Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC PV–Wind Microgrid Through Coordinated Supercapacitor-Based Control
This study presents a hybrid AC/DC microgrid designed to reduce unnecessary power conversions between alternating current and direct current systems. The AC and DC networks are interconnected using bidirectional converters, allowing power to flow efficiently between them and reducing conversion loss...
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| Date: | 2026 |
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| Language: | English |
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Institute of Renewable Energy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
2026
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Vidnovluvana energetika| _version_ | 1870287564632489984 |
|---|---|
| author | Madhu , Bindu Priya Umme , Salma |
| author_facet | Madhu , Bindu Priya Umme , Salma |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "Bindu Priya Madhu ",
"institution": "Research Scholar, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (deemed to be university), Andhra Pradesh, India"
},
{
"author": "Salma Umme ",
"institution": "Professor, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (deemed to be univer-sity), Andhra Pradesh, India"
}
] |
| author_sort | Madhu , Bindu Priya |
| baseUrl_str | https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-09T12:14:07Z |
| description | This study presents a hybrid AC/DC microgrid designed to reduce unnecessary power conversions between alternating current and direct current systems. The AC and DC networks are interconnected using bidirectional converters, allowing power to flow efficiently between them and reducing conversion losses. The proposed hybrid microgrid operates in two modes: grid-connected and autonomous. Renewable energy sources, loads, and energy storage devices are connected on both AC and DC sides based on their natural operating characteristics. The system is modeled and simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink environment to evaluate its dynamic performance under varying load and renewable generation conditions. A supercapacitor is coordinated with existing converters to provide fast transient power support, helping to stabilize the DC bus voltage during sudden disturbances and mode transitions. Simulation results show improved DC bus voltage regulation and smoother transitions between operating modes. The main contribution of this work is demonstrating that significant improvements in transient stability and DC bus voltage regulation can be achieved in hybrid AC/DC microgrids through the coordinated operation of existing converters and energy storage elements, without introducing new control algorithms.  |
| doi_str_mv | 10.36296/1819-8058.2026.2(85).9-16 |
| first_indexed | 2026-07-10T01:00:14Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
9
Відновлювана енергетика. № 2/2026 | Комплексні проблеми енергетичних систем на основі НВДЕ
UDK 621 https://doi.org/10.36296/1819-8058.2026.2(85)9-16
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF A HYBRID AC/DC PV–WIND MICROGRID THROUGH
COORDINATED SUPERCAPACITOR-BASED CONTROL
Received Jan. 14, 2026; accepted Jun. 26, 2026
Available online June. 30, 2026
Madhu Bindu Priya1, Umme Salma2
Author for correspondence: Madhu Bindu Priya,
e-mail: bmadhu@gitam.edu
Abstract. This study presents a hybrid AC/DC microgrid designed
to reduce unnecessary power conversions between alternating
current and direct current systems. The AC and DC networks are
interconnected using bidirectional converters, allowing power to
flow efficiently between them and reducing conversion losses.
The proposed hybrid microgrid operates in two modes: grid-con-
nected and autonomous. Renewable energy sources, loads, and
energy storage devices are connected on both AC and DC sides based on their natural operating characteris-
tics. The system is modeled and simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink environment to evaluate its dynamic
performance under varying load and renewable generation conditions. A supercapacitor is coordinated with
existing converters to provide fast transient power support, helping to stabilize the DC bus voltage during
sudden disturbances and mode transitions. Simulation results show improved DC bus voltage regulation and
smoother transitions between operating modes. The main contribution of this work is demonstrating that
significant improvements in transient stability and DC bus voltage regulation can be achieved in hybrid AC/DC
microgrids through the coordinated operation of existing converters and energy storage elements, without
introducing new control algorithms.
Keywords: PV system microgrid energy coordination, grid control and operation, wind energy, supercapaci-
tor.
ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ГІБРИДНОЇ AC/DC МІКРОМЕРЕЖІ
ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ ТА ВІТРОВИХ УСТАНОВОК ЗАВДЯКИ УЗГОДЖЕНОМУ КЕРУВАННЮ
З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ СУПЕРКОНДЕНСАТОРА
Отримано 14 січ. 2026 р.; рекомендовано до публікації 26 чер. 2026 р.
