Техніко-економічні показники технологій зменшення викидів оксидів азоту від потужних опалювальних котлів

• Date: 2019
• Main Author: Teslenko O.I.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2019
• Subjects: котли; водогрійні; зменшення викидів; оксиди азоту; технології; техніко-економічні показники.
• Online Access: https://systemre.org/index.php/journal/article/view/724
• Journal Title: System Research in Energy

Powerful boilers of the PTVM and KV-GM series, currently in operation as a  part of Ukraine's district heating boilers, produce  nitrogen oxides emission at a level of 210–240 mg / nm3 with a content of 3% of O2 in flue gases from natural gas combustion. The terms of Directive 2010/75/EU require that the levels of nitrogen oxides from such large combustion plants (heat power of 50 MW or more) do not exceed 100 mg / nm3, i.e., NOx emissions have to be reduced at least by 55–60% of the today's level. For powerful heating boilers of the PTVM-30M, PTVM-50, PTVM-100, PTVM-180, KVGM-30, KVGM-50, KVGM-100 series, which are included to the National Plan for Reducing Emissions from Large Combustion Plants, the following low-cost technologies of reduction of nitrogen oxides emission are requied: flue gas recirculation, water injection into the combustion chamber, tertiary air supply, stepwise combustion of fuel, and low-toxic burners with the reduced formation of nitrogen oxides. Using a calculating method, we determined the technical-and-economic parameters for each technology: specific capital costs for the introduction of technological equipment (per unit of installed heat capacity of the boiler) and specific consumption of the additional expenditure of fuel and energy resources (per unit of generated heat energy) that accompany its operation. The most efficient combined conditional-technological method for reducing nitrogen oxides emission to the requirements of Directive 2010/75/EC is the use of innovative low-toxic burners with flue gas recirculation directly into the fuel-air mixture: total specific capital costs are from 160 to 280 thousand UAH per MW of boiler's thermal power. Additional electricity consumption is determined solely by its expenditure for flue gas recirculation from 0.2 to 0.56 kW-h per MW-h of heat produced by the boiler. The determination of these parameters will allow us to assess the influeme of introduction of the technologies of reducing nitrogen oxides emissions on the economic characteristics of production of thermal energy by powerful boiler houses of the district heating systems of Ukraine. Enterprises – operators of boiler houses and potential investors will be able to determine the economic feasibility of modernizing the existing powerful boiler plants to meet requirements of the Directive 2010/75/EU on nitrogen oxides emissions.