RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS
Abstract. Municipal solid waste disposal is one of the main problems worldwide. Among the technologies for the energy use of municipal solid waste, the most common and one of the most efficient is the tech-nology of incineration of this waste in cogeneration plants for the production of electricity...
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| author | Sniezhkin , Y. Petrova , Zh. Samoilenko , K. Novikova , Y. Vyshnievska, T. |
| author_facet | Sniezhkin , Y. Petrova , Zh. Samoilenko , K. Novikova , Y. Vyshnievska, T. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "Y. Sniezhkin ",
"institution": "Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine"
},
{
"author": "Zh. Petrova ",
"institution": "Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine"
},
{
"author": "K. Samoilenko ",
"institution": "Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine"
},
{
"author": "Y. Novikova ",
"institution": "Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine"
},
{
"author": " T. Vyshnievska",
"institution": "Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine"
}
] |
| author_sort | Sniezhkin , Y. |
| baseUrl_str | https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-18T06:32:21Z |
| description | Abstract. Municipal solid waste disposal is one of the main problems worldwide. Among the technologies for the energy use of municipal solid waste, the most common and one of the most efficient is the tech-nology of incineration of this waste in cogeneration plants for the production of electricity and heat. The production of highly effi-cient composite fuels based on municipal solid waste is of considera-ble scientific interest because it requires the development of appro-priate energy-saving technologies. The creation of fuels based on municipal solid waste and biomass allows to reduce CO2 emissions during combustion. When incinerating municipal solid waste with high humidity, most of the energy will be spent on drying it. There-fore, it is advisable to dry solid waste. However, the drying stage is characterized by high energy consumption. Therefore, the paper first considers the study of sorption of fuels based on municipal solid waste and biomass. Sorption studies make it possible to determine the equilibrium moisture content to which drying should be carried out and will further reduce energy consumption for the process. The study to determine the equilibrium moisture content of composite fuels depending on the relative humidity of the air used the Van Bamelen strain (static) method. As a result of the research, it was determined that the moisture content of the fuel does not exceed the standard. At the same time, it was found that the addition of a large amount of polyethylene reduces the equilib-rium humidity. Storage of the composite at a relative humidity of 60 % for fuel composition 1 with a polyethylene content of 40 % is 4.5 %; for fuel composition 2 – 4.9 %; for fuel composition 3 – 6.3 %. Bibl. 30, fig. 5, tab. 2. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.36296/1819-8058.2025.1(80).159-167 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T11:39:55Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
159
Відновлювана енергетика. №1/2025 | Біоенергетика
УДК 502.174:504.062 https://doi.org/10.36296/1819-8058.2025.1(80)159-167
RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS
Received Nov. 20, 2024; accepted Mar. 14, 2025
Available online Apr. 01, 2025
Sniezhkin Y.1, Petrova Zh.2, Samoilenko K.3,
Novikova Y.4, Vyshnievska T.5
Author for correspondence: Petrova Zhanna,
e-mail: bergelzhanna@ukr.net
Abstract. Municipal solid waste disposal is one of the main problems
worldwide. Among the technologies for the energy use of municipal
solid waste, the most common and one of the most efficient is the
tech-nology of incineration of this waste in cogeneration plants for
the production of electricity and heat. The production of highly effi-
cient composite fuels based on municipal solid waste is of considera-
ble scientific interest because it requires the development of appro-
priate energy-saving technologies. The creation of fuels based on
municipal solid waste and biomass allows to reduce CO2 emissions
during combustion. When incinerating municipal solid waste with
high humidity, most of the energy will be spent on drying it. There-
fore, it is advisable to dry solid waste. However, the drying stage is characterized by high energy consumption.
Therefore, the paper first considers the study of sorption of fuels based on municipal solid waste and biomass.
Sorption studies make it possible to determine the equilibrium moisture content to which drying should be carried
out and will further reduce energy consumption for the process. The study to determine the equilibrium moisture
content of composite fuels depending on the relative humidity of the air used the Van Bamelen strain (static)
method. As a result of the research, it was determined that the moisture content of the fuel does not exceed the
standard. At the same time, it was found that the addition of a large amount of polyethylene reduces the equilib-
rium humidity. Storage of the composite at a relative humidity of 60 % for fuel composition 1 with a polyethylene
content of 40 % is 4.5 %; for fuel composition 2 – 4.9 %; for fuel composition 3 – 6.3 %. Bibl. 30, fig. 5, tab. 2.
