MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE

MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE

Subject and Purpose. Results are presented of the recent considerable upgrade implemented at the Kharkiv microwave spectrometer. The upgrade has been aimed at extending the operating frequency range and increasing the utmost accessible spectral resolution of the spectrometer.Methods and Methodology....

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Date:2023
Main Authors: Alekseev, E. A., Ilyushin, V. V., Budnikov, V. V., Pogrebnyak, M. L., Kniazkov, L. B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Видавничий дім «Академперіодика» 2023
Subjects:
microwave spectrometer
millimeter wave spectrum
measurement accuracy
spectral lines
Online Access:http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1423
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Radio physics and radio astronomy
id rpra-journalorgua-article-1423
record_format ojs
institution Radio physics and radio astronomy
baseUrl_str
datestamp_date 2023-09-22T06:54:27Z
collection OJS
language English
topic microwave spectrometer
millimeter wave spectrum
measurement accuracy
spectral lines
spellingShingle microwave spectrometer
millimeter wave spectrum
measurement accuracy
spectral lines
Alekseev, E. A.
Ilyushin, V. V.
Budnikov, V. V.
Pogrebnyak, M. L.
Kniazkov, L. B.
MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE
topic_facet microwave spectrometer
millimeter wave spectrum
measurement accuracy
spectral lines
format Article
author Alekseev, E. A.
Ilyushin, V. V.
Budnikov, V. V.
Pogrebnyak, M. L.
Kniazkov, L. B.
author_facet Alekseev, E. A.
Ilyushin, V. V.
Budnikov, V. V.
Pogrebnyak, M. L.
Kniazkov, L. B.
author_sort Alekseev, E. A.
title MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE
title_short MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE
title_full MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE
title_fullStr MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE
title_full_unstemmed MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE
title_sort modernization of the kharkiv microwave spectrometer: current state
title_alt МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ ХАРКІВСЬКОГО МІКРОХВИЛЬОВОГО СПЕКТРОМЕТРА: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН
description Subject and Purpose. Results are presented of the recent considerable upgrade implemented at the Kharkiv microwave spectrometer. The upgrade has been aimed at extending the operating frequency range and increasing the utmost accessible spectral resolution of the spectrometer.Methods and Methodology. In order to extend the frequency range we have designed and constructed new BWO-based oscillator units, also providing for possibility of frequency tripler application. Construction of a new absorbing cell of enlarged diameter allowed us to considerably improve the spectral resolution for Lamb-dip measurements.Results. Owing to the upgrade, the spectrometer has become able to cover the frequency range from 34 to 420 GHz, with a gap from 183 to 200 GHz. The spectral resolution in the Lamb-dip observation mode has been increased by a factor of two. In addition, the functionality of the spectrometer has been significantly improved via modernization of several of its subsystems.Conclusions. The new upgrades of the spectrometer systems have permitted extending the operational frequency range and increasing the utmost accessible resolution by means of reducing the time-of-flight line broadening in the Lamb-dip measurements. In addition, application of square-wave frequency modulation with accurately known modulation parameters, in combination with careful modeling of the distortions caused by reflections in the absorbing cell, has allowed us to significantly improve the accuracy of line frequency measurements.Keywords: microwave spectrometer, millimeter wave spectrum; measurement accuracy, spectral linesManuscript submitted 18.03.2023Radio phys. radio astron. 2023, 28(3): 257-270REFERENCES            1. Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., Margulès, L., 2012. Millimeter- and Submillimeter-Wave Spectrometers on the Basis of Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 3(1), pp. 75—88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1615/RadioPhysicsRadioAstronomy.v3.i1.100            2. Alekseev, E.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Mescheryakov, A.A., 2014. High-Precision Microwave Spectrometer with Sub-Doppler Spectral Resolution. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 19(4), pp. 364—374 (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/rpra19.04.364            3. Smirnov, I.A., Piddyachiy, V.I., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., 2013. 