GEOMAGNETIC NEAR FIELD DISTURBANCES AS GENERATED BY THE JANUARY 15, 2022 UNIQUE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO
Subject and Purpose. The January 15, 2022 explosion of the Tonga volcano, unique in its power, led to significant disturbances of the Earth’s subsystems, including the lithosphere and the World Ocean — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system, plus the geophysical fields like the baric, the el...
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| author | Chernogor, L. F. |
| author_facet | Chernogor, L. F. |
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| description | Subject and Purpose. The January 15, 2022 explosion of the Tonga volcano, unique in its power, led to significant disturbances of the Earth’s subsystems, including the lithosphere and the World Ocean — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system, plus the geophysical fields like the baric, the electric and the magnetic. A task of great importance is a detailed study of disturbances in all the subsystems and of the fields involved, in particular, a further study of geomagnetic field component variations (and such of their derivatives) that appear to be generated in the near-field zone by the unique explosion of January 15, 2022.Methods and Methodology. To analyze temporal variations of the geomagnetic field, data records of its three spatial components have been used, specifically of the X, Y, and Z, and of their time derivatives Ẋ, Ẏ, and Ż , as recorded at geomagnetic observatories (stations) of the INTERMAGNET network during the explosion. The measurement error never exceeded 0.1 nT. The time resolution was 1 min. The records obtained on the quieter days of January 13, 2022 and January 17, 2022 have been chosen as reference data.Results. Some specific features have been identified of the near-field geomagnetic effects that accompanied the powerful explosion of the Tonga volcano. The activity led to generation of an aperiodic "bay-shaped" disturbance and a number of quasi-periodic magnetic disturbances. The "bay-shaped" synchronous disturbances in the field components X-, Y- and Z- measured at the West Samoa API station as 15 nT, 28 nT, and –13 nT, respectively, and lasted for 120 to 146 min. Their generation mechanism is associated with the formation of an ionospheric "hole" under the action of a blast wave. The time delay of the "bay-shaped" disturbances was close to 16 min. Among the quasiperiodic disturbances, the earlier ones observed at the API station demonstrated a 6 min delay time, being caused by an acoustic resonance of a 4.4 min period and a 2 nT amplitude in the field of a standing wave. In addition to the resonant oscillations, other groups of quasi-periodic disturbances were also observed, whose delay times increased gradually from 8.5 to 75 min. The apparent horizontal velocities in their case were 4.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.5, 0.31, and 0.2 km/s. Such velocities corresponded to slow magnetohydrodynamic waves, blast waves, atmospheric gravity waves, Lamb’s wave or a tsunami. At greater separations from the volcano, the time delays of disturbances in each of those groups demonstrated a trend toward increasing, which suggests a volcanic origin of the magnetic disturbances under discussion.Conclusions. The geomagnetic field disturbances observed in the near-field zone (up to 103 km from the volcano) differed qualitatively and quantitatively from the disturbances at larger separations (3 to 5)·103 kmKeywords: TTonga volcano, near-field zone, geomagnetic field, bay-like disturbance, quasi-stationary disturbance, time delay, apparent velocity, disturbance mechanismManuscript submitted 26.01.2023Radio phys. radio astron. 