Keywords: municipal solid waste, biomass, equilibrium humidity, adsorption.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СОРБЦІЇ КОМПОЗИТІВ НА ОСНОВІ ТВЕРДИХ ПОБУТОВИХ ВІДХОДІВ ТА БІОМАСИ
Отримано 20 лис. 2024 р.; рекомендовано до публікації 14 бер. 2025 р.
Доступно онлайн 01 квіт. 2025 р.
Снєжкін Ю. Ф.1, Петрова Ж. О.2, Самойленко К. М.3,
Новікова Ю. П.4, Вишнєвська Т. А.5
Автор для кореспонденції: Петрова Жанна,
e-mail: bergelzhanna@ukr.net
Анотація. Утилізація твердих побутових відходів є однією з
головних проблем у всьому світі. Серед технологій енерге-
тичного використання твердих побутових відходів найпо-
ширенішою і однією з найефективніших є технологія спалю-
вання цих відходів у когенераційних установках з виробницт-
вом електричної й теплової енергії. Одержання високоефек-
тивних композитних палив на основі твердих побутових ві-
дходів становить значний науковий інтерес, оскільки пот-
ребує розробки відповідних енергоощадних технологій.
Створення палива на основі твердих побутових відходів та
1 Academician of the NAS of Ukraine, Dr.
of Tech. Sciences, Professor
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9049-3392
2 Corresponding Member of the NAS of
Ukraine, Dr. of Tech. Sciences, Professor,
Chief Researcher
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-8495
3 Cand. of Tech. Sciences, Senior
Researcher
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5169-4466
4 PhD, Senior Researcher
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6705-1000
5 Junior Researcher
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-4175
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Institute of Engineering
Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine,
Kyiv, Ukraine
1 Академік НАН України, д-р техн. наук,
професор
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9049-3392
2 Член-кореспондент НАН України, д-р
техн. наук, професор, головний науко-
вий співробітник
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-8495
3 канд. техн. наук, ст. наук. співроб.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5169-4466
4 д-р філософії, наук. співроб.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6705-1000
5 мол. наук. співроб.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-4175
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Інститут технічної теплофізики
НАН України, Київ, Україна
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Відновлювана енергетика. №1/2025 | Біоенергетика
біомаси дозволяє при спалюванні зменшити викиди СО2. При проведені спалювання твердих побуто-
вих відходів з високою вологістю, більша частина енергії йтиме на їх сушіння. Тому доцільне сушіння
ТПВ. Але при цьому стадія сушіння характеризується великими витратами енергії. Тому в роботі
вперше розглянуто дослідження сорбції палив на основі твердих побутових відходів та біомаси. Сор-
бційні дослідження дасть змогу визначати рівноважний вологовміст, до якого потрібно проводити
сушіння, та в подальшому дозволить зменшувати енерговитрати на процес. У дослідженнях з визна-
чення рівноважного вологовмісту композитного палива залежно від відносної вологості повітря
застосовували тензометричний (статичний) метод Ван Бамелена. Внаслідок досліджень визначено,
що вологість палива не перевищує стандартну. При цьому встановлено, що додавання великої кіль-
кості поліетилену, знижує рівноважну вологість. Зберігання композиту при відносній вологості пові-
тря 60 % для складу палива 1 з вмістом поліетилену 40% –4,5 %; для складу палива 2 – 4,9 %; для складу
палива 3 – 6,3 %.
Бібл. 30, рис. 5, табл. 2.
Ключові слова: тверді побутові відходи, біомаса, рівноважна вологість, адсорбція.
List of designations and abbreviations used:
MSW – municipal solid waste
RDF – refuse derived fuel
– relative air humidity, %
Wd – moisture content of the material, referred to the
weight of the dry material, %
Wde – moisture content equilibrium of the material, re-
ferred to the weight of the dry material, %
τ – adsorption duration, day
Introduction. Municipal solid waste (MSW) reflects the cul-
ture of the people who generate it, which subsequently af-
fects health and the environment as a whole. Every year,
more and more waste is being produced globally, and its
composition is becoming more complex as plastic and elec-
tronic consumer goods become more widespread [1].