1,3-Propanediol millimeter wave spectrum: Conformers I and II. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 293—294, pp. 33—37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jms.2013.10.001            4. Smirnov, I.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Margulès, L., Motiyenko, R.A., Drouin, B.J., 2014. Spectroscopy of the ground, first and second excited torsional states of acetaldehyde from 0.05 to 1.6 THz. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 295, pp. 44—50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jms.2013.11.006            5. Armieieva, I.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Dorovskaya, O.A., Margulès, L., Motiyenko, R.A., 2016. Millimeter wave spectroscopy of the ground, first and second excited torsional states of acetone. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 21(1), pp. 37—47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/rpra21.01.037            6. Belloche, A., Meshcheryakov, A.A., Garrod, R.T., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., Margulès, L., Müller, H.S.P., and Menten, K.M., 2017. Rotational spectroscopy, tentative interstellar detection, and chemical modeling of N-methylformamide. Astron. Astrophys., 601, id. A49(41 pp.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629724            7. Zakharenko, O., Ilyushin, V.V., Lewen, F., Müller, H.S.P., Schlemmer, S., Alekseev, E.A., Pogrebnyak, M.L., Armieieva, Iu.A., Li- Hong, Xu, Lees, R.M., 2019. Rotational spectroscopy of methyl mercaptan CH332SH at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. Astron. Astrophys., 629, id.  A73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935759            8. Alekseev, E., Ilyushin, V., Bakhmat, Y., Kniazkov, L., Budnikov, V., 2020. The Microwave Spectrometer at the Institute of Radio Astronomy of NASU: Recent Upgrades. In: 2020 IEEE Ukrainian Microwave Week (UkrMW): proc. Kharkiv, Ukraine, 21—25 Sept. 2020. Vol. 3. 2020 IEEE 10th Int. Kharkiv Symp. "Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves" (MSMW), pp. 821—824. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/UkrMW49653.2020.9252704            9. Alekseev, E.A., Ilyushin, V.V., and Motiyenko, R.A., 2022. Square-wave frequency modulation in microwave spectroscopy. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 27(4), pp. 299—311. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/rpra27.04.299            10. Alekseev, E.A., Zakharenko, V.V., 2004. Direct digital synthesizer as a reference source of a millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer. In: Proc. of V Int. Kharkov Symp. "Physics and Engineering of Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves 2004" (MSMW 04). Vol. 2. Kharkov, Ukraine, 21—26 June 2004, p. 782—784. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MSMW.2004.1346148            11. Alekseev, E.A., Zakharenko, V.V., 2007. Direct Digital Synthesizer at the Microwave Spectroscopy. Radio Phys. Radio Astron.,12(2), pp. 205—214 (in Russian). Available at: http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/602/173            12. Analog Devices. Available at: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9834.pdf            13. Pickett, H.M., 1980. Determination of collisional linewidths and shifts by a convolution method. Appl. Opt., 19(16), pp. 2745— 2749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.19.002745            14. Snyder, L.E., Lovas, F.J., Hollis, J.M., Friedel, D.N., Jewell, P.R., Remijan, A., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Dyubko, S.F., 2005. A Rigorous Attempt To Verify Interstellar Glycine. Astrophys. J., 619, pp. 914—930. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/426677            15. Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Dyubko, S.F., Motiyenko, R.A., Lovas, F.J., 2005. Millimeter wave spectrum of glycine. J. Mol. Spec- trosc., 231(1), pp. 15—22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jms.2004.12.003            16. ALMA Receiver Bands. Available at: https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/receiver-bands/            17. ALMA. First Light with the ALMA Band 1 Receiver. Available at: https://alma-telescope.jp/en/news/press/band1-202109-2            18. Gordy, W., Cook, R.L., 1984. Microwave Molecular Spectra. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISNB 0471086819            19. Winton, R.S., Gordy, W., 1970. High-Precision Millimeter-Wave Spectroscopy With The Lamb Dip. Phys. Lett. A, 32(4), pp. 219— 220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(70)90287-2            20. Multipliers — VDI Model: WR2.8×3. Available at: https://www.vadiodes.com/en/frequency-multipliers/10-products/169-wr28x3            21. Cazzoli, G., Cludi, L., Cotti, G., Dore, L., Degli Esposti, C., Bellini, M., and De Natali, P., 1994. The Rotational Spectrum of CHF3 in the Submillimeter-Wave and Far-Infrared Region: Observation of the K 3 Line Splitting. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 163, pp. 521—528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1994.1044
