Evaluation of the intensity of the external water exchange reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade in terms

• Дата: 2017
• Автори: Obukhov, E., Koretsky, E.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Institute of Renewable Energy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2017
• Теми: reservoir; water balance; water exchange; rate; ratio; cascade; climate
• Онлайн доступ: https://ve.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/91
• Назва журналу: Vidnovluvana energetika

One of the most important characteristics of a modern condition of reservoirs is internal and external water exchange and water quality.On the Dnieper cascade of reservoirs in the result of a multi-stage coordination multi-industry and intra-industry contradictions has developed a modern operation mode, which at the beginning of the reconstruction of the cascade also requires further improvement.The main materials of the study are real water –balance indicators for five of the Dnieper reservoirs for abounding 1970 (p = 1,89% – over 55 years of operation of the Kremenchug reservoir), 1972 low-water year (p=92,45%, similarly), and six reservoirs of the cascade 2015 a very dry year (p = 98,21%, similarly) of the iroperation. Kanev hydroelectric station was commissioned in 1976.On the basis of the components of the water balance the study of external water exchange in the six Dnieper reservoirs during the period of their operation until 2015, given the drynessof the year. Identify indicators of external water exchange for each month of the year, the months with the maximum and minimum intensity of the external water exchange in temporary units. A comparison of the intensity of the external exchange of water from the reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade water years. Indicators of external water reservoirs Tu in time units, the value inverse to the corresponding intensity factors in the external water exchange Kv, defined as the ratio of the sum of theinflow and flow of water from the reservoir to the double of the average reservoir volume for the billing period and include the horizontal component (the flow of water along the main riverand side, as well as the flow of water from the reservoir through the dam) and vertical (precipitation on the water surface and evaporation from it). Note also accounting for discharges into the reservoir of waste and household waters, water abstraction for economic needs.The intensity factors of the external water exchange Kv, taking into account all components of the water balance of the reservoir is determined by the formula Litvinova A. S., and theindexes of the foreign exchange of water in time units according to the formula Kalinin G. P. and A. V. Karaushev. Using presented in [1, 4, 5, 8] the methodology parameters were calculated external water exchange That for five of the Dnieper reservoirs in typical water years (1970 and 1972) and for the six reservoirs of the cascade at very low-water year 2015 (period of operation up to 2015).Studies have shown high intensity of external water exchange within balatonaliga and low-water years of the six reservoirs of the cascade of Dneprodzerzhinsk and Kanev reservoirs,and the lowest – in the Kakhovka reservoir.Note the obvious influence on the intensity of the external water exchange the volume of the reservoir, characteristically reduces its intensity at the Kremenchug and Kakhovka reservoirs,as well as the phases of their operation. The results of the research can be useful in the formation of hydrochemical and development of operational modes of the reservoir in terms of climate change.