsburg, A.B., 1973. Nonlinear Theory of Radiowave Propagation in the Ionosphere. Moscow: Nauka Publ. (in Russian).2. Gurevich, A.V., 1978. Nonlinear Phenomena in the Ionosphere. New York, Heildelberg, Berlin: Springer-Verlag. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87649-33. Gershman, B.N., Erukhimov, L.M., Yashin, Yu.Ya., 1984. Wave Phenomena in the Ionosphere and in the Cosmic Plasma. Moscow: Nauka Publ. (in Russian).4. Molchanov, O.A., 1985. Low-Frequency Waves and Radiation Induction in the Near-Earth Plasma. Moscow: Nauka Publ. (in Russian).5. Mityakov, N.A., Grach, S.M., Mityakov, S.N., 1989. Ionospheric disturbance by powerful radio waves. Itogi Nauki Tekh., Ser.: Geomagn. Vys. Sloi Atmos.,9, pp. 1-140 (in Russian).6. Garmash, K.P., Chernogor, L.F., 1998. Effects in the near-Earth plasma stimulated by the influence of powerful radio emission. Zarubezhnaya radioelektronika. Uspekhi sovremennoi radioelektroniki,6, pp. 17-40 (in Russian).7. Gurevich, A.V., 1999. Modern problems of ionospheric modification. Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,42(7), pp. 525-532. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF026775588. Gurevich, A.V., Zybin, K.P., Carlson, H.S., 2005. Magnetic zenith effect.Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,48(9), pp. 686-699. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-005-0113-79. Gurevich, A.V., 2007. Nonlinear effects in the ionosphere. Phys.Usp., 50(11), pp. 1091-1121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1070/PU2007v050n11ABEH00621210. Belikovich, V.V., Grach, S.M., Karashtin, A.N., Kotik, D.S., Tokarev, Yu.V., 2007. The "Sura" facility: Study of the atmosphere and space (a review). Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,50(7), pp. 497-526. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-007-0046-411. Burmaka, V.P., Domnin, I.F., Uryadov, V.P., Chernogor, L.F., 2009. Variations in the parameters of scattered signals and the ionosphere connected with plasma modification by high-power radio waves. Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,52(11), pp. 774-795. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-010-9191-212. Chernogor, L.F., Frolov, V.L., Komrakov, G. P., Pushin, V.F., 2011. Variations in the ionospheric wave perturbation spectrum during periodic heating of the plasma by high-power high-frequency radio waves. Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,54(2), id. 75, pp. 81-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-011-9272-x13. Chernogor, L.F., Frolov, V.L., 2012. Traveling ionospheric disturbances generated due to periodic plasma heating by high-power high-frequency radiation. Radiophys. Quantum Electron., 55(1-2), pp. 13-32. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-012-9346-414. Mishin, E., Sutton, E., Milikh, G., Galkin, I., Roth, C. and Förster, M., 2012. F2-region atmospheric gravity waves due to high-power HF heating and subauroral polarization streams. Geophys. Res. Lett.,39(11), id. L11101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL05200415. Chernogor, L.F. and Frolov, V.L., 2013. Features of propagation of the acoustic-gravity waves generated by high-power periodic radiation. Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,56(4), pp. 197-215. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-013-9426-016. Chernogor, L.F., Frolov, V.L., 2013. Features of the wave disturbances in the ionosphere during periodic heating of the plasma by the "Sura" radiation. Radiophys. Quantum Electron., 56(5), pp. 276-289. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-013-9432-217. Chernogor, L.F., 2013. Lower ionospheric large-scale disturbances caused by powerful nonstationary radiation. Radio phys. radio astron.,18(1), pp. 49-64 (in Russian).18. Chernogor, L.F., 2014. Physics of High-Power Radio Emission in Geospace. Kharkiv: V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Publ. (in Russian).19. Frolov, V.L., 2015. Spatial structure of plasma density perturbations induced in the ionosphere when modified by powerful HF radio waves: Review of experimental results. Sol.-Terr. Phys.,1(2), pp. 22-48 (in Russian). DOI:https://doi.org/10.12737/1038320. Frolov, V.L., Rapoport, V.O., Shorokhova, E.A., Belov, A.S., Parrot, M., Rauch, J.-L., 2016. Features of the electromagnetic and plasma disturbances induced at the altitudes of the Earth's outer ionosphere by modification of the ionospheric F2 region using high-power radio waves radiated by the SURA heating facility. Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,59(3), pp. 177-198. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-016-9688-421. Frolov, V.L., 2017. Artificial Turbulence of the Midlatitude Ionosphere. N. Novgorod: N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Publ.22. Streltsov, A.V., Berthelier, J.