publisher Видавничий дім «Академперіодика»
publishDate 2023
url http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1423
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spelling rpra-journalorgua-article-14232023-09-22T06:54:27Z MODERNIZATION OF THE KHARKIV MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER: CURRENT STATE МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ ХАРКІВСЬКОГО МІКРОХВИЛЬОВОГО СПЕКТРОМЕТРА: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН Alekseev, E. A. Ilyushin, V. V. Budnikov, V. V. Pogrebnyak, M. L. Kniazkov, L. B. microwave spectrometer; millimeter wave spectrum; measurement accuracy; spectral lines Subject and Purpose. Results are presented of the recent considerable upgrade implemented at the Kharkiv microwave spectrometer. The upgrade has been aimed at extending the operating frequency range and increasing the utmost accessible spectral resolution of the spectrometer.Methods and Methodology. In order to extend the frequency range we have designed and constructed new BWO-based oscillator units, also providing for possibility of frequency tripler application. Construction of a new absorbing cell of enlarged diameter allowed us to considerably improve the spectral resolution for Lamb-dip measurements.Results. Owing to the upgrade, the spectrometer has become able to cover the frequency range from 34 to 420 GHz, with a gap from 183 to 200 GHz. The spectral resolution in the Lamb-dip observation mode has been increased by a factor of two. In addition, the functionality of the spectrometer has been significantly improved via modernization of several of its subsystems.Conclusions. The new upgrades of the spectrometer systems have permitted extending the operational frequency range and increasing the utmost accessible resolution by means of reducing the time-of-flight line broadening in the Lamb-dip measurements. In addition, application of square-wave frequency modulation with accurately known modulation parameters, in combination with careful modeling of the distortions caused by reflections in the absorbing cell, has allowed us to significantly improve the accuracy of line frequency measurements.Keywords: microwave spectrometer, millimeter wave spectrum; measurement accuracy, spectral linesManuscript submitted 18.03.2023Radio phys. radio astron. 2023, 28(3): 257-270REFERENCES            1. Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., Margulès, L., 2012. Millimeter- and Submillimeter-Wave Spectrometers on the Basis of Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 3(1), pp. 75—88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1615/RadioPhysicsRadioAstronomy.v3.i1.100            2. Alekseev, E.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Mescheryakov, A.A., 2014. High-Precision Microwave Spectrometer with Sub-Doppler Spectral Resolution. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 19(4), pp. 364—374 (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/rpra19.04.364            3. Smirnov, I.A., Piddyachiy, V.I., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., 2013. 1,3-Propanediol millimeter wave spectrum: Conformers I and II. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 293—294, pp. 33—37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jms.2013.10.001            4. Smirnov, I.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Margulès, L., Motiyenko, R.A., Drouin, B.J., 2014. Spectroscopy of the ground, first and second excited torsional states of acetaldehyde from 0.05 to 1.6 THz. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 295, pp. 44—50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jms.2013.11.006            5. Armieieva, I.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Dorovskaya, O.A., Margulès, L., Motiyenko, R.A., 2016. Millimeter wave spectroscopy of the ground, first and second excited torsional states of acetone. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 21(1), pp. 37—47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/rpra21.01.037            6. Belloche, A., Meshcheryakov, A.A., Garrod, R.T., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., Margulès, L., Müller, H.S.P., and Menten, K.M., 2017. Rotational spectroscopy, tentative interstellar detection, and chemical modeling of N-methylformamide. Astron. Astrophys., 601, id. A49(41 pp.