2026, 31(1): 011-025REFERENCES1. Adushkin, V.V., Rybnov, Y.S., and Spivak, A.A., 2022. Wave-Related, Electrical, and Magnetic Effects Due to the January 15, 2022 Catastrophic Eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcano. J. Volcanolog. Seismol, 16(4), pp. 251—263. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S07420463220400292. Astafyeva, E., Maletckii, B., Mikesell, T.D., Munaibari, E., Ravanelli, M., Coisson, P., Manta, F., and Rolland, L., 2022. The 15 January 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption history as inferred from ionospheric observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(10), id. e2022GL098827. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL0988273. Burt, S., 2022. Multiple airwaves crossing Britain and Ireland following the eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai on 15 January 2022. Weather. Special Issue: The January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai, 77(3), pp. 76—81. DOI: 10.1002/wea.41824. Carvajal, M., Sepúlveda, I., Gubler, A., and Garreaud, R., 2022. Worldwide signature of the 2022 Tonga volcanic tsunami. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(6), id. e2022GL098153. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL0981535. Chen, C.-H., Zhang, X., Sun, Y.-Y., Wang, F., Liu, T.-C., Lin, C.-Y., Gao, Y., Lyu, J., Jin, X., Zhao, X., Cheng, X., Zhang, P., Chen, Q., Zhang, D., Mao, Z., and Liu, J.-Y., 2022. Individual Wave Propagations in Ionosphere and Troposphere Triggered by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Underwater Volcano Eruption on 15 January 2022. Remote Sens., 14(9), id. 2179.6. Chernogor, L. F., 2023. Physical effects from the powerful Tonga volcanic eruption of January 15, 2022, in the Earth — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system. J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 253, id.106157. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2023.1061577. Poli, P., and Shapiro, N.M., 2022. Rapid Characterization of Large Volcanic Eruptions: Measuring the Impulse of the Hunga Tonga Ha’apai Explosion From Teleseismic Waves. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(8), id. e2022GL098123.8. Imamura, F., Suppasri, A., Arikawa, T., Koshimura, S., Satake, K., and Tanioka, Y., 2022. Preliminary Observations and Impact in Japan of the Tsunami Caused by the Tonga Volcanic Eruption on January 15, 2022. Pure Appl. Geophys., 179, pp. 1549—1560. DOI: 10.1007/s00024-022-03058-09. Kubota, T., Saito, T., and Nishida, K., 2022. Global fast-traveling tsunamis driven by atmospheric Lamb waves on the 2022 Tonga eruption. Science, 377(6601), pp. 91—94. DOI: 10.1126/science.abo436410. Ramírez-Herrera, M.T., Coca, O., and Vargas-Espinosa, V., 2022. Tsunami Effects on the Coast of Mexico by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Volcano Eruption, Tonga. Pure Appl. Geophys., 179, pp. 1117—1137. DOI: 10.1007/s00024-022-03017-911. Tanioka, Y., Yamanaka, Y., and Nakagaki, T., 2022. Characteristics of the deep sea tsunami excited offshore Japan due to the air wave from the 2022 Tonga eruption. Earth Planets Space, 74, id. 61. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-022-01614-512. Terry, J.P., Goff, J., Winspear, N., Bongolan, V. P., and Fisher, S., 2022. Tonga volcanic eruption and tsunami, January 2022: globally the most significant opportunity to observe an explosive and tsunamigenic submarine eruption since AD 1883 Krakatau. Geosci. Lett., 9, id. 24. DOI: 10.1186/s40562-022-00232-z13. Kulichkov, S.N., Chunchuzov, I.P., Popov, O.E., Gorchakov, G.I., Mishenin, A.A., Perepelkin, V.G., Bush, G.A., Skorokhod, A.I., Vinogradov, Yu.A., Semutnikova, E.G., Šepic, J., Medvedev, I.P., Gushchin, R.A., Kopeikin, V.M., Belikov, I.B., Gubanova, D.P., Karpov, A.V., and Tikhonov, A., 2022. V. Acoustic-Gravity Lamb Waves from the Eruption of the Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Hapai Volcano, Its Energy Release and Impact on Aerosol Concentrations and Tsunami. Pure Appl. Geophys., 179, pp. 1533—1548. DOI: 10.1007/s00024-022-03046-414. Lin, J.