Доступно онлайн 30 чер. 2026 р.
Мадху Бінду Прія¹, Умме Салма²
Автор для листування: Мадху Бінду Прія,
e-mail: bmadhu@gitam.edu
Анотація. У роботі представлено гібридну AC/DC мікроме-
режу, розроблену з метою зменшення надлишкових пере-
творень електроенергії між системами змінного та по-
стійного струму. Мережі змінного та постійного струму
з’єднані між собою за допомогою двонапрямних перетво-
рювачів, що забезпечує ефективний перетік потужності
між ними та зменшує втрати на перетворення. Запропо-
нована гібридна мікромережа працює у двох режимах: з приєднанням до електричної мережі та
автономному. Відновлювані джерела енергії, навантаження та накопичувачі енергії підключені як
до AC-, так і до DC-сторони системи відповідно до їхніх природних режимів роботи. Для оцінювання
1 M. Tech
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8978-2138
2 PhD
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9313-4246
1 Research Scholar, Gandhi Institute of
Technology and Management (deemed to
be university), Andhra Pradesh, India
2 Professor, Gandhi Institute of Technology
and Management (deemed to be univer-
sity), Andhra Pradesh, India
1 магістр технічних наук
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8978-2138
2 д-р наук
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9313-4246
¹ аспірант-дослідник, Інститут технологій
та управління ім. Ганді (зі статусом уні-
верситету), штат Андхра-Прадеш, Індія
² Професор, Інститут технологій та уп-
равління ім. Ганді (зі статусом універси-
тету), штат Андхра-Прадеш, Індія
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8978-2138
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9313-4246
10
Відновлювана енергетика. № 2/2026 | Комплексні проблеми енергетичних систем на основі НВДЕ
динамічних характеристик системи за змінних навантажень і режимів генерації з відновлюваних
джерел енергії виконано її моделювання та імітаційні дослідження в середовищі MATLAB/Simulink.
Суперконденсатор функціонує узгоджено з наявними перетворювачами, забезпечуючи швидку ком-
пенсацію перехідних потужностей, що сприяє стабілізації напруги DC-шини під час раптових збу-
рень і переходів між режимами роботи. Результати моделювання засвідчили покращення регулю-
вання напруги DC-шини та більш плавне перемикання між режимами функціонування. Наукова
цінність роботи полягає в демонстрації того, що в гібридних AC/DC мікромережах можна досягти
істотного підвищення перехідної стійкості та якості регулювання напруги DC-шини завдяки узго-
дженій роботі наявних перетворювачів і накопичувачів енергії без впровадження нових алгоритмів
керування.
Ключові слова: фотоелектрична мікромережа; координація енергетичних потоків; керування та екс-
плуатація електричних мереж; вітроенергетика; суперконденсатор.
Introduction. Due to their ability to operate at different
voltage levels, their efficient long-distance power transmis-
sion capability, and their compatibility with rotating ma-
chinery driven by fossil-fuel energy sources, three-phase AC
power systems have been used for a long time. Because of
the natural issues presented by customary petroleum de-
rivative power plants, sustainable energy systems are cur-
rently being connected to low voltage AC distribution sys-
tems as distributed generators or as AC microgrids.
However, to conserve energy and reduce CO2 emissions,
numerous DC loads, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and light-
producing diode (LED) lighting systems, are connected to
AC power systems. Power from nearby renewable energy
sources eliminates the need for costly and tedious trans-
mission of power over long distances at high voltages [1].
To facilitate integration of renewable energy sources into
conventional AC systems, AC microgrids [2] - [5] have been
proposed. To connect to the AC grid, DC/DC converters and
DC/AC inverters are required to convert the DC power from
energy components or photovoltaic (PV) panels into AC
power. Many commercial and residential buildings rely on
integrated AC/DC and DC/DC converters to meet their di-
verse DC power needs when connected to an alternating
current grid. Controlling the speed of AC motors in indus-
trial facilities is a common application of AC-DC-AC convert-
ers.
Renewable direct current power sources, together with the
inherent advantages of direct current loads in a variety of
applications (commercial, industrial, and residential), have
recently contributed to the growing importance of DC grids.