New research on municipal solid waste (MSW) is gaining in-
creasing attention due to urbanization, industrialization
and population growth. Global MSW production is ex-
pected to reach 3.4 billion tonnes by 2050 [2, 3].
MSW is defined as any type of waste generated by house-
holds, industries or institutions [4-6]. Municipal solid waste
(MSW) includes food waste, paper, plastic, clothing, metal,
glass, and hazardous household waste (light bulbs, batter-
ies, disposed medicines, and car parts) [4, 7].
Most MSW and wastewater is collected, reused, and recy-
cled in industrialized countries, but collection and appropri-
ate disposal is not yet a reality in most developing coun-
tries, let alone well-designed municipal wastewater
treatment plants [8, 9].
The natural decomposition of MSW also produces carbon
dioxide and methane, while improper control can lead to
severe climate impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions
[10]. In addition, some MSW lead to a number of unin-
tended consequences, such as pollution of oceans and seas,
flooding and the transmission of infections through vector
breeding [11]. This poses a risk not only to the environ-
ment, but also to all living organisms, as air, water and soil
pollution is directly related to improper waste manage-
ment practices [12, 13].
In most countries, sorting household waste is mandatory,
which helps reduce the number of harmful substances and
their impact on the environment and human health. Sort-
ing also allows for better utilization of solid waste.
After sorting, thermal treatment, such as incineration, gas-
ification and pyrolysis, reduces the volume of waste and
produces energy [2]. Gasification is used due to its regu-
lated scope, diverse product applications and easy storage
[14, 15]. Gasification allows the conversion of MSW into
synthetic gas (mainly CO, CH4, CO2 and H2), which is further
used to produce energy products such as biomethane, bio-
oil, power and heat [16]. Gasification in industrial applica-
tions offers the advantage of a higher level of feedstock ho-
mogeneity than combustion, which affects product purity
and process stability [17, 18].
Incineration is the primary method of MSW treatment [19],
which is economical, significantly reduces the volume of
waste and makes it possible to generate electricity. Thus,
incineration reduces the volume of waste by 90% and the
weight by almost 80% [20]. However, the heat or electricity
generated by incineration is difficult to store [16].
The National Waste Management Strategy for Ukraine [21]
and the Law of Ukraine ‘On Waste Management’ [22] envis-
age a transition from landfill disposal to a system of inte-
grated municipal solid waste (MSW) management. One of
the objectives of the Strategy is to increase the level of solid
waste recycling, namely the commissioning of waste pro-
cessing plants and the creation of facilities for the production
of refuse derived fuel (RDF). Unlike direct incineration of
MSW, RDF combustion is more efficient due to its higher cal-
orific value and less negative impact on the environment.
Such an approach to solid waste will help to solve the na-
tional problem of ensuring Ukraine's energy security, which
is related to the need to replace fossil fuels with alternative
and renewable energy sources. Under martial law, this
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Відновлювана енергетика. №1/2025 | Біоенергетика
problem is of particular relevance. The involvement of solid
household waste in the energy balance of Ukraine is one of
the most important ways to replace fossil fuels.
One of the main indicators that limits the use of RDF is
greenhouse gas emissions. When replacing coal with RDF,
the water content should be less than 15%. In this case, the
net emission reduction is 0.4 tonnes of CO2/tonne of coal
[23]. In most cases, RDF is usually combusted with biomass
to reduce the total amount of reported CO2 emissions, as
biomass is considered carbon-neutral [24, 25].
The prospects of introducing MSW recycling technologies
in Ukraine require taking into account local peculiarities to
create an optimal technical solution, taking into account
domestic conditions and international experience.
Setting the task. Among the currently available clean tech-
nologies for MSW processing, the following typical pro-
cesses should be highlighted: direct combustion technolo-
gies with proper temperatures in the combustion chamber
using deep cleaning systems for combustion products (e.g.
carbon filters); technologies for steam and oxygen gasifica-
tion of unsorted MSW; technologies for RDF gasification in
a circulating fluidized bed (CFB); technologies for RDF gasi-
fication using air blowing in a fluidized bed with intensive
internal circulation; technologies for RDF combustion in a
CFB [26]. Where these processes are carried out with ma-
terial with high moisture content, most of the energy will
be spent on drying. Therefore, drying of MSW is advisable.