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629724            7. Zakharenko, O., Ilyushin, V.V., Lewen, F., Müller, H.S.P., Schlemmer, S., Alekseev, E.A., Pogrebnyak, M.L., Armieieva, Iu.A., Li- Hong, Xu, Lees, R.M., 2019. Rotational spectroscopy of methyl mercaptan CH332SH at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. Astron. Astrophys., 629, id.  A73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935759            8. Alekseev, E., Ilyushin, V., Bakhmat, Y., Kniazkov, L., Budnikov, V., 2020. The Microwave Spectrometer at the Institute of Radio Astronomy of NASU: Recent Upgrades. In: 2020 IEEE Ukrainian Microwave Week (UkrMW): proc. Kharkiv, Ukraine, 21—25 Sept. 2020. Vol. 3. 2020 IEEE 10th Int. Kharkiv Symp. "Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves" (MSMW), pp. 821—824. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/UkrMW49653.2020.9252704            9. Alekseev, E.A., Ilyushin, V.V., and Motiyenko, R.A., 2022. Square-wave frequency modulation in microwave spectroscopy. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 27(4), pp. 299—311. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/rpra27.04.299            10. Alekseev, E.A., Zakharenko, V.V., 2004. Direct digital synthesizer as a reference source of a millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer. In: Proc. of V Int. Kharkov Symp. "Physics and Engineering of Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves 2004" (MSMW 04). Vol. 2. Kharkov, Ukraine, 21—26 June 2004, p. 782—784. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MSMW.2004.1346148            11. Alekseev, E.A., Zakharenko, V.V., 2007. Direct Digital Synthesizer at the Microwave Spectroscopy. Radio Phys. Radio Astron.,12(2), pp. 205—214 (in Russian). Available at: http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/602/173            12. Analog Devices. Available at: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9834.pdf            13. Pickett, H.M., 1980. Determination of collisional linewidths and shifts by a convolution method. Appl. Opt., 19(16), pp. 2745— 2749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.19.002745            14. Snyder, L.E., Lovas, F.J., Hollis, J.M., Friedel, D.N., Jewell, P.R., Remijan, A., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Dyubko, S.F., 2005. A Rigorous Attempt To Verify Interstellar Glycine. Astrophys. J., 619, pp. 914—930. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/426677            15. Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Dyubko, S.F., Motiyenko, R.A., Lovas, F.J., 2005. Millimeter wave spectrum of glycine. J. Mol. Spec- trosc., 231(1), pp. 15—22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jms.2004.12.003            16. ALMA Receiver Bands. Available at: https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/receiver-bands/            17. ALMA. First Light with the ALMA Band 1 Receiver. Available at: https://alma-telescope.jp/en/news/press/band1-202109-2            18. Gordy, W., Cook, R.L., 1984. Microwave Molecular Spectra. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISNB 0471086819            19. Winton, R.S., Gordy, W., 1970. High-Precision Millimeter-Wave Spectroscopy With The Lamb Dip. Phys. Lett. A, 32(4), pp. 219— 220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(70)90287-2            20. Multipliers — VDI Model: WR2.8×3. Available at: https://www.vadiodes.com/en/frequency-multipliers/10-products/169-wr28x3            21. Cazzoli, G., Cludi, L., Cotti, G., Dore, L., Degli Esposti, C., Bellini, M., and De Natali, P., 1994. The Rotational Spectrum of CHF3 in the Submillimeter-Wave and Far-Infrared Region: Observation of the K 3 Line Splitting. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 163, pp. 521—528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1994.1044 Предмет і мета роботи. Наведено результати нещодавніх суттєвих вдосконалень Харківського мікрохвильового спектрометра. Основною метою цих вдосконалень було розширення робочого діапазону частот і поліпшення максимально доступної спектральної роздільної здатності спектрометра.Методи і методологія. Заради розширення діапазону робочих частот розроблено та побудовано нові генераторні блоки на основі ламп зворотної хвилі, а також створено можливість застосування потроювача частоти. Впровадження нової поглинальної комірки зі збільшеним діаметром дозволило підвищити максимальну спектральну роздільну здатність при вимірюваннях провалу Лемба.Результати. Після модернізації спектрометр охоплює діапазон частот від 34 до 420 ГГц із розривом від 183 до 200 ГГц. Спектральну роздільну здатність приладу в режимі спостереження провалу Лемба покращено вдвічі. Додатково, за рахунок модернізації кількох підсистем спектрометра, суттєво покращено його функціональність.