To include various distributed generators, the DC microgrid
has been suggested in references [6] through [10]. Never-
theless, DC/AC inverters are necessary for the standard AC
loads, and converting AC sources to DC is necessary before
connecting to a DC grid.
The reason is that compared to a standalone AC or DC grid,
managing, controlling, and operating a hybrid grid is more
complex. Additionally, a hybrid AC/DC grid has many modes
of operation. One way to reduce power losses while switch-
ing between alternating current and direct current net-
works is to coordinate the control of different converters.
This would allow us to use renewable energy sources to
their full potential. Unlike studies that focus on developing
novel control algorithms or optimization techniques, this
work emphasizes the coordinated operation of existing
control schemes within a hybrid AC/DC microgrid. The cen-
tral objective is to analyze how proper coordination among
converters and energy storage elements, particularly the
supercapacitor, can improve transient response, reduce DC
bus voltage deviations, and enable smoother transitions
between operating modes. This operational perspective
provides practical insights into microgrid stability enhance-
ment without increasing control complexity. This paper
presents a coordinated control framework for a hybrid
AC/DC microgrid in which the supercapacitor is deliberately
prioritized for transient power compensation. Rather than
modifying individual converter control laws, the proposed
framework focuses on system-level coordination among
existing controllers to enhance dynamic performance.
Contributions of this work:
The central objective of this study is to analyze how the co-
ordinated operation of existing converters and a superca-
pacitor-based storage system can improve transient re-
sponse and enable smoother transitions between
operating modes. Specifically, this work seeks to demon-
strate that prioritizing supercapacitors for fast transient
compensation can reduce battery stress and maintain DC
bus stability without the need for complex new control al-
gorithms.
• Presentation of a coordinated control framework for a
hybrid AC/DC microgrid that prioritizes supercapacitors
for transient power compensation.
• Operational analysis of DC bus voltage stability under
varying load and renewable generation conditions with-
out introducing new control algorithms.
• Observation of reduced battery stress during transient
events through coordinated utilization of supercapaci-
tors.
• Evaluation of seamless mode transitions enabled by
converter coordination in grid-connected and autono-
mous modes.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted using
MATLAB/Simulink R2024a to model and simulate a hybrid
11
Відновлювана енергетика. № 2/2026 | Комплексні проблеми енергетичних систем на основі НВДЕ
AC/DC microgrid. The methodology involves mathematical
modeling of renewable energy sources, including a PV array
based on the single-diode circuit model and a 50 kW per-
manent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based
wind turbine. The control strategy employs standard PI
controllers within a PQ control framework to regulate bus
voltages during mode transitions. Data for solar irradiance
and wind speed were integrated as time-varying inputs to
evaluate the system's dynamic response under realistic
fluctuations.
System configuration and modeling. This section describes
the configuration of the proposed hybrid AC/DC microgrid
and outlines the modeling assumptions used to evaluate its
dynamic performance.
Grid Configuration. Fig. 1 illustrates the proposed hybrid
AC/DC microgrid architecture integrating PV, wind genera-
tion, battery, and supercapacitor through coordinated bidi-
rectional converters. The configuration enables selective
prioritization of the supercapacitor during transient condi-
tions, as implemented through coordinated converter op-
eration described later. To interface DC sources, a DC boost
converter is utilized. To represent a renewable generation
sources, a 50 kW wind turbine generator (WTG) is con-
nected to the AC bus through a grid-interfaced converter
[11][12].
The energy storage unit consists of a 65 Ah battery con-
nected to the DC bus through a bidirectional DC/DC con-
verter. The variable load, ranging from 20 kW to 40 kW, is
connected to both the DC bus and the AC buses, separately.
Fig. 1. A hybrid AC/DC grid system
The microgrid includes two types of buses: a DC bus with a
rated voltage of 400 V and an AC bus with a rated voltage
of 400 V rms[13].
Operation of the grid. The hybrid AC/DC microgrid oper-
ates under multiple predefined modes determined by grid
availability, load demand, and renewable generation levels.