However, the drying stage is characterized by high energy
consumption. Drying processes account for about 40-50%
of total energy consumption, and in the case of drying MSW
with high moisture content, the cost increases to 70%. Low
energy efficiency is inherent in the stages of raw material
preparation, which affects the energy efficiency of produc-
tion in general and the cost of fuel.
The equilibrium moisture content is important for the de-
velopment of technologies for obtaining composites based
on municipal solid waste and biomass, which makes it pos-
sible to determine the final moisture content during drying,
as well as storage conditions. Sorption studies allow deter-
mining the equilibrium moisture content to which drying
should be carried out and will further reduce energy con-
sumption for the process. Taking into account the above,
the aim of this work is to conduct sorption studies of the
developed fuels based on municipal solid waste with the
addition of biomass.
Equilibrium moisture content is the moisture content at
which a material neither gains nor loses moisture. The equi-
librium moisture content depends on the relative humidity
and temperature of the air in contact with the material. The
rate at which this occurs depends on the material's proper-
ties, the ratio of surface area to volume of the object, and
the rate of moisture transport [26]. The equilibrium mois-
ture content is one of the key indicators during storage,
which determines the final moisture content and the en-
ergy cost of the dehydration process [27, 28].
To determine the equilibrium moisture content of the sam-
ples under study depending on the relative humidity of the
air , the Van Bamelen strain gauge (static) method was
used [27, 28]. The essence of this method is that a sample
of material with a given moisture content is kept in an ex-
citer over an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. The known
concentration of the solution corresponds to a specific par-
tial vapor pressure at a given temperature, i.e., the corre-
sponding value of the relative pressure p/ps.
In the adsorption process, the partial pressure of vapor is
the transfer potential. The equilibrium of the system occurs
when, at the same temperature of air and material, the par-
tial pressures of air vapor pv air and vapor in a thin layer
above the material pv mat are equal. That is, pv air = pv mat. Un-
der these conditions, the material is exposed to a constant
humidity Wp, which is called equilibrium, and the equilib-
rium of the system is understood only as dynamic. When
the material absorbs water, pv > pv mat, adsorption occurs,
and when it releases water (pv pv mat), desorption occurs.
In the equilibrium state, the moisture content of the mate-
rial Wp is the same at any point of the material.
The content of water vapor in air is determined by the rel-
ative humidity , which is equal to the ratio of the partial
pressure of air vapor pv and the saturation pressure pnas at
the same temperature above water.
The samples were periodically weighed on an analytical bal-
ance with an accuracy of ±0.0001 g, and the sample weight
was measured until a constant weight was reached at
which the moisture content corresponded to the equilib-
rium.
Since the reference literature shows the dependence of
water vapor pressure over sulfuric acid solutions in mm Hg
on the concentration of H2SO4 in weight %, this pressure
was converted to relative humidity φ using Formula 1:
Sp
p
= (1)
where p and ps are the partial pressure above the material
and the saturation pressure of water vapor at a pressure of
760 mmHg and temperatures covering the possible range
of their change in the experiment.
We can take the dependence of water vapor pressure over
solutions on wt. % H2SO4 in the solution (i.e., its concentra-
tion), as well as the dependence of the H2SO4 content in
grams per 100 g of solution and per 1 liter of solution on
the density of the solution in g/cm3 at 20 ˚C for an acid with
a density of 1.8305 from the reference books [29].
Since the study of equilibrium moisture content is carried
out in the range of relative humidity = 0.4 - 0.9, which is
typical for production conditions, the required characteris-
tics of sulfuric acid were determined from reference data
[27]. Following the technique of solution preparation, 4 so-
lutions were prepared for 4 different φ in the range from
0.4 to 0.9.
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The test material was weighed in 1 g in weighing bottles. To
reduce random errors, the experiments were carried out
with two parallel samples. The weighing bottles were dried
to a constant weight in an electric drying oven at 105˚C for
6 hours. After drying, the samples were weighed. The bins
with the open lid were placed in the desiccator according
to the experimental protocol. The lid of the desiccator was
securely closed. The samples were stored in the desiccator
for 23 days until equilibration with the environment.