-T., Rajesh, P.K., Lin, C.C.H., Chou, M.-Y., Liu, J.-Y., Yue, J., Hsiao, T.-Y., Tsai, H.-F., Chao, H.-M., and Kung, M.-M., 2022. Rapid Conjugate Appearance of the Giant Ionospheric Lamb Wave Signatures in the Northern Hemisphere after Hunga-Tonga Volcano Eruptions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(8), id. e2022GL098222. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL09822215. Matoza, R.S., Fee, D., Assink, J.D., Iezzi, A.M., Green, D.N., Kim, K., Toney, L., Lecocq, T., Krishnamoorthy, S., Lalande, J.M., Nishida, K., Gee, K.L., Haney, M.M., Ortiz, H.D., Brissaud, Q., Martire, L., Rolland, L., Vergados, P., Nippress, A., Park, J., Shani-Kadmiel, S., Witsil, A., Arrowsmith, S., Caudron, C., Watada, S., Perttu, A.B., Taisne, B., Mialle, P., Le Pichon, A., Vergoz, J., Hupe, P., Blom, P.S., Waxler, R., De Angelis, S., Snively, J.B., Ringler, A.T., Anthony, R.E., Jolly, A.D., Kilgour, G., Averbuch, G., Ripepe, M., Ichihara, M., Arciniega-Ceballos, A., Astafyeva, E., Ceranna, L., Cevuard, S., Che, I.-Y., De Negri, R., Ebeling, C.W., Evers, L.G., Franco-Marin, L.E., Gabrielson, T.B., Hafner, K., Harrison, R.G., Komjathy, A., Lacanna, G., Lyons, J., Macpherson, K.A., Marchetti, E., McKee, K.F., Mellors, R.J., Mendo-Pérez, G., Mikesell, T.D., Munaibari, E., Oyola-Merced, M., Park, I., Pilger, C., Ramos, C., Ruiz, M.C., Sabatini, R., Schwaiger, H.F., Tailpied, D., Talmadge, C., Vidot, J., Webster, J., and Wilson, D.C., 2022. Atmospheric waves and global seismoacoustic observations of the January 2022 Hunga eruption, Tonga. Science, 377(6601), pp. 95—100. DOI: 10.1126/science.abo706316. Matoza, R.S., Fee, D., Assink, J.D., Iezzi, A.M., Green, D.N., Kim, K., Toney, L., Lecocq, T., Krishnamoorthy, S., Lalande, J.M., Nishida, K., Gee, K.L., Haney, M.M., Ortiz, H.D., Brissaud, Q., Martire, L., Rolland, L., Vergados, P., Nippress, A., Park, J., Shani-Kadmiel, S., Witsil, A., Arrowsmith, S., Caudron, C., Watada, S., Perttu, A.B., Taisne, B., Mialle, P., Le Pichon, A., Vergoz, J., Hupe, P., Blom, P.S., Waxler, R., De Angelis, S., Snively, J.B., Ringler, A.T., Anthony, R.E., Jolly, A.D., Kilgour, G., Averbuch, G., Ripepe, M., Ichihara, M., Arciniega-Ceballos, A., Astafyeva, E., Ceranna, L., Cevuard, S., Che, I.-Y., De Negri, R., Ebeling, C.W., Evers, L.G., Franco-Marin, L.E., Gabrielson, T.B., Hafner, K., Harrison, R.G., Komjathy, A., Lacanna, G., Lyons, J., Macpherson, K.A., Marchetti, E., McKee, K.F., Mellors, R.J., Mendo-Pérez, G., Mikesell, T.D., Munaibari, E., Oyola-Merced, M., Park, I., Pilger, C., Ramos, C., Ruiz, M.C., Sabatini, R., Schwaiger, H.F., Tailpied, D., Talmadge, C., Vidot, J., Webster, J., and Wilson, D.C., 2022. Supplementary Materials for Atmospheric waves and global seismoacoustic observations of the January 2022 Hunga eruption, Tonga. Science, 377(6601). DOI: 10.1126/science.abo706317. Otsuka, S., 2022. Visualizing Lamb waves from a volcanic eruption using meteorological satellite Himawari-8. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(8), id. e2022GL098324. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL09832418. Zhang, S.-R., Vierinen, J., Aa, E., Goncharenko, L.P., Erickson, P.J., Rideout, W., Coster, A.J., and Spicher, A., 2022. 