Апаратно-програмний генератор випадкових чисел на основі напівпровідникової фотоматриці та логічних комбінацій клітинних автоматів

• Published in: Технологія та конструювання в електронній апаратурі
• Date: 2026
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 32-37
• ISSN: 3083-6549
• Author Affiliations: Serhii Yanushevskyi — Yurii Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine — ORCID: 0009-0007-3426-2868; Yuriy Dobrovolsky — Yurii Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine
• Keywords: генератор псевдовипадкових чисел, passive filter, auto-oscillator, квантовий генератор випадкових чисел, computer vision, hybrid filter, deterministic chaos generator, пост- квантова криптографія, neurochip, пост квантова криптографія
• Main Authors: Yanushevskyi, Serhii, Dobrovolsky, Yuriy
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: PE "Politekhperiodika", Book and Journal Publishers 2026
• Subjects: клітинні автомати; фотоматриця; генератор випадкових чисел; постобробка даних; тести NIST STS; швидкість генерації; криптостійкість; захист інформації; програмна інженерія
• Online Access: https://www.tkea.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/TKEA2026.1.32
• Journal Title: Technology and design in electronic equipment

Primary binary sequences obtained directly from semiconductor photodiode arrays of standard CMOS webcams exhibit significant non-uniform frequency distributions and high inter-frame correlation. Experimental measurements reveal critical defects, including anomalous byte gaps in the [0...25] range and a 30% correlation in darkness. Primary binary sequences obtained directly from semiconductor photodiode arrays of standard CMOS webcams exhibit significant non-uniform frequency distributions and high inter-frame correlation. Experimental measurements reveal critical defects, including anomalous byte gaps in the [0...25] range and a 30% correlation in darkness. The primary entropy source is the stochastic photocurrent of the array elements, captured at 25 frames per second and transformed into discrete numbers via analog-to-digital conversion. Local statistical correlations are eliminated using post-processing based on logical combinations of one-dimensional cellular automata. The developed algorithm combines chaotic rule-switching and a multi-component XOR-MIX combination of equivalent primitives.. For high computational efficiency, a lightweight algorithm for adaptive control of evolution iterations based on express root-mean-square deviation control is introduced. The low complexity of bitwise Boolean operations enables real-time data processing on personal computers and embedded microcontrollers. Experimental results show that the developed algorithm provides a real-time generation speed of 47.8 Mbps, with an additional CPU load of only 0.3% and a frame latency of less than 0.1 ms. The normalized stream completely eliminates inherent hardware defects, successfully passing all 15 NIST STS test groups with a stable proportion of over 96%, confirming the cryptographic strength of the method and its high suitability for modern information security applications.