The system operates in two principal modes. In the grid-
connected mode, the converter enables power exchange
between the AC and DC buses, maintains a consistent DC
bus voltage, and provides reactive power support when
required. When the generated power is insufficient to meet
the load demand, the utility grid supplies the deficit. If the
total generated power exceeds the demand, the excess
electricity is fed back to the utility grid. In this operating
mode, the battery converter plays only a minor role. De-
pending on the operating conditions, either the battery
converter or the boost converter may be responsible for
maintaining a constant DC bus voltage. A stable and reliable
AC bus voltage is maintained by controlling the primary
converter. The system functional requirements determine
whether the PV array and the WTG operate in the off-MPPT
mode or maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode. To
assess the MPPT control algorithm, the power output of the
AC and DC sources is simulated by applying variable wind
speed to the WTG and variable solar irradiance to the PV
array, respectively [14]. The microgrid transitions through
four distinct operating states:
• Mode I: Steady-state operation where PV generation
meets the constant DC load demand and the DC bus
voltage is maintained at 380 V, and the AC grid remains
stable.
• Mode II: Transition triggered by a light load addition
(e.g., 400 W), where the supercapacitor manages the in-
itial voltage dip.
• Mode III: High-demand state (e.g., 1000 W load) where
the bidirectional AC/DC converter enters rectification
mode to draw power from the AC grid.
• Mode IV: Autonomous/Isolated state where the system
must balance power using only internal energy storage
during a grid fault.
Coordinated Operation of Existing Converter Control
Schemes. In a hybrid grid, there are several kinds of con-
verters. To supply variable DC and AC loads with uninter-
rupted power under changing conditions, such as variations
in solar irradiance and wind speed, these converters should
be properly controlled and coordinated with the utility grid.
They should be capable of operating in both grid-connected
and islanded modes. This subsection outlines the existing
control schemes used by each converter and their coordi-
nated operation within the hybrid microgrid.
Grid-Connected Mode. The PQ control method is imple-
mented using a current-controlled voltage-source con-
verter. PI control is employed to maintain a constant DC bus
voltage despite variations in load demand and renewable
energy generation conditions. The PI controller parameters
are tuned to ensure stable and reliable system operation.
The converter is modulated when there is an abrupt reduc-
tion in DC demand, which results in excess DC power. Dur-
ing sudden load changes, voltage deviations may occur on
the DC network. The primary converter is designed to trans-
fer power from the AC side to the DC side. As a result,
power can be supplied from the AC network to support the
DC side.
12
Відновлювана енергетика. № 2/2026 | Комплексні проблеми енергетичних систем на основі НВДЕ
Modeling of the PV Panel. Fig. 3 shows the equivalent cir-
cuit of a PV panel connected to a load. The output current
of the PV panel is described by Equations (1)-(3) [11], [12].
𝐼𝑝𝑣 = 𝑛𝑝𝐼𝑝ℎ − 𝑛𝑝𝐼𝑠𝑎𝑡 [exp (
𝑞
𝐴𝑘𝑇
(
𝑉𝑝𝑣
𝑛𝑠
+ 𝐼𝑝𝑣𝑅𝑠)) − 1] (1)
𝐼𝑝ℎ = (𝐼𝑠𝑠𝑜 + 𝑘𝑖(𝑇 − 𝑇𝑟))
𝑆
1000
(2)
𝐼𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 𝐼𝑟𝑟 (
𝑇
𝑇𝑟
)
3
exp (
𝑞𝐸𝑔𝑎𝑝
𝑘𝐴
(
1
𝑇𝑟
−
1
𝑇
)) (3)
In Equations 1–3, the variables are defined as follows:
• I_{pv}: Output current of the PV panel.
• I_{ph}: Photocurrent, which is proportional to solar irra-
diance.
• I_{sat}: Reverse saturation current of the diode.
• n_p, n_s: Number of parallel and series-connected cells.
• q, k, A: Elementary charge, Boltzmann constant, and di-
ode ideality factor.
• T, T_r: Cell temperature and reference temperature
(Kelvin).
Battery. The hybrid grid operates in grid-connected mode,
where the control objective of the boost converter is to reg-
ulate AC/DC/AC converter associated with the wind gener-
ation system. After that, the proposed method in [15] may
be used to regulate the battery's DC/DC converter as an en-
ergy buffer. The primary converter is bidirectional and built
to take advantage of the synergistic properties of wind and
solar power [16], [17].