Weighing the bunches with weights was carried out on a
laboratory analytical balance VLR - 200 g with a tolerance
of 0.5 mg. The temperature, ambient air pressure and time
were also recorded in the experiment. The samples were
weighed until they reached a constant mass. The experi-
ments were carried out at an ambient air temperature
ranging from 20 ± 0.5 °C.
Since it is advisable to calculate the equilibrium moisture
content in relation to the absolutely dry mass of the mate-
rial, this value remains unchanged during the sorption-de-
sorption (drying-moistening) processes, the moisture ab-
sorbed by the material was referred to the mass of the
absolutely dry material when processing all experimental
data.
Thus, the sorption isotherms Wd
p = f(φ) in the studied range
of relative humidity and the sorption kinetics curves Wd =
f(τ) were obtained, since the experimental design also pro-
vides for the possibility of recording changes in the mois-
ture content of the samples over time.
Among the components of MSW, its main combustible
components can be distinguished, since the processing of
MSW for fuel mainly involves waste sorting and separation
of combustible components. Paper and cardboard, plastic
and textiles account for the largest share of combustible
MSW components [30, 31]. When creating the fuel compo-
sitions shown in Table 1, the focus was on the combustible
components of MSW [32], for which technological instruc-
tions were developed at the Institute of Engineering Ther-
mophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
and a patent application was filed [33].
Sorption studies were carried out for fuels based on munic-
ipal solid waste listed in Table 1.
Table 1. Fuel composition
Fuel composition Fuel composition 1 Fuel composition 2 Fuel composition 3
Carton 25 30 30
Polyethylene 40 25 25
Fabric 15 15 15
Corn residues 20 30
Sunflower residues 30
Research results. Fig. 1 shows the kinetic curves of water
vapor adsorption by fuel composition 1 obtained from the
experiments. The adsorption kinetic curves indicate a slow
process, with small jumps at φ = 0.9 on days 14 and 21.
For the fuel of composition 1, at a value of φ = 0.4 (Fig. 1,
curve 1), the equilibrium state is established on day 8; at φ
= 0.6 (Fig. 1, curve 2) on day 8; at φ = 0.8 (Fig. 1, curve 3) on
day 15; at φ = 0.9 (Fig. 1, curve 4) on day 23. The equilibrium
moisture content of fuel composition 1 at φ = 0.6 is 4.7 %.
Fig. 2 shows the kinetic curves of fuel composition 2. The
kinetic curves at φ = 0.4 and φ = 0.6 are uniform, and at φ
= 0.8 there are jumps at day 14 and day 21. At φ = 0.9, the
kinetic curve is the most uneven. For the fuel of composi-
tion 2, the equilibrium state is established at φ = 0.4 (Fig. 2,
curve 1) on day 8; at φ = 0.6 (Fig. 2, curve 2) on day 8; at φ
= 0.8 (Fig. 2, curve 3) on day 14; at φ = 0.9 (Fig. 2, curve 4)
on day 23. The equilibrium moisture content of fuel com-
position 2 at φ =0.6 is 5.2 %.
As can be seen from the kinetic curves of fuel adsorption of
composition 3 (Fig. 3), the equilibrium state is established
at φ = 0.4 (Fig. 3, curve 1) on day 8; at φ = 0.6 (Fig. 3, curve
2) on day 16; at φ = 0.8 (Fig. 3, curve 3) on day 16; at φ =
0.9 (Fig. 3, curve 4) on day 23. The equilibrium moisture
content of fuel composition 3 at φ = 0.6 is 6.8 %. At the
same time, it can be observed that the kinetic curve at φ =
0.6 has a jump on day 15.
The analysis of the experimental isotherms allows us to re-
late them to type IV adsorption isotherms according to the
Brunauer, Deming, Deming and Teller (BDDT) classification.
Type IV isotherms are observed in inorganic oxides and
other porous bodies, and they also have a hysteresis loop
[31]. The existing hysteresis loops are a consequence of the
irreversibility of evaporation and condensation processes.
On the experimental curves, the hysteresis loops are lo-
cated in the low relative pressure region and can be ex-
plained by the material characteristics and the property of
water as an adsorbate. At higher relative pressures, the iso-
therms are reversed and the curve will ‘fly up’ [32].