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption Induced Global Propagation of Ionospheric Disturbances via Lamb Waves. Front. Astron. Space Sci., 9, id. 871275. DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2022.87127519. Chernogor, L.F., and Shevelev, M.B., 2024. A statistical study of the explosive waves launched by the Tonga super-volcano on January 15, 2022. Space Sci. & Technol., 30(1), pp. 66—79 (in Ukrainian). DOI: 10.15407/knit2024.01.06620. Aa, E., Zhang, S.-R., Erickson, P.J., Vierinen, J., Coster, A.J., Goncharenko, L.P., Spicher, A., and Rideout, W., 2022. Significant Ionospheric Hole and Equatorial Plasma Bubbles Aft er the 2022 Tonga Volcano Eruption. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(7), id. e2022SW003101. DOI: 10.1029/2022SW00310121. Harding, B.J., Wu, Y.-J.J., Alken, P., Yamazaki, Y., Triplett, C.C., Immel, T.J., Gasque, L.C., Mende, S.B., and Xiong, C., 2022. Impacts of the January 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption on the Ionospheric Dynamo: ICON-MIGHTI and Swarm Observations of Extreme Neutral Winds and Currents. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(9)id. e2022GL098577. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL09857722. Le, G., Liu, G., Yizengaw, E., and Englert, C.R., 2022. Intense equatorial electrojet and counter electrojet caused by the 15 January 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption: Space- and ground-based observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(11), id. e2022GL099002. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL09900223. Themens, D.R., Watson, C., Žagar, N., Vasylkevych, S., Elvidge, S., McCaffrey, A., Prikryl, P., Reid, B., Wood, A., Jayachandran, P.T., 2022. Global propagation of ionospheric disturbances associated with the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(7), id. e2022GL098158. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL09815824. Chernogor, L.F., 2023. Ionospheric total electron content variations caused by the Tonga volcano explosion of January 15, 2022. Space Sci. & Technol., 29(3), pp. 67—87 (in Ukrainian). DOI: 10.15407/knit2023.03.06725. Chernogor, L.F., and Mylovanov, Y.B., 2023. Electron Density Reduction Caused by the Tonga Volcano Eruption on January 15, 2022. Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies, 39(4), pp. 204—216 (in Ukrainian). DOI: 10.3103/S0884591323040037.26. Iyemori, T., Nishioka, M., Otsuka, Y., and Shinbori, A., 2022. A confirmation of vertical acoustic resonance and fieldaligned current eneration just after the 2022 Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption. Earth Planets Space, 74, id. 103. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-022-01653-y.27. Schnepf, N.R., Minami, T., Toh, H., and Nair, M.C., 2022. Magnetic Signatures of the 15 January 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcanic Eruption. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(10), id. e2022GL09845428. Soares, G., Yamazaki, Y., and Matzka, J., 2022. Localized geomagnetic disturbance due to ionospheric response to the Hunga Tonga eruption on January 15, 2022. Geophys. Res. Lett. DOI: 10.1002/essoar.10510482.129. Yamazaki, Y., Soares, G., and Matzka, J., 2022. Geomagnetic Detection of the Atmospheric Acoustic Resonance at 3.8 mHz During the Hunga Tonga Eruption Event on 15 January 2022. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 127(7), id. e2022JA030540.DOI: 10.1029/2022JA03054030. Chernogor, L.F., 2023. Global variations in the geomagnetic field caused by the explosion of the volcano Tonga on January 15, 2022. Space Sci. & Technol., 29(4), pp. 78—105 (in Ukrainian). DOI: 10.15407/knit2023.04.00631. Chernogor, L.F., and Holub, M. Yu., 2023. Bay-shaped variations in the geomagnetic field that accompanied the catastrophic explosion of the Tonga volcano on January 15, 2022. Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies, 39(5), pp. 247—260. DOI: 10.3103/S088459132305003332. Sorokin, V.M., and Fedorovich, G.V., 1982. The physics of slow MHD waves in the ionospheric plasma. Moscow: Energoatomizdat.33. Chernogor, L.F., Blaunstein, N., 2013. Radiophysical and Geomagnetic Eff ects of Rocket Burn and Launch in the Near-the-Earth Environment. Boca Raton, London, New York: CRC Press. Taylor & Francis Group. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.15407/rpra31.01.011 |