-J., Chernyshov, A.A., Frolov, V.L., Honary, F., Kosch, M.J., Mccoy, R.P., Mishin, E.V., Rietveld,M.T., 2018. Past, present and future of active radio frequency experiments in space. Space Sci. Rev.,214(8), id. 118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-018-0549-723. Chernogor, L.F., Garmash, K.P., Frolov, V.L., 2019. Largescale disturbances in the lower and middle ionosphere accompanying its modification by the Sura heater. Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,62(6), pp. 395-411. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-019-09986-724. Chernogor, L.F., Frolov, V.L., 2021.Features of large-scale disturbances induced in the ionosphere by high-power decameter radiation during moderate magnetic storms. Geomagn. Aeron.,61(5), pp. 721-742. DOI: 10.1134/S0016793221040034. https://doi.org/10.1134/S001679322104003425. Chernogor, L.F., 2012. Mechanisms for generating oscillations in the infrasound frequency range in the upper atmosphere by periodic high-power radio transmissions. Radio phys. radio astron.,17(3), pp. 240-252.26. Vas'kov, V.V., Dimant, Ya.S., Ryabova, N.S., Klimenko, V.V., Dunkan, L.M., 1992. Thermal disturbances of the magnetospheric plasma during resonant heating of the ionospheric F region by a powerful radiowave field. Geomagn. Aeron.,32(5), pp. 140-152 (in Russian).27. Vas'kov, V.V., Komrakov, G.P., Ryabova, N.A., 1995. Thermal disturbances of near-Earth plasma created by powerful radio emission of the Sura facility. Geomagn. Aeron.,35(5), pp. 75-82 (in Russian).28. Chernogor, L.F., Frolov, V.L., Barabash, V.V., 2014. Aperiodic Large-Scale Disturbances in the Lower Ionosphere. Ionosonde Observation Results. Radiophys. Quantum Electron., 57(2), pp. 100-116. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-014-9496-729. Frolov, V.L., Akchurin, A.D., Bolotin, I.A., Ryabov, A.O., Berthelier, J.-J., Parrot, M., 2019. Precipitation of energetic electrons from the Earth's radiation belt stimulated by high-power HF radio waves for modification of the midlatitude ionosphere. Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,62(9), pp. 571-590. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-020-10004-430. Ryabov, A.O., Frolov, V.L., Akchurin, A.D., 2020. Artificial precipitation of energetic electrons in a magnetically conjugate region of the ionosphere relative to the Sura facility. Radiophys. Quantum Electron.,63(4), pp. 257-267. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-021-10050-631. Wratt, D.S.J., 1976. Ionisation enhancement in the middle latitude D-region due to precipitating high energy electrons. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 38(5), pp. 511-516. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(76)90008-832. Gonzalez, W.D., Joselyn, J.A., Kamide, Y., Kroehl, H.W., Rostoker, G., Tsurutani, B.T., Vasyliunas, V.M., 1994. What is a geomagnetic storm? J.Geophys. Res.: Space Phys.,99, id. A4, pp. 5771-5792. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/93JA0286733. Buonsanto, M.J., 1999. Ionospheric Storms - A Review. Space Sci. Rev.,88(3-4), pp. 563-601. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:100510753263134. Tadokoro, H., Tsuchiya, F., Miyoshi, Y., Misawa, H., Morioka, A., Evans, D.S., 2007.Electron flux enhancement in the inner radiation belt during moderate magnetic storms. Ann. Geophys.,25(6), pp. 1359-1364. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-25-1359-200735. Sokolov, S.N., 2011. Magnetic storms and their effects in the lower ionosphere: Differences in storms of various types. Geomagn. Aeron.,51(6), pp. 741-752. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S001679321105012436. Chernogor, L.F., Domnin, I.F., 2014. Physics of Geospace Storms. Kharkiv, Ukraine: Kharkiv V.N. Karazin National University Publ. (in Russian).37. Chernogor, L.F., 2021. Physics of geospace storms. Space Sci. Technol., 27(1), pp. 3-77 (in Ukrainian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2021.01.00338. Chernogor, L.F., Garmash, K.P., Podnos, V.A., Tyrnov, O.F., 2013. The V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Radiophysical Observatory - the tool for ionosphere monitoring in space experiments. In: Zasukha, S.A. and Fedorov, O.P., eds. 2013. Space Project "Ionosat-Micro". Kyiv: Akademperiodika Publ., pp. 160-182 (in Russian).39. Chernogor, L.F., 2008. Advanced methods of spectral analysis of quasiperiodic wave-like processes in the ionosphere: Specific features and experimental results.Geomagn. Aeron.,48(5), pp. 652-673. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S001679320805010140. Gossard, E.E. and Hook, W.H., 1975. Waves in the Atmosphere. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publ.