DETERMINATION OF POWER FLOWS AND LOSSES IN ELECTRICAL NETWORKS WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE FORMATION OF BALANCING GROUPS

• Datum: 2026
• Hauptverfasser: Lezhniuk , P., Lysyi, V., Mykolaienko , V., Styskal, T.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainisch
• Veröffentlicht: Institute of Renewable Energy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2026
• Schlagworte: renewable energy sources; electricity flows; electrical energy losses; balancing group; aggregation.
• Online Zugang: https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/593
• Назва журналу: Vidnovluvana energetika

The increase in the share of electricity generated from renewable energy sources (RES) in the balance of the electric power system (EPS) makes the problem of determining power and energy losses in electrical networks caused by electricity flows from RES particularly relevant. This issue is especially significant for balancing groups formed on the basis of RES, as well as for their gradual transformation into aggregated groups and for individual RES units acting as aggregators. Tracing electricity flows from RES and assessing their consequences (including energy losses, impact on power quality, transmission line capacity, etc.) constitute an essential component of the interactions between aggregators and other participants of aggregated groups, including consumers who are motivated by guarantees of origin of electricity. The paper proposes a method for determining the component of power and energy losses attributable to RES within the total losses of electrical networks. The method is based on a matrix mathematical model of the electrical network, which enables the determination of power flows in network branches and the associated losses. A matrix of current distribution coefficients in network branches from nodes with RES, as well as nodal voltages, is determined. As a result, a matrix of power loss distribution coefficients in the network branches and branch power flows is formed as a function of nodal power injections. It is shown that the values of energy losses in electrical networks caused by RES can be used in the operational planning of electricity balances in the EPS. Since these losses are addressable, their cost can be appropriately considered in the financial settlements between aggregators. The paper presents the results of steady-state calculations for the IEEE 14-bus test system with two voltage levels and multiple energy sources, including RES. To verify the adequacy of the proposed method, steady-state calculations were also performed using the PowerFactory software package. The obtained results confirm the validity and adequacy of the developed method.