| first_indexed | 2026-03-25T02:00:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | rpra-journalorgua-article-1488 |
| institution | Radio physics and radio astronomy |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-03-26T16:19:09Z |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Видавничий дім «Академперіодика» |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | rpra-journalorgua-article-14882026-03-26T12:13:39Z GEOMAGNETIC NEAR FIELD DISTURBANCES AS GENERATED BY THE JANUARY 15, 2022 UNIQUE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO ЗБУРЕННЯ ГЕОМАГНІТНОГО ПОЛЯ У БЛИЖНІЙ ЗОНІ, ЗГЕНЕРОВАНІ УНІКАЛЬНИМ ВИБУХОМ ВУЛКАНУ ТОНГА 15 СІЧНЯ 2022 РОКУ Chernogor, L. F. Tonga volcano; near-field zone; geomagnetic field; bay-like disturbance; quasi-stationary disturbance; time delay; apparent velocity; disturbance mechanism вулкан Тонга; ближня зона; геомагнітне поле; бухтоподібне збурення; квазіперіодичне збурення; час запізнювання,;удавана швидкість; механізм збурення Subject and Purpose. The January 15, 2022 explosion of the Tonga volcano, unique in its power, led to significant disturbances of the Earth’s subsystems, including the lithosphere and the World Ocean — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system, plus the geophysical fields like the baric, the electric and the magnetic. A task of great importance is a detailed study of disturbances in all the subsystems and of the fields involved, in particular, a further study of geomagnetic field component variations (and such of their derivatives) that appear to be generated in the near-field zone by the unique explosion of January 15, 2022.Methods and Methodology. To analyze temporal variations of the geomagnetic field, data records of its three spatial components have been used, specifically of the X, Y, and Z, and of their time derivatives Ẋ, Ẏ, and Ż , as recorded at geomagnetic observatories (stations) of the INTERMAGNET network during the explosion. The measurement error never exceeded 0.1 nT. The time resolution was 1 min. The records obtained on the quieter days of January 13, 2022 and January 17, 2022 have been chosen as reference data.Results. Some specific features have been identified of the near-field geomagnetic effects that accompanied the powerful explosion of the Tonga volcano. The activity led to generation of an aperiodic "bay-shaped" disturbance and a number of quasi-periodic magnetic disturbances. The "bay-shaped" synchronous disturbances in the field components X-, Y- and Z- measured at the West Samoa API station as 15 nT, 28 nT, and –13 nT, respectively, and lasted for 120 to 146 min. Their generation mechanism is associated with the formation of an ionospheric "hole" under the action of a blast wave. The time delay of the "bay-shaped" disturbances was close to 16 min. Among the quasiperiodic disturbances, the earlier ones observed at the API station demonstrated a 6 min delay time, being caused by an acoustic resonance of a 4.4 min period and a 2 nT amplitude in the field of a standing wave. In addition to the resonant oscillations, other groups of quasi-periodic disturbances were also observed, whose delay times increased gradually from 8.5 to 75 min. The apparent horizontal velocities in their case were 4.