The adsorption isotherm curves of fuels obtained from the
results of experimental studies to determine the equilib-
rium moisture content are shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 4 shows the isotherms of water vapor adsorption by
fuel. As can be seen, the fuel of composition 1 with the
highest amount of polyethylene (curve 1) has the lowest
equilibrium moisture content compared to the others due
to its high polyethene content (40 %). Fuel composition 2
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Відновлювана енергетика. №1/2025 | Біоенергетика
and fuel composition 3 have almost the same percentage
of municipal solid waste materials, but different added bi-
omass. The fuel of composition 3 (curve 2) with the addi-
tion of sunflower residues has the highest moisture content
compared to the fuel of composition 2 (curve 2) with the
addition of corn residues. At the same time, they have
equal moisture content at φ = 0.8, which indicates the same
influence of biomass.
At φ = 0.6, the equilibrium moisture content of all samples
is different, which indicates a heterogeneous material com-
position. The equilibrium moisture content for fuel of com-
position 1 (curve 1, Fig. 4) is about 4.7 %; for fuel of compo-
sition 2 (curve 2, Fig. 4) - 5.2 %; for fuel of composition 3
(curve 3, Fig. 4) - 6.8 %.
Table 2 shows the equations for the experimental sorption
isotherms of fuels.
Fig. 1. Kinetic curves of water vapor adsorption by fuel composition 1:
1 – φ = 0.4; 2 – φ = 0.6; 3 – φ = 0.8; 4 – φ = 0.9
Fig. 2. Kinetic curves of water vapor adsorption by fuel of composition 2:
1 – φ = 0.4; 2 – φ = 0.6; 3 – φ = 0.8; 4 – φ = 0.9
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Відновлювана енергетика. №1/2025 | Біоенергетика
Fig. 3. Kinetic curves of water vapor adsorption by fuel of composition 3:
1 – φ = 0.4; 2 – φ = 0.6; 3 – φ = 0.8; 4 – φ = 0.9
Fig. 4. Isotherms of water vapor adsorption by fuel:
1 – fuel of composition 1; 2 – fuel of composition 2; 3 – fuel of composition 3
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Table 2. Equations of experimental adsorption isotherms
Material Equations of experimental isotherms
Fuel composition 1 Wd = 105,08φ 3 - 197,93φ 2 + 129,88φ - 24,579
Fuel composition 2 Wd = -100,66φ 3 + 201,86φ 2 - 114,35φ + 22,906
Fuel composition 3 Wd = 214,44 φ 3 - 375,55 φ 2 + 219,41 φ - 35,965
Fig. 5 shows the equilibrium moisture content of fuel compositions at φ = 0.6 %.
Fig. 5. Equilibrium moisture content of materials at φ = 0.6%:
1 – fuel of composition 1; 2 – fuel of composition 2; 3 – fuel of composition 3
Conclusions. For the first time, adsorption studies of fuels
based on municipal solid waste developed at the Institute
of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of
Sciences of Ukraine were carried out, which allowed
determining their equilibrium moisture content. The
equilibrium moisture content of composite RDF to reduce
energy consumption during drying of the material was
determined to be 4.7-6.8 % and not exceeding the standard
moisture content for fuel. The lowest moisture content of
4.7 % is for fuel composition 1 with a polyethylene content
of 40 %. Their equilibrium moisture content is 4.9 % for fuel
of composition 2 at 60 % air humidity and 6.3 % for fuel of
composition 3, which is explained by a significant organic
component. It is also recommended to maintain the air
humidity at 60-70 % during storage of the created
composite RDF in warehouses in order to stabilize their
technological properties.