Power flow equations for both alternating current and di-
rect current are written as follows:
𝑃𝑝𝑣 + 𝑃𝑎𝑐 = 𝑃𝑑𝑐𝐿 + 𝑃𝑏 (4)
𝑃𝑠 = 𝑃𝑤 − 𝑃𝑎𝑐𝐿 − 𝑃𝑎𝑐 (5)
The 50 kW WTG is connected to the AC bus and is repre-
sented by the power term Pw in Equation 5.
These equations are included to represent the power flow
interactions between the AC and DC subsystems during dy-
namic operation.
In the proposed configuration, the battery primarily sup-
ports energy balancing, while the supercapacitor is priori-
tized for fast transient power compensation.
Simulation results. To test the suggested control algo-
rithms, we model the hybrid grid's operations under differ-
ent source and load scenarios. The transition mechanism
between operating modes is illustrated in Fig. 2, which rep-
resents the simulation model used to analyze system be-
havior during mode changes. This section presents simula-
tion results obtained under different load and renewable
generation scenarios to evaluate DC bus voltage regulation,
energy storage behavior, and mode transition performance
of the proposed hybrid AC/DC microgrid. Multiple operat-
ing modes and transition cases are examined to assess the
effectiveness of supercapacitor-assisted coordinated con-
trol under dynamic conditions.
Fig. 2. Simulation model for the transition from Mode I to
Mode II
The DC bus voltage remains close to its nominal value of
380 V during steady-state operation and transient condi-
tions, as shown in Fig. 3. The corresponding load variations
applied during the simulation are illustrated in Fig. 4. The
variation in photovoltaic power output due to changes in
irradiance is shown in Fig. 5. The power exchanged by the
supercapacitor during transient events is shown in Fig. 6.
The dynamic response of the hybrid AC/DC microgrid under
varying load and photovoltaic generation conditions is sim-
ulated. Despite sudden load changes and renewable power
fluctuations, the DC bus voltage remains close to its nomi-
nal value, indicating effective voltage regulation. The su-
percapacitor provides rapid transient power support,
thereby mitigating power imbalances and enhancing over-
all system dynamic stability.
Fig. 3. DC voltage versus time
Fig. 4. Load power versus time
13
Відновлювана енергетика. № 2/2026 | Комплексні проблеми енергетичних систем на основі НВДЕ
Fig. 5. Solar power (watts) versus time
Analysis: With a maximum of 2000 W, a temperature of
25 °C and an irradiance of 1 KW/m2, the MPPT voltage is
180 V. The voltage of the power grid is 110 volts. The bat-
tery has a rated capacity of 90 Ah and a nominal voltage of
90 V. A supercapacitor with a capacitance of 12.5 F is con-
nected in series with a resistance of 0.01 Ω. It is necessary
to set the simulation sample time to 2 x 10-6 s.
Fig. 6. Power of the capacitor versus time
Within six seconds, the system switches between two
modes, mode I and mode II. There are one to four opera-
tions included. Changes in temperature and irradiance, or
the introduction of a light load, will trigger the transitions.
To start, the microgrid is up and running in 1-2 seconds,
and the DC bus value is close to 380 V in the figures above,
so the PV power that is delivered is sufficient to fulfill the
need [18] - [22]. The voltage and current responses of the
supercapacitor during mode transitions are shown in Figs.
7 and 8.
Fig. 7. Voltage across the supercapacitor versus time
Fig. 8. Current through the supercapacitor versus time
The DC bus voltage would then fall to 377 V in 2 seconds
under a 400 W load. During this time, the DC bus voltage
is maintained by the supercapacitor's bidirectional
DC/DC converter. Within three seconds, the 400 W load
is disconnected from the system, and the DC bus voltage
returns to 380 V. In 5 seconds, a 500 W load is discon-
nected, causing the DC bus voltage to rise to 383 V. The
supercapacitor is utilized to store the excess energy dur-
ing this time. The simulation model used to analyze the
transition between Mode I and Mode III is shown in Fig.
9. The corresponding DC bus voltage, load power, and
solar power responses for this operating condition are
shown in Figs. 10–12.