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.5, 0.31, and 0.2 km/s. Such velocities corresponded to slow magnetohydrodynamic waves, blast waves, atmospheric gravity waves, Lamb’s wave or a tsunami. At greater separations from the volcano, the time delays of disturbances in each of those groups demonstrated a trend toward increasing, which suggests a volcanic origin of the magnetic disturbances under discussion.Conclusions. The geomagnetic field disturbances observed in the near-field zone (up to 103 km from the volcano) differed qualitatively and quantitatively from the disturbances at larger separations (3 to 5)·103 kmKeywords: TTonga volcano, near-field zone, geomagnetic field, bay-like disturbance, quasi-stationary disturbance, time delay, apparent velocity, disturbance mechanismManuscript submitted 26.01.2023Radio phys. radio astron. 2026, 31(1): 011-025REFERENCES1. Adushkin, V.V., Rybnov, Y.S., and Spivak, A.A., 2022. Wave-Related, Electrical, and Magnetic Effects Due to the January 15, 2022 Catastrophic Eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcano. J. Volcanolog. Seismol, 16(4), pp. 251—263. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S07420463220400292. Astafyeva, E., Maletckii, B., Mikesell, T.D., Munaibari, E., Ravanelli, M., Coisson, P., Manta, F., and Rolland, L., 2022. The 15 January 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption history as inferred from ionospheric observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(10), id. e2022GL098827. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL0988273. Burt, S., 2022. Multiple airwaves crossing Britain and Ireland following the eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai on 15 January 2022. Weather. Special Issue: The January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai, 77(3), pp. 76—81. DOI: 10.1002/wea.41824. Carvajal, M., Sepúlveda, I., Gubler, A., and Garreaud, R., 2022. Worldwide signature of the 2022 Tonga volcanic tsunami. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(6), id. e2022GL098153. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL0981535. Chen, C.-H., Zhang, X., Sun, Y.-Y., Wang, F., Liu, T.-C., Lin, C.-Y., Gao, Y., Lyu, J., Jin, X., Zhao, X., Cheng, X., Zhang, P., Chen, Q., Zhang, D., Mao, Z., and Liu, J.-Y., 2022. Individual Wave Propagations in Ionosphere and Troposphere Triggered by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Underwater Volcano Eruption on 15 January 2022. Remote Sens., 14(9), id. 2179.6. Chernogor, L. F., 2023. Physical effects from the powerful Tonga volcanic eruption of January 15, 2022, in the Earth — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system. J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 253, id.106157. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2023.1061577. Poli, P., and Shapiro, N.M., 2022. Rapid Characterization of Large Volcanic Eruptions: Measuring the Impulse of the Hunga Tonga Ha’apai Explosion From Teleseismic Waves. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(8), id. e2022GL098123.8. Imamura, F., Suppasri, A., Arikawa, T., Koshimura, S., Satake, K., and Tanioka, Y., 2022. Preliminary Observations and Impact in Japan of the Tsunami Caused by the Tonga Volcanic Eruption on January 15, 2022. Pure Appl. Geophys., 179, pp. 1549—1560. DOI: 10.1007/s00024-022-03058-09. Kubota, T., Saito, T., and Nishida, K., 2022. Global fast-traveling tsunamis driven by atmospheric Lamb waves on the 2022 Tonga eruption. Science, 377(6601), pp. 91—94. DOI: 10.1126/science.abo436410. Ramírez-Herrera, M.T., Coca, O., and Vargas-Espinosa, V., 2022. Tsunami Effects on the Coast of Mexico by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Volcano Eruption, Tonga. Pure Appl. Geophys., 179, pp. 1117—1137. DOI: 10.1007/s00024-022-03017-911. Tanioka, Y., Yamanaka, Y., and Nakagaki, T., 2022. Characteristics of the deep sea tsunami excited offshore Japan due to the air wave from the 2022 Tonga eruption. Earth Planets Space, 74, id. 61. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-022-01614-512. Terry, J.P., Goff, J., Winspear, N., Bongolan, V. P., and Fisher, S., 2022. Tonga volcanic eruption and tsunami, January 2022: globally the most significant opportunity to observe an explosive and tsunamigenic submarine eruption since AD 1883 Krakatau. Geosci. Lett., 9, id. 24. DOI: 10.1186/s40562-022-00232-z13. Kulichkov, S.N., Chunchuzov, I.P., Popov, O.E., Gorchakov, G.I., Mishenin, A.A., Perepelkin, V.G., Bush, G.A., Skorokhod, A.I., Vinogradov, Yu.A., Semutnikova, E.G., Šepic, J., Medvedev, I.P., Gushchin, R.A., Kopeikin, V.M., Belikov, I.B., Gubanova, D.P., Karpov, A.V., and Tikhonov, A., 2022. V. Acoustic-Gravity Lamb Waves from the Eruption of the Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Hapai Volcano, Its Energy Release and Impact on Aerosol Concentrations and Tsunami. Pure Appl. Geophys., 179, pp. 1533—1548. DOI: 10.1007/s00024-022-03046-414. Lin, J.-T., Rajesh, P.K., Lin, C.C.H., Chou, M.-Y., Liu, J.-Y., Yue, J., Hsiao, T.-Y., Tsai, H.-F., Chao, H.-M., and Kung, M.-M., 2022. Rapid Conjugate Appearance of the Giant Ionospheric Lamb Wave Signatures in the Northern Hemisphere after Hunga-Tonga Volcano Eruptions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(8), id. e2022GL098222. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL09822215. 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Yu., 2023. Bay-shaped variations in the geomagnetic field that accompanied the catastrophic explosion of the Tonga volcano on January 15, 2022. Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies, 39(5), pp. 247—260. DOI: 10.3103/S088459132305003332. Sorokin, V.M., and Fedorovich, G.V., 1982. The physics of slow MHD waves in the ionospheric plasma. Moscow: Energoatomizdat.33. Chernogor, L.F., Blaunstein, N., 2013. Radiophysical and Geomagnetic Eff ects of Rocket Burn and Launch in the Near-the-Earth Environment. Boca Raton, London, New York: CRC Press. Taylor & Francis Group. Предмет і мета роботи. Унікальний за потужністю вибух вулкану Тонга 15 січня 2022 р. призвів до значних збуреньусіх підсистем системи «Земля (літосфера, Світовий океан)— атмосфера — іоносфера — магнітосфера» та геофізичних полів (баричного, електричного, магнітного). Актуальною задачею є детальне вивчення збурень у всіх підсистемах і полях, зокрема, подальше дослідження особливостей варіацій компонент геомагнітного поля та їхніх похідних, згенерованих у ближній зоні унікальним вибухом вулкану Тонга 15 січня 2022 р.Методи та методологія.Для аналізу часових варіацій рівня геомагнітного поля використано дані реєстрації трьох компонент (X, Y і Z) та їхніх похідних (Ẋ, Ẏ, і Ż ), що були отримані геомагнітними обсерваторіями (станціями) мережі INTERMAGNET. Похибка вимірювань не перевищувала 0.1 нТл; роздільна здатність складала 1 хв. Як контрольні було обрано найбільш спокійні дні, а саме 13 та 17 січня 2022 р.Результати. Виявлено особливості геомагнітного ефекту у ближній зоні, що супроводжував потужний вибух вулкану Тонга. Активність вулкану викликала генерацію аперіодичного бухтоподібного збурення та низки квазіперіодичних збурень. Бухтоподібні синхронні збурення в X-, Y- і Z-компонентах на станції API, пов’язані з утворенням під дією вибухової хвилі іоносферної «діри», складали відповідно 15, 28 і –13 нТл і тривали 120...146 хв. Час запізнювання бухтоподібних збурень був близький до 16 хв. Першими на станції API спостерігалися квазіперіодичні збурення, що мали час запізнювання 6 хв і були обумовлені акустичним резонансом з періодом 4.4 хв і амплітудою 2 нТл у полі стоячої хвилі. Час запізнювання інших груп квазіперіодичних коливань поступово збільшувався від 8.5 до 75 хв. Вдавані горизонтальні швидкості при цьому складали 4.