Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими рослина
A brief overview of the work at the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden (KAG) under the leadership of Academician M.F. Kashchenko is provided. In the KAG he founded, hundreds of fruit, technical, vegetable, medicinal, and ornamental plants that were not widely used at the time were tested. The...
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M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
2026
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| author | Chuvikina, Nataliia Dzhurenko, Nadiia |
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| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "Nataliia Chuvikina",
"institution": "M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sadovo-Botanichna str. 1, 01103 Kyiv, Ukraine"
},
{
"author": "Nadiia Dzhurenko",
"institution": "M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sadovo-Botanichna str. 1, 01103 Kyiv, Ukraine"
}
] |
| author_sort | Chuvikina, Nataliia |
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| description | A brief overview of the work at the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden (KAG) under the leadership of Academician M.F. Kashchenko is provided. In the KAG he founded, hundreds of fruit, technical, vegetable, medicinal, and ornamental plants that were not widely used at the time were tested. The work of the KAG with medicinal plants is investigated. It is shown that M.F. Kashchenko significantly expanded his work with medicinal plants in 1914, when, after the beginning of World War I, the import of medicinal plant raw materials from Germany became impossible, and, as a result, demand increased significantly. In the KAG, studies of not previously cultivated medicinal plants were conducted. Scientists from the KAG were also engaged in introducing local wild plants into culture, the collection of which did not meet demand. At the same time, selection work was carried out. Currently, the scientific work begun by Academician M.F. Kashchenko continues in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden (NBG) of the NAS of Ukraine, and work with medicinal plants is carried out in the laboratory of medical botany of the NBG. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2026008 |
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| format | Article |
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© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
Plant Introduction, 110, 60–68 (2026) ISSN 1605-6574, e-ISSN 2663-290X
CHRONICLE
The work of the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden of Academician
M.F. Kashchenko with medicinal plants
Nataliia Chuvikina *, Nadiia Dzhurenko
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sadovo-Botanichna str. 1, 01103 Kyiv, Ukraine;
* natachko@ukr.net
Received: 01.07.2026 | Accepted: 23.07.2026 | Published: 27.07.2026
Abstract
A brief overview of the work at the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden (KAG) under the leadership of Academician
M.F. Kashchenko is provided. In the KAG he founded, hundreds of fruit, technical, vegetable, medicinal,
and ornamental plants that were not widely used at the time were tested. The work of the KAG with
medicinal plants is investigated. It is shown that M.F. Kashchenko significantly expanded his work with
medicinal plants in 1914, when, after the beginning of World War I, the import of medicinal plant raw
materials from Germany became impossible, and, as a result, demand increased significantly. In the
KAG, studies of not previously cultivated medicinal plants were conducted. Scientists from the KAG were
also engaged in introducing local wild plants into culture, the collection of which did not meet demand.
At the same time, selection work was carried out. Currently, the scientific work begun by Academician
M.F. Kashchenko continues in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden (NBG) of the NAS of Ukraine,
and work with medicinal plants is carried out in the laboratory of medical botany of the NBG.
Keywords: M.F. Kashchenko, Kyiv Acclimatization Garden, medicinal plants, Rhodiola rosea, Podophyllum peltatum, Podophyllum emodi,
Valeriana officinalis, Digitalis purpurea
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2026008
UDC 633.88 : [58 : 061.62]
Authors’ contributions: Natalia Chuvikina: conceptualization, writing – original draft. Nadiia Dzhurenko: writing – original draft.
Funding: The research was conducted under the thematics N 347-LB “Monitoring the state of green spaces in urbanized ecosystems:
methodology and sustainable development” (state registration number – 0122U000149)
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
The scientific legacy of Mykola Feofanovych
Kashchenko (Fig. 1), one of the founders of
the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences and one
of its first 12 academicians, is exceptionally
significant. At various stages of his eventful
life (1855–1935), he devoted himself to
embryology, zoology, acclimatization, and
plant breeding. He achieved significant
success in each of these fields. At the Kyiv
Acclimatization Garden (KAG), which he
founded, hundreds of fruit, industrial,
vegetable, medicinal, and ornamental plants
rare at the time were tested.
Our current study focuses on his work
with medicinal plants. This study employs
a historical-chronological approach and
source analysis methods. It draws on
printed and manuscript materials held in
the collections of the History Museum of
the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
of the National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine (NBG).
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4069-2406
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-445X
Plant Introduction • 110 61
The work of the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden of Academician M.F. Kashchenko with medicinal plants
Mykola Kashchenko began working on plant
acclimatization in Kyiv shortly after moving
there from Tomsk, Siberia. At first, during his
time in Tomsk, plant acclimatization was his
hobby. “The scientific acclimatization of fruit
and flowering plants became my favorite way
to unwind from my zoological work,” he wrote
(Gryshko, 1951).
