OMNIDIRECTIONAL MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH ANTENNAS BASED ON SEGMENTAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS WHICH SUPPORT WHISPERING GALLERY MODES
Subject and Purpose. The subject of investigation is a new class of resonant-type transmit antennas intended for operation at millimeter wavelengths. The model under consideration is based on the idea of diffractional re-emission of waves into the azimuthal direction by local inhomo-geneities of the...
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Видавничий дім «Академперіодика»
2023
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Kogut, A. E. Kuzmychov, I. K. Annino, G. Dolia, R. S. Nosatiuk, S. O. Kogut, E. A. Derkach, V. N. Ostryzhnyi, Ye. N. OMNIDIRECTIONAL MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH ANTENNAS BASED ON SEGMENTAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS WHICH SUPPORT WHISPERING GALLERY MODES |
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Article |
| author |
Kogut, A. E. Kuzmychov, I. K. Annino, G. Dolia, R. S. Nosatiuk, S. O. Kogut, E. A. Derkach, V. N. Ostryzhnyi, Ye. N. |
| author_facet |
Kogut, A. E. Kuzmychov, I. K. Annino, G. Dolia, R. S. Nosatiuk, S. O. Kogut, E. A. Derkach, V. N. Ostryzhnyi, Ye. N. |
| author_sort |
Kogut, A. E. |
| title |
OMNIDIRECTIONAL MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH ANTENNAS BASED ON SEGMENTAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS WHICH SUPPORT WHISPERING GALLERY MODES |
| title_short |
OMNIDIRECTIONAL MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH ANTENNAS BASED ON SEGMENTAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS WHICH SUPPORT WHISPERING GALLERY MODES |
| title_full |
OMNIDIRECTIONAL MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH ANTENNAS BASED ON SEGMENTAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS WHICH SUPPORT WHISPERING GALLERY MODES |
| title_fullStr |
OMNIDIRECTIONAL MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH ANTENNAS BASED ON SEGMENTAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS WHICH SUPPORT WHISPERING GALLERY MODES |
| title_full_unstemmed |
OMNIDIRECTIONAL MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH ANTENNAS BASED ON SEGMENTAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS WHICH SUPPORT WHISPERING GALLERY MODES |
| title_sort |
omnidirectional millimeter-wavelength antennas based on segmental dielectric resonators which support whispering gallery modes |
| title_alt |
АНТЕНИ КРУГОВОГО ОГЛЯДУ ДЛЯ МІЛІМЕТРОВОГО ДІАПАЗОНУ ДОВЖИН ХВИЛЬ НА ОСНОВІ СЕГМЕНТАРНИХ ДІЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ РЕЗОНАТОРІВ З МОДАМИ ШЕПОЧУЧОЇ ГАЛЕРЕЇ |
| description |
Subject and Purpose. The subject of investigation is a new class of resonant-type transmit antennas intended for operation at millimeter wavelengths. The model under consideration is based on the idea of diffractional re-emission of waves into the azimuthal direction by local inhomo-geneities of the basically cylindrical structure. The purpose of the work is to justify the possibility of using such an effect for creating antennas with a circular radiation pattern, and to suggest an appropriate design.Methods and Methodology. The research program included both experimental work and application of advanced computer simulation techniques. The modern methods employed have allowed studying electromagnetic field distributions both in internal domains of the dielectric resonators and in the far-field zones of the resonator-based antennas.Results. Design solutions have been proposed for resonant-type, omnidirectional transmit antennas to operate in the millimeter waveband. The characteristic parameters are sizes of their radiating elements, specifically the segmental members equidistantly disposed along the azimuthal direction on the cylindrical surfaces of dielectric disks. The radiational characteristics of such antennas, with segments of either localized or extended dimension (compared with the operating wavelength) have been investigated. Electric field intensity distributions in the far-field region and the respective gain factors of the antennas have been studied.Conclusions. The antennas based on segmental dielectric resonators have been shown to form multi-lobe radiation patterns covering the angular sector of 0–360along the azimuth. By placing the local segments at the resonant field’s antinodes (of the operating mode) it is possible to achieve relatively high values of the gain, reaching 15.5 dB at the lobe maxima.Keywords: segmental dielectric resonators, millimeter-wave omnidirectional antennas, whispering gallery modes. REFERENCES1. Rayleigh, J.W. Strutt, 1896. On the Whispering Galleries. In: Theory of Sound. London: Macmillan Publ. Vol. 2, pp. 127–129.2. Rayleigh, J.W. Strutt, 1910. Th e Problem of the Whispering Gallery. Phil. Mag., 20, pp. 1001–1004. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/147864410086369933. Lin, G., and Chembo, Ya.K., 2016. Opto-acoustic phenomena in whispering gallery mode resonators. Int. J. Optomechatronics, 10(1), pp. 32–39. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15599612.2015.11244764. Ye, Ming-Yong, Shen, Mei-Xia, Lin, Xiu-Min, 2016. Ringing phenomenon-based whispering-gallery-mode sensing. Sci. Rep., 6(1), pp. 1–7. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep195975. Vedrenne, C., Arnaud, J., 1982. Whispering-Gallery modes in dielectric resonators. IEE proc., H Microw. Opt. Antennas, 129(4),pp. 183–187. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-h-1.1982.00376. Annino, G., Cassettari, M., Longo, I., Martinelli, M., 1997. Whispering gallery modes in a dielectric resonator: characterization atmillimeter wavelength. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 45(11), pp. 2025–2034. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/22.6442267. Annino, G., Cassettari, M., Martinelli, M., 2002. Study on planar whispering gallery dielectric resonators. I. General properties.Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves, 23, pp. 597–615. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:10157099278098. Annino, G., Cassettari, M., Martinelli, M., 2002. Study on planar whispering gallery dielectric resonators. II. A multiple-banddevice. Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves, 23, pp. 617–634. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:10157619118799. Wait, J.R., 1967. Electromagnetic Whispering Gallery Modes in a Dielectric Rod. Radio Sci., 2, pp. 1005–1017. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/rds196729100510. Il’chenko, M.E., Vziatyshev, V.F., Gassanov, L.G., 1989. Dielectric resonators. Moscow: Radio i svyaz’ Publ. (in Russian).11. Kirichenko, A.Ya., Prokopenko, Yu.V., Filippov, Yu.F., Cherpak, N.T., 2008. Quasioptical solid-state resonators. Kiev: NaukovaDumka Publ. (in Russian).12. Lee, J., Pinel, S., Laskar, J., and Tentzeris, M.M., 2007. Design and Development of Advanced Cavity-Based Dual-Mode Filters UsingLow-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic Technology for V-Band Gigabit Wireless Systems. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 55(9), pp. 1869–1879. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2007.90432813. Jiao, H., Guillon, P., Bermudez, L.A., Auxemery, P., 1987. Whispering-gallery mode of dielectric structures: application to millimeterwave band stop filters. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 35(12), pp. 1169–1175. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.1987.113383414. Dick, G.J., Saunders, J., 1990. Measurement and analysis of a microwave oscillator stabilized by a sapphire dielectric ring resonatorfor ultra-low noise. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control., 37(5), pp. 339–346. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/58.10523915. Kharkovsky, S., Kirichenko, A., Kogut, A., 1996. Solid-state oscillators with whispering-gallery-mode dielectric resonators. Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., 12(4), pp. 210–213. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2760(199607)12:4<210::AID-MOP9>3.0.CO;2-J16. Kogut, A.E., Eremenko, Z.E., Kuzmichev, I.K., Dolia, R.S., Islam, M.T., 2019.Power Summation of the Gunn-Diodes in the Ultra-Th in Planar Dielectric Resonator. In: 2019 49th European Microwave Conference (EuMC). Paris, France, 01–03 Oct. 2019,pp. 336–339. IEEE Publ. DOI:https://doi.org/10.23919/EuMC.2019.891094817. Krupka, J.A., Tobar, M.E., Hartnett, J.G., Cros D., Le Floch, J.