Фiзична природа водневого зв’язку

• Date: 2019
• Main Authors: Zhyganiuk, I. V., Malomuzh, M. P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English; Ukrainian
• Published: Publishing house "Academperiodika" 2019
• Subjects: водневi валентнi коливання молекули води; зсув частоти; H-зв’язки; електростатична природа
• Online Access: https://ujp.bitp.kiev.ua/index.php/ujp/article/view/2019187
• Journal Title: Ukrainian Journal of Physics

The physical nature and the correct definition of hydrogen bond (H-bond) are considered. The influence of H-bonds on the thermodynamic, kinetic, and spectroscopic properties of water is analyzed. The conventional model of H-bonds as sharply directed and saturated bridges between water molecules is incompatible with the behavior of the specific volume, evaporation heat, and self-diffusion and kinematic shear viscosity coefficients of water. On the other hand, it is shown that the variation of the dipole moment of a water molecule and the frequency shift of valence vibrations of a hydroxyl group can be totally explained in the framework of the electrostatic model of H-bond. At the same time, the temperature dependences of the heat capacity of water in the liquid and vapor states clearly testify to the existence of weak H-bonds. The analysis of a water dimer shows that the contribution of weak H-bonds to its ground state energy is approximately 4–5 times lower in comparison with the energy of electrostatic interaction between water molecules. A conclusion is made that H-bonds have the same nature in all other cases where they occur.