The acclimatization garden in Kyiv (Fig. 2)
was established by Mykola Kashchenko in
1913 based on the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
(now the National Technical University of
Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic
Institute”), where he served as a professor of
zoology. In 1922, when he resigned from his
position as a professor at Kyiv Polytechnic
Institute , he was forced to vacate his official
apartment and the plot of land occupied by
the garden. Most of the plants were moved
to Dorogozhytska street (now Yuriy Illenko
street), where Mykola Kashchenko had his
own small house with a plot of land. Later,
in 1925, Mykola Kashchenko recalled: “We
overcame the shelling, we overcame the
famine, we even overcame the destruction of
our first garden in 1921. With incredible effort,
and even without resources, we restored it in
a new location, almost exactly as it had been
before” (Kashchenko, 1925).
Kashchenko’s Acclimatization Garden
(KAG) became one of the very first scientific
institutions of the Ukrainian Academy of
Sciences, established in November 1918,
where he served as head of the Department
of Acclimatization. It was here that he began
to develop acclimatization as a distinct field
of scientific research (Klymenko & Chuvikina,
2001; Chuvikina & Rubtsova, 2024).
The early 1930s marked the peak of the
KAG’s prosperity. Its area expanded up to
12 ha, where ca. 500 plant species grow
across five plots. Many of them were tested
for the first time under the conditions of
northern part of Ukraine, specifically in the
KAG (Klymenko & Kustovska, 2025). Mykola
Kashchenko defined the goal of the KAG as
the acclimatization of plants and animals with
beneficial properties.
Just one year after KAG’s foundation, Mykola
Kashchenko began building a collection of
bees that included up to six breeds, notably
the local Ukrainian, Japanese, and Caucasian
breeds, all of which were characterized by
their long proboscis. By 1915, the apiary
consisted of 17 hives, but unfortunately, they
were lost during the move from the grounds
of the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute (Kalachevska,
1933).
Later, there was another attempt to
acclimate the animals, prompting the KAG
leadership in 1926 to contact the Zoological
Station in Buenos Aires, Argentina, to request
eggs from Darwin’s rhea, which is native to
Tierra del Fuego. During this period, the
country was going through difficult times, and
there was a food shortage. Therefore, using
the meat of such large birds would have been
appropriate. However, no positive response
was received, after which Mykola Kashchenko
was forced to abandon the acclimatization of
animals and focus more attention on plants
(Kalachevska, 1933).
Mykola Kashchenko began working with
medicinal plants, including fruit-bearing,
ornamental, and other species, from the
Figure 1. Mykola Feofanovych Kashchenko, 1927.
62 Plant Introduction • 110
Chuvikina & Dzhurenko
very beginning of the KAG’s establishment.
However, with the outbreak of World War I
in 1914, interest in medicinal plants increased.
Before the war, many medicinal plants and
herbal medications were imported from
Germany, and these supplies were then
interrupted (Kashchenko, 1915; Rubtsova et al.,
2014). Mykola Kashchenko understood this
problem well, as he was a doctor of medicine,
so he immediately began assembling a living
collection of medicinal plants, both native and
introduced. During this period, work focused
specifically on medicinal plants became a
priority.
Particular attention was paid to medicinal
plants, for which there was a shortage of raw
materials not only during wartime but also
in peacetime. To address these important
issues, an eight-member commission,
headed by Professor Mykola Kashchenko,
was established. The commission held four
meetings, during which it clarified several
important issues regarding the list and
volumes of medicinal plant harvesting, which
were to be further refined. Based on the results
of the analysis, important data on medicinal
plant raw materials and their volumes were
presented (Kashchenko, 1915).
At first, Mykola Kashchenko considered
the KAG’s primary mission to be the study
and acclimatization of medicinal plants that
had not previously been cultivated in our
region. Still, he very quickly realized that an
equally important task was to introduce local
wild plants into cultivation, as the harvest
of these plants could not keep up with
demand. Although they are commonly found
in the vicinity of Kyiv, their price has risen
significantly compared to the pre-war period.
Such plants include Valeriana officinalis L.,
Figure 2. Mykola Kashchenko’s younger children in the acclimatization garden on the grounds of the Kyiv
Polytechnic Institute in 1919. On the right is Digitalis purpurea, and on the left is Rheum palmatum. (Museum
of the History of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of Ukraine of the NAS of Ukraine).
Plant Introduction • 110 63
The work of the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden of Academician M.F. Kashchenko with medicinal plants
Rosa canina L., Vaccinium myrtillus L., and
other species. Some plants were studied
under various cultivation conditions (in sunny
and shaded areas, and in drier or wetter
areas). Detailed observations were made on
the plants’ growth and development. At the
same time, plant specimens with the highest
content of active pharmaceutical ingredients
were selected and studied. The respective
breeding work with these selected plants
was conducted. In 1915, the KAG’s collection
of medicinal plants numbered 114 species
(Kashchenko, 1915). The collection gradually
expanded, reaching 145 species by 1916 and
160 species by 1917 (Kashchenko, 1916, 1918).
During the Civil War, he treated the
residents of Kyiv with tinctures made from
his own plants (Klymenko & Kustovska,
2025). Seeds from the medicinal plants
in the