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|
| id | veorgua-article-519 |
| institution | Vidnovluvana energetika |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-19T01:15:27Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Institute of Renewable Energy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | veorgua/47/47fc2042f7a0efc3e2cec5efe510c647.pdf |
| spelling | veorgua-article-5192026-07-18T06:32:21Z RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СОРБЦІЇ КОМПОЗИТІВ НА ОСНОВІ ТВЕРДИХ ПОБУТОВИХ ВІДХОДІВ ТА БІОМАСИ Sniezhkin , Y. Petrova , Zh. Samoilenko , K. Novikova , Y. Vyshnievska, T. Abstract. Municipal solid waste disposal is one of the main problems worldwide. Among the technologies for the energy use of municipal solid waste, the most common and one of the most efficient is the tech-nology of incineration of this waste in cogeneration plants for the production of electricity and heat. The production of highly effi-cient composite fuels based on municipal solid waste is of considera-ble scientific interest because it requires the development of appro-priate energy-saving technologies. The creation of fuels based on municipal solid waste and biomass allows to reduce CO2 emissions during combustion. When incinerating municipal solid waste with high humidity, most of the energy will be spent on drying it. There-fore, it is advisable to dry solid waste. However, the drying stage is characterized by high energy consumption. Therefore, the paper first considers the study of sorption of fuels based on municipal solid waste and biomass. Sorption studies make it possible to determine the equilibrium moisture content to which drying should be carried out and will further reduce energy consumption for the process. The study to determine the equilibrium moisture content of composite fuels depending on the relative humidity of the air used the Van Bamelen strain (static) method. As a result of the research, it was determined that the moisture content of the fuel does not exceed the standard. At the same time, it was found that the addition of a large amount of polyethylene reduces the equilib-rium humidity. Storage of the composite at a relative humidity of 60 % for fuel composition 1 with a polyethylene content of 40 % is 4.5 %; for fuel composition 2 – 4.9 %; for fuel composition 3 – 6.3 %. Bibl. 30, fig. 5, tab. 2. Анотація. Утилізація твердих побутових відходів є однією з головних проблем у всьому світі. Серед технологій енерге-тичного використання твердих побутових відходів найпо-ширенішою і однією з найефективніших є технологія спалю-вання цих відходів у когенераційних установках з виробницт-вом електричної й теплової енергії. Одержання високоефективних композитних палив на основі твердих побутових ві-дходів становить значний науковий інтерес, оскільки пот-ребує розробки відповідних енергоощадних технологій. Створення палива на основі твердих побутових відходів та біомаси дозволяє при спалюванні зменшити викиди СО2. При проведені спалювання твердих побуто-вих відходів з високою вологістю, більша частина енергії йтиме на їх сушіння. Тому доцільне сушіння ТПВ. Але при цьому стадія сушіння характеризується великими витратами енергії. Тому в роботі вперше розглянуто дослідження сорбції палив на основі твердих побутових відходів та біомаси. Сор-бційні дослідження дасть змогу визначати рівноважний вологовміст, до якого потрібно проводити сушіння, та в подальшому дозволить зменшувати енерговитрати на процес. У дослідженнях з визна-чення рівноважного вологовмісту композитного палива залежно від відносної вологості повітря застосовували тензометричний (статичний) метод Ван Бамелена. Внаслідок досліджень визначено, що вологість палива не перевищує стандартну. При цьому встановлено, що додавання великої кіль-кості поліетилену, знижує рівноважну вологість. Зберігання композиту при відносній вологості пові-тря 60 % для складу палива 1 з вмістом поліетилену 40% –4,5 %; для складу палива 2 – 4,9 %; для складу палива 3 – 6,3 %.Бібл. 30, рис. 5, табл. 2. Institute of Renewable Energy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2025-04-01 Article Article application/pdf https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/519 10.36296/1819-8058.2025.1(80).159-167 Vidnovluvana energetika ; No. 1(80) (2025): Scientific and applied Journal renewable energy ; 159-167 Возобновляемая энергетика; ##issue.no## 1(80) (2025): Scientific and applied Journal renewable energy ; 159-167 Відновлювана енергетика; № 1(80) (2025): Науково-прикладний журнал Відновлювана енергетика; 159-167 2664-8172 1819-8058 10.36296/1819-8058.2025.1(80) en https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/519/426 Copyright (c) 2025 Y. Sniezhkin , Zh. Petrova , K. Samoilenko , Y. Novikova , T. Vyshnievska https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Sniezhkin , Y. Petrova , Zh. Samoilenko , K. Novikova , Y. Vyshnievska, T. RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS |
| title | RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS |
| title_alt | ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СОРБЦІЇ КОМПОЗИТІВ НА ОСНОВІ ТВЕРДИХ ПОБУТОВИХ ВІДХОДІВ ТА БІОМАСИ |
| title_full | RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS |
| title_fullStr | RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS |
| title_full_unstemmed | RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS |
| title_short | RESEARCH OF SORPTION OF COMPOSITES BASED ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND BIOMASS |
| title_sort | research of sorption of composites based on municipal solid waste and biomass |
| url | https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/519 |
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