Висновки. Нові вдосконалення систем спектрометра дозволили розширити робочий діапазон частот, а також підвищити максимально доступну роздільну здатність завдяки зменшенню пролітного розширення при вимірюваннях зі спостереженням провалу Лемба. Крім того, застосування частотної модуляції прямокутним імпульсом із параметрами, що відомі з високою точністю, у поєднанні з більш ретельним моделюванням спотворень, котрі можуть спричинюватись відбиттями в поглинальній комірці, дозволило значно підвищити точність вимірювання частот ліній.Ключові слова: мікрохвильовий спектрометр; спектр міліметрових хвиль; точність вимірювань; спектральні лініїСтаття надійшла до редакції 18.03.2023Radio phys. radio astron. 2023, 28(3): 257-270БІБЛІОГРАФІЧНИЙ СПИСОК            1. Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., Margulès, L., 2012. Millimeter- and Submillimeter-Wave Spectrometers on the Basis of Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 3(1), pp. 75—88. DOI: 10.1615/RadioPhysicsRadioAstronomy. v3.i1.100            2. Alekseev, E.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Mescheryakov, A.A., 2014. High-Precision Microwave Spectrometer with Sub-Doppler Spectral Resolution. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 19(4), pp. 364—374 (in Russian). DOI: 10.15407/rpra19.04.364            3. Smirnov, I.A., Piddyachiy, V.I., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., 2013. 1,3-Propanediol millimeter wave spectrum: Conformers I and II. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 293—294, pp. 33—37. DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2013.10.001            4. Smirnov, I.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Margulès, L., Motiyenko, R.A., Drouin, B.J., 2014. Spectroscopy of the ground, first and second excited torsional states of acetaldehyde from 0.05 to 1.6 THz. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 295, pp. 44—50. DOI: 10.1016/j. jms.2013.11.006            5. Armieieva, I.A., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Dorovskaya, O.A., Margulès, L., Motiyenko, R.A., 2016. Millimeter wave spectroscopy of the ground, first and second excited torsional states of acetone. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 21(1), pp. 37—47. DOI: 10.15407/rpra21.01.037            6. Belloche, A., Meshcheryakov, A.A., Garrod, R.T., Ilyushin, V.V., Alekseev, E.A., Motiyenko, R.A., Margulès, L., Müller, H.S.P., and Menten, K.M., 2017. Rotational spectroscopy, tentative interstellar detection, and chemical modeling of N-methylformamide. Astron. Astrophys., 601, id. A49(41 pp.). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201629724            7. Zakharenko, O., Ilyushin, V.V., Lewen, F., Müller, H.S.P., Schlemmer, S., Alekseev, E.A., Pogrebnyak, M.L., Armieieva, Iu.A., Li- Hong, Xu, Lees, R.M., 2019. Rotational spectroscopy of methyl mercaptan CH332SH at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. Astron. Astrophys., 629, id.  A73. DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201935759            8. Alekseev, E., Ilyushin, V., Bakhmat, Y., Kniazkov, L., Budnikov, V., 2020. The Microwave Spectrometer at the Institute of Radio Astronomy of NASU: Recent Upgrades. In: 2020 IEEE Ukrainian Microwave Week (UkrMW): proc. Kharkiv, Ukraine, 21—25 Sept. 2020. Vol. 3. 2020 IEEE 10th Int. Kharkiv Symp. "Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves" (MSMW), pp. 821—824. DOI: 10.1109/UkrMW49653.2020.9252704            9. Alekseev, E.A., Ilyushin, V.V., and Motiyenko, R.A., 2022. Square-wave frequency modulation in microwave spectroscopy. Radio Phys. Radio Astron., 27(4), pp. 299—311. DOI: 10.15407/rpra27.04.2994            10. Alekseev, E.A., Zakharenko, V.V., 2004. Direct digital synthesizer as a reference source of a millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer. In: Proc. of V Int. Kharkov Symp. "Physics and Engineering of Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves 2004" (MSMW 04). Vol. 2. Kharkov, Ukraine, 21—26 June 2004, p. 782—784. DOI: 10.1109/MSMW.2004.1346148            11. Alekseev, E.A., Zakharenko, V.V., 2007. 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DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1994.1044 Видавничий дім «Академперіодика» 2023-09-12 Article Article application/pdf http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1423 10.15407/rpra28.03.257 РАДИОФИЗИКА И РАДИОАСТРОНОМИЯ; Vol 28, No 3 (2023); 257 RADIO PHYSICS AND RADIO ASTRONOMY; Vol 28, No 3 (2023); 257 РАДІОФІЗИКА І РАДІОАСТРОНОМІЯ; Vol 28, No 3 (2023); 257 2415-7007 1027-9636 10.15407/rpra28.03 en http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1423/pdf Copyright (c) 2023 RADIO PHYSICS AND RADIO ASTRONOMY

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