-M., 2005. Extremely high-Q factor dielectric resonators formillimeter-wave applications. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 53(2), pp. 702–712. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2004.84057218. Eremenko, Z., Kogut, A., Shubnyi, A., Dolia, R., 2019. Comparison of High Loss Liquid Dielectric Properties Measurement UsingWaveguide and Resonator Methods. In: 2019 European Microwave Conference in Central Europe (EuMCE). Prague, Czech Republic,13–15 May 2019. IEEE Publ.19. Popov, E. ed., 2012. Gratings: Theory and Numeric Applications. AMU (PUP).20. Aveline, D.C., Baumgartel, L.M., Lin, G., and Yu, N., 2013. Whispering gallery mode resonators augmented with engraved diffractiongratings. Opt. Lett., 38(3), pp. 284–286. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.38.00028421. Huy, K.P., Morand, A., and Benech, P., 2005. Modelization of the Whispering Gallery Mode in Microgear Resonators Using theFloque–Bloch Formalism. IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 41(3), pp. 357–365. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2004.84149822. Nozaki, K., Nakagawa, A., Sano, D., and Baba, T., 2003. Ultralow Th reshold and Single-Mode Lasing in Microgear Lasers and ItsFusion With Quasi-Periodic Photonic Crystals. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 9(5), pp. 1355–1360. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2003.819465 |
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Видавничий дім «Академперіодика» |
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2023 |
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http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1408 |
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oai:ri.kharkov.ua:article-14082023-06-21T15:20:35Z OMNIDIRECTIONAL MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH ANTENNAS BASED ON SEGMENTAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS WHICH SUPPORT WHISPERING GALLERY MODES АНТЕНИ КРУГОВОГО ОГЛЯДУ ДЛЯ МІЛІМЕТРОВОГО ДІАПАЗОНУ ДОВЖИН ХВИЛЬ НА ОСНОВІ СЕГМЕНТАРНИХ ДІЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ РЕЗОНАТОРІВ З МОДАМИ ШЕПОЧУЧОЇ ГАЛЕРЕЇ Kogut, A. E. Kuzmychov, I. K. Annino, G. Dolia, R. S. Nosatiuk, S. O. Kogut, E. A. Derkach, V. N. Ostryzhnyi, Ye. N. Subject and Purpose. The subject of investigation is a new class of resonant-type transmit antennas intended for operation at millimeter wavelengths. The model under consideration is based on the idea of diffractional re-emission of waves into the azimuthal direction by local inhomo-geneities of the basically cylindrical structure. The purpose of the work is to justify the possibility of using such an effect for creating antennas with a circular radiation pattern, and to suggest an appropriate design.Methods and Methodology. The research program included both experimental work and application of advanced computer simulation techniques. The modern methods employed have allowed studying electromagnetic field distributions both in internal domains of the dielectric resonators and in the far-field zones of the resonator-based antennas.Results. Design solutions have been proposed for resonant-type, omnidirectional transmit antennas to operate in the millimeter waveband. The characteristic parameters are sizes of their radiating elements, specifically the segmental members equidistantly disposed along the azimuthal direction on the cylindrical surfaces of dielectric disks. The radiational characteristics of such antennas, with segments of either localized or extended dimension (compared with the operating wavelength) have been investigated. Electric field intensity distributions in the far-field region and the respective gain factors of the antennas have been studied.Conclusions. The antennas based on segmental dielectric resonators have been shown to form multi-lobe radiation patterns covering the angular sector of 0–360along the azimuth. By placing the local segments at the resonant field’s antinodes (of the operating mode) it is possible to achieve relatively high values of the gain, reaching 15.5 dB at the lobe maxima.Keywords: segmental dielectric resonators, millimeter-wave omnidirectional antennas, whispering gallery modes. REFERENCES1. Rayleigh, J.W. Strutt, 1896. On the Whispering Galleries. In: Theory of Sound. London: Macmillan Publ. Vol. 2, pp. 127–129.2. Rayleigh, J.W. Strutt, 1910. Th e Problem of the Whispering Gallery. Phil. Mag., 20, pp. 1001–1004. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/147864410086369933. Lin, G., and Chembo, Ya.K., 2016. Opto-acoustic phenomena in whispering gallery mode resonators. Int. J. Optomechatronics, 10(1), pp. 32–39. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15599612.2015.11244764. Ye, Ming-Yong, Shen, Mei-Xia, Lin, Xiu-Min, 2016. Ringing phenomenon-based whispering-gallery-mode sensing. Sci. Rep., 6(1), pp. 1–7. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep195975. Vedrenne, C., Arnaud, J., 1982. Whispering-Gallery modes in dielectric resonators. IEE proc., H Microw. Opt. Antennas, 129(4),pp. 183–187. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-h-1.1982.00376. Annino, G., Cassettari, M., Longo, I., Martinelli, M., 1997. Whispering gallery modes in a dielectric resonator: characterization atmillimeter wavelength. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 45(11), pp. 2025–2034. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/22.6442267. Annino, G., Cassettari, M., Martinelli, M., 2002. Study on planar whispering gallery dielectric resonators. I. General properties.Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves, 23, pp. 597–615. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:10157099278098. Annino, G., Cassettari, M., Martinelli, M., 2002. Study on planar whispering gallery dielectric resonators. II. A multiple-banddevice. Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves, 23, pp. 617–634. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:10157619118799. Wait, J.R., 1967. Electromagnetic Whispering Gallery Modes in a Dielectric Rod. Radio Sci., 2, pp. 1005–1017. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/rds196729100510. Il’chenko, M.E., Vziatyshev, V.F., Gassanov, L.G., 1989. Dielectric resonators. Moscow: Radio i svyaz’ Publ. (in Russian).11. Kirichenko, A.Ya., Prokopenko, Yu.V., Filippov, Yu.F., Cherpak, N.T., 2008. Quasioptical solid-state resonators. Kiev: NaukovaDumka Publ. (in Russian).12. Lee, J., Pinel, S., Laskar, J., and Tentzeris, M.M., 2007. Design and Development of Advanced Cavity-Based Dual-Mode Filters UsingLow-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic Technology for V-Band Gigabit Wireless Systems. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 55(9), pp. 1869–1879. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2007.90432813. Jiao, H., Guillon, P., Bermudez, L.A., Auxemery, P., 1987. Whispering-gallery mode of dielectric structures: application to millimeterwave band stop filters. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 35(12), pp. 1169–1175. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.1987.113383414. Dick, G.J., Saunders, J., 1990. Measurement and analysis of a microwave oscillator stabilized by a sapphire dielectric ring resonatorfor ultra-low noise. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control., 37(5), pp. 339–346. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/58.10523915. Kharkovsky, S., Kirichenko, A., Kogut, A., 1996. Solid-state oscillators with whispering-gallery-mode dielectric resonators. Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., 12(4), pp. 210–213. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2760(199607)12:4<210::AID-MOP9>3.0.CO;2-J16. Kogut, A.E., Eremenko, Z.E., Kuzmichev, I.K., Dolia, R.S., Islam, M.T., 2019.Power Summation of the Gunn-Diodes in the Ultra-Th in Planar Dielectric Resonator. In: 2019 49th European Microwave Conference (EuMC). Paris, France, 01–03 Oct. 2019,pp. 336–339. IEEE Publ. DOI:https://doi.org/10.23919/EuMC.2019.891094817. Krupka, J.A., Tobar, M.E., Hartnett, J.G., Cros D., Le Floch, J.-M., 2005. Extremely high-Q factor dielectric resonators formillimeter-wave applications. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 53(2), pp. 702–712. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2004.84057218. Eremenko, Z., Kogut, A., Shubnyi, A., Dolia, R., 2019. Comparison of High Loss Liquid Dielectric Properties Measurement UsingWaveguide and Resonator Methods. In: 2019 European Microwave Conference in Central Europe (EuMCE). Prague, Czech Republic,13–15 May 2019. IEEE Publ.19. Popov, E. ed., 2012. Gratings: Theory and Numeric Applications. AMU (PUP).20. Aveline, D.C., Baumgartel, L.M., Lin, G., and Yu, N., 2013. Whispering gallery mode resonators augmented with engraved diffractiongratings. Opt. Lett., 38(3), pp. 284–286. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.38.00028421. Huy, K.P., Morand, A., and Benech, P., 2005. Modelization of the Whispering Gallery Mode in Microgear Resonators Using theFloque–Bloch Formalism. IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 41(3), pp. 357–365. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2004.84149822. Nozaki, K., Nakagawa, A., Sano, D., and Baba, T., 2003. Ultralow Th reshold and Single-Mode Lasing in Microgear Lasers and ItsFusion With Quasi-Periodic Photonic Crystals. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 9(5), pp. 1355–1360. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2003.819465 Предмет і мета роботи. Предметом роботи є новий клас випромінювальних антен резонасного типу для міліметрового діапазону довжин хвиль. В основу моделі, що розглядається, покладено ідею про дифракційне перевипромінювання хвиль в азимутальному напрямку локальними неоднорідностями циліндричної структури антени. Отже, метою роботи є обґрунтування та використання цього ефекту для створення антенних приладів із круговою діаграмою направленості та вибір відповідної конструкції.Методи та методологія. Дослідження проведено як експериментальним шляхом, так і за допомогою сучасних методів комп’ютерного моделювання. Використано сучасні методи дослідження розподілу електромагнітних полів як у власному просторі діелектричних резонаторів, так і в дальніх зонах антен на їхній основі.Результати. Представлено конструкції випромінювальних антен резонансного типу для кругового огляду в міліметровому діапазоні довжин хвиль. Їхніми відмінними параметрами є розміри випромінювальних елементів, а саме сегментів, щоє еквідистантно розташованими в азимутальному напрямку на циліндричній поверхні діелектричних дисків. Досліджено випромінювальні характеристики антен з локальними та протяжними, порівняно з робочою довжиною хвилі, сегментами. Вивчено розподіли напруженості електричного поля в дальній зоні антен та їхні відповідні коефіцієнти підсилення.Висновки. Показано, що антени на основі сегментарних діелектричних резонаторів формують багатопелюсткові діаграми направленості в азимутальному секторі кутів 0...360°. Використання локальних сегментів, розміщених у пучностях резонансного поля робочої моди, дозволяє отримати відносно високі значення коефіцієнта підсилення, котрі в пелюстках можуть сягати 15.5 дБ.Ключові слова: сегментарні діелектричні резонатори, антена кругового огляду, моди шепочучої галереї. Стаття надійшла до редакції 11.11.2022 Radio phys. radio astron. 2023, 28(1): 071-079REFERENCES1. Rayleigh, J.W. Strutt, 1896. On the Whispering Galleries. In: Theory of Sound. London: Macmillan Publ. Vol. 2, pp. 127–129.2. Rayleigh, J.W. Strutt, 1910. Th e Problem of the Whispering Gallery. Phil. Mag., 20, pp. 1001–1004. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/147864410086369933. Lin, G., and Chembo, Ya.K., 2016. Opto-acoustic phenomena in whispering gallery mode resonators. Int. J. Optomechatronics, 10(1), pp. 32–39. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15599612.2015.11244764. Ye, Ming-Yong, Shen, Mei-Xia, Lin, Xiu-Min, 2016. Ringing phenomenon-based whispering-gallery-mode sensing. Sci. Rep., 6(1), pp. 1–7. 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Nozaki, K., Nakagawa, A., Sano, D., and Baba, T., 2003. Ultralow Th reshold and Single-Mode Lasing in Microgear Lasers and ItsFusion With Quasi-Periodic Photonic Crystals. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 9(5), pp. 1355–1360. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2003.819465 Видавничий дім «Академперіодика» 2023-06-16 Article Article application/pdf http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1408 10.15407/rpra28.01.071 РАДИОФИЗИКА И РАДИОАСТРОНОМИЯ; Vol 28, No 1 (2023); 71 RADIO PHYSICS AND RADIO ASTRONOMY; Vol 28, No 1 (2023); 71 РАДІОФІЗИКА І РАДІОАСТРОНОМІЯ; Vol 28, No 1 (2023); 71 2415-7007 1027-9636 10.15407/rpra28.01 en http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1408/pdf Copyright (c) 2023 RADIO PHYSICS AND RADIO ASTRONOMY |