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.5, 0.31 і 0.2 км/с. Їм відповідають повільні магнітогідродинамічні хвилі, вибухова хвиля, атмосферна гравітаційна хвиля, хвиля Лемба та цунамі. Зі збільшенням відстані від вулкану спостерігалася тенденція до збільшення часу запізнювання збурень у кожній групі, що свідчило про вулканічне походження магнітних збурень.Висновки. Збурення геомагнітного поля у ближній зоні (до 1 тис. км від вулкану) відрізнялися якісно та кількісно від збурень на більших відстанях (3...5 тис. км).Ключові слова: вулкан Тонга, ближня зона, геомагнітне поле, бухтоподібне збурення, квазіперіодичне збурення, час запізнювання, удавана швидкість, механізм збуренняСтаття надійшла до редакції 26.01.2023Radio phys. radio astron. 2026, 31(1): 011-025БІБЛІОГРАФІЧНИЙ СПИСОК1. Adushkin V.V., Rybnov Y.S., and Spivak A.A. Wave-Related, Electrical, and Magnetic Effects Due to the January 15, 2022 Catastrophic Eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcano. J. Volcanolog. Seismol. 2022. Vol. 16, Iss. 4. P. 251—263. DOI: 10.1134/S07420463220400292. Astafyeva E., Maletckii B., Mikesell T.D., Munaibari E., Ravanelli M., Coisson P., Manta F., and Rolland L. The 15 January 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption history as inferred from ionospheric observations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2022. Vol. 49, Iss. 10, id. e2022GL098827.3. Burt S. 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| spellingShingle | Tonga volcano near-field zone geomagnetic field bay-like disturbance quasi-stationary disturbance time delay apparent velocity disturbance mechanism Chernogor, L. F. GEOMAGNETIC NEAR FIELD DISTURBANCES AS GENERATED BY THE JANUARY 15, 2022 UNIQUE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO |
| title | GEOMAGNETIC NEAR FIELD DISTURBANCES AS GENERATED BY THE JANUARY 15, 2022 UNIQUE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO |
| title_alt | ЗБУРЕННЯ ГЕОМАГНІТНОГО ПОЛЯ У БЛИЖНІЙ ЗОНІ, ЗГЕНЕРОВАНІ УНІКАЛЬНИМ ВИБУХОМ ВУЛКАНУ ТОНГА 15 СІЧНЯ 2022 РОКУ |
| title_full | GEOMAGNETIC NEAR FIELD DISTURBANCES AS GENERATED BY THE JANUARY 15, 2022 UNIQUE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO |
| title_fullStr | GEOMAGNETIC NEAR FIELD DISTURBANCES AS GENERATED BY THE JANUARY 15, 2022 UNIQUE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO |
| title_full_unstemmed | GEOMAGNETIC NEAR FIELD DISTURBANCES AS GENERATED BY THE JANUARY 15, 2022 UNIQUE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO |
| title_short | GEOMAGNETIC NEAR FIELD DISTURBANCES AS GENERATED BY THE JANUARY 15, 2022 UNIQUE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO |
| title_sort | geomagnetic near field disturbances as generated by the january 15, 2022 unique explosion of the tonga volcano |
| topic | Tonga volcano near-field zone geomagnetic field bay-like disturbance quasi-stationary disturbance time delay apparent velocity disturbance mechanism |
| topic_facet | Tonga volcano near-field zone geomagnetic field bay-like disturbance quasi-stationary disturbance time delay apparent velocity disturbance mechanism вулкан Тонга ближня зона геомагнітне поле бухтоподібне збурення квазіперіодичне збурення час запізнювання,;удавана швидкість механізм збурення |
| url | http://rpra-journal.org.ua/index.php/ra/article/view/1488 |
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