Fig. 9. Block diagram for different transition processes
Fig. 10. DC voltage versus time
14
Відновлювана енергетика. № 2/2026 | Комплексні проблеми енергетичних систем на основі НВДЕ
Fig. 11. Load power versus time
Fig. 12. Solar power (watts) versus time
Fig. 13 shows the simulation model for the transition be-
tween Mode II and Mode IV. The load power, battery re-
sponse, and supercapacitor dynamics during this transition
are shown in Figs. 14–18. During the transition between
Mode II and Mode IV, the system experiences significant
load variations and changes in power flow direction, creat-
ing transient power imbalances. The supercapacitor re-
sponds rapidly by supplying or absorbing power, thereby
limiting DC bus voltage deviations during the transition pe-
riod. In contrast, the battery exhibits smoother current and
power profiles, indicating reduced involvement in fast tran-
sients. This coordinated behavior confirms that transient
power compensation is effectively shifted toward the su-
percapacitor, reducing battery stress. As a result, stable op-
eration and smooth mode transitions are achieved without
modifying existing converter control schemes.
Fig. 13. Simulation model for the transition between Mode
II and Mode IV
Fig. 14. Load power, PV (solar power) versus time
The corresponding transition is observed during the simu-
lation. If the supercapacitor converter fails or if the energy
stored in the supercapacitor is outside the allowable range,
the corresponding system response is observed. Initially,
the PV converter regulates the DC bus voltage at 380 V. At
t = 2 s a 1000 W load is connected to the system, causing
the grid-connected AC/DC converter to enter rectification
mode and begin drawing power from the AC grid. During
this period, the AC grid current and voltage remain synchro-
nized. The grіd converter maintains the DC bus voltage at
370 V. At t = 4 seconds, a 2000 W load is disconnected from
the system, and at t = 4.8 seconds, the DC bus voltage
reaches 390 V [23-25].
Fig. 15. Battery power, current versus time
Fig. 16. Current of the supercapacitor versus time
If power is exported to the grid or the grid-connected con-
verter fails, the DC bus voltage is regulated at 380 V by the
PV converter. At t = 2 s, a 300 W load, and the DC bus volt-
age is maintained at 377 V by the supercapacitor's bidirec-
tional DC/DC converter. At t = 4.5 s, a 1100 W load is con-
nected to the system, causing the DC bus voltage to
decrease to 365 V. At t = 7s, a 1400 W load is disconnected
from the system, resulting in the DC bus voltage rising to
383 V.
15
Відновлювана енергетика. № 2/2026 | Комплексні проблеми енергетичних систем на основі НВДЕ
Fig. 17. DC voltage across the supercapacitor versus time
Fig. 18. Power of the supercapacitor versus time
Fig. 19. Simulation model for the transition from Mode I to
Mode IV
Table. Comparison of Results
I/P (V) Load Time
O/P
(V)
PV
source
380 V
300 2 377 Supercapaci-
tor and
Bi-directional
DC-DC
1100 4.5 365
1400 3 383
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|
| id | veorgua-article-618 |
| institution | Vidnovluvana energetika |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-10T01:00:14Z |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Institute of Renewable Energy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | veorgua/8b/84d4a233d303e7eff1019825c9016e8b.pdf |
| spelling | veorgua-article-6182026-07-09T12:14:07Z Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC PV–Wind Microgrid Through Coordinated Supercapacitor-Based Control ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ГІБРИДНОЇ AC/DC МІКРОМЕРЕЖІ ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНИх ТА ВІТРОВИх УСТАНОВок завдяки УЗГОДЖЕНОму КЕРУВАННю з використанням СУПЕРКОНДЕНСАТОРа Madhu , Bindu Priya Umme , Salma PV system microgrid energy coordination, grid control and operation, wind energy, supercapacitor. фотоелектрична мікромережа; координація енергетичних потоків; керування та експлуатація електричних мереж; вітроенергетика; суперконденсатор. This study presents a hybrid AC/DC microgrid designed to reduce unnecessary power conversions between alternating current and direct current systems. The AC and DC networks are interconnected using bidirectional converters, allowing power to flow efficiently between them and reducing conversion losses. The proposed hybrid microgrid operates in two modes: grid-connected and autonomous. Renewable energy sources, loads, and energy storage devices are connected on both AC and DC sides based on their natural operating characteristics. The system is modeled and simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink environment to evaluate its dynamic performance under varying load and renewable generation conditions. A supercapacitor is coordinated with existing converters to provide fast transient power support, helping to stabilize the DC bus voltage during sudden disturbances and mode transitions. Simulation results show improved DC bus voltage regulation and smoother transitions between operating modes. The main contribution of this work is demonstrating that significant improvements in transient stability and DC bus voltage regulation can be achieved in hybrid AC/DC microgrids through the coordinated operation of existing converters and energy storage elements, without introducing new control algorithms.  У роботі представлено гібридну AC/DC мікромережу, розроблену з метою зменшення надлишкових перетворень електроенергії між системами змінного та по-стійного струму. Мережі змінного та постійного струму з’єднані між собою за допомогою двонапрямних перетворювачів, що забезпечує ефективний перетік потужності між ними та зменшує втрати на перетворення. Запропонована гібридна мікромережа працює у двох режимах: з приєднанням до електричної мережі та автономному. Відновлювані джерела енергії, навантаження та накопичувачі енергії підключені як до AC-, так і до DC-сторони системи відповідно до їхніх природних режимів роботи. Для оцінювання динамічних характеристик системи за змінних навантажень і режимів генерації з відновлюваних джерел енергії виконано її моделювання та імітаційні дослідження в середовищі MATLAB/Simulink. Суперконденсатор функціонує узгоджено з наявними перетворювачами, забезпечуючи швидку компенсацію перехідних потужностей, що сприяє стабілізації напруги DC-шини під час раптових збурень і переходів між режимами роботи. Результати моделювання засвідчили покращення регулювання напруги DC-шини та більш плавне перемикання між режимами функціонування. Наукова цінність роботи полягає в демонстрації того, що в гібридних AC/DC мікромережах можна досягти істотного підвищення перехідної стійкості та якості регулювання напруги DC-шини завдяки узгодженій роботі наявних перетворювачів і накопичувачів енергії без впровадження нових алгоритмів керування.  Institute of Renewable Energy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2026-06-30 Article Article application/pdf https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/618 10.36296/1819-8058.2026.2(85).9-16 Vidnovluvana energetika ; No. 2(85) (2026): Scientific and applied Journal renewable energy ; 9-16 Возобновляемая энергетика; № 2(85) (2026): Scientific and applied Journal renewable energy ; 9-16 Відновлювана енергетика; № 2(85) (2026): Науково-прикладний журнал Відновлювана енергетика; 9-16 2664-8172 1819-8058 10.36296/1819-8058.2026.2(85) en https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/618/529 Copyright (c) 2026 Vidnovluvana energetika |
| spellingShingle | PV system microgrid energy coordination grid control and operation wind energy supercapacitor. Madhu , Bindu Priya Umme , Salma Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC PV–Wind Microgrid Through Coordinated Supercapacitor-Based Control |
| title | Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC PV–Wind Microgrid Through Coordinated Supercapacitor-Based Control |
| title_alt | ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ГІБРИДНОЇ AC/DC МІКРОМЕРЕЖІ ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНИх ТА ВІТРОВИх УСТАНОВок завдяки УЗГОДЖЕНОму КЕРУВАННю з використанням СУПЕРКОНДЕНСАТОРа |
| title_full | Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC PV–Wind Microgrid Through Coordinated Supercapacitor-Based Control |
| title_fullStr | Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC PV–Wind Microgrid Through Coordinated Supercapacitor-Based Control |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC PV–Wind Microgrid Through Coordinated Supercapacitor-Based Control |
| title_short | Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC PV–Wind Microgrid Through Coordinated Supercapacitor-Based Control |
| title_sort | dynamic performance enhancement of a hybrid ac/dc pv–wind microgrid through coordinated supercapacitor-based control |
| topic | PV system microgrid energy coordination grid control and operation wind energy supercapacitor. |
| topic_facet | PV system microgrid energy coordination grid control and operation wind energy supercapacitor. фотоелектрична мікромережа координація енергетичних потоків керування та експлуатація електричних мереж вітроенергетика суперконденсатор. |
| url | https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/618 |
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