OVERVIEW OF VORTEX TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE UTILIZATION OF LOW- AND MEDIUM-CALORIFIC GASES IN WASTE-TO-ENERGY AND WASTE-TO-GAS TECHNOLOGIES

• Дата: 2025
• Автори: Kobzar , S., Haponych , L., Borisov , I., Khalatov, A.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: Institute of Renewable Energy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2025
• Теми: municipal solid waste; recovered fuel; refuse-derived fuel; gasification; syngas; producer gas; heat of combustion; swirl burner; cyclone combustion chambers; computer modelling.
• Онлайн доступ: https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/568
• Назва журналу: Vidnovluvana energetika

The article presents a review of modern technologies for the gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW) and refuse-derived fuels (RDF), as well as methods for the utilization of the resulting low- and medium-calorific syngas in thermal power systems. Gasifiers operating in various modes often exhibit low to medium calorific value of the syngas (4–10 MJ/m³), which complicates its combustion due to flame instability. Several effective methods exist for ensuring stable combustion of low- and medium-calorific gases, including intensive recirculation, macro-mixing, enrichment of the mixture with high-calorific gases, preheating of components, and intensification of interaction with combustion chambers.   One of the most effective approaches is the organization of a swirling motion of the gas mixture, which ensures a stable combustion regime and high intensity, thereby increasing the combustion chamber’s efficiency and reducing harmful emissions. The combination of swirling and axial flows in the burner promotes efficient mixing of gases within the volume of the combustion chamber. Computer simulation of swirl combustion using RANS models allows for an adequate description of the flow structure, temperature fields, velocities, and NOx formation.  A promising solution for utilizing the heat released during syngas combustion is the application of a Stirling engine. This engine, due to external heat supply via a heat exchanger, does not require high fuel quality, does not need prior gas cleaning from tars (which may even add additional heat), and can effectively operate on gases with low heating value. This approach allows for a significant increase in the overall energy efficiency of installations, a reduction in harmful emissions, and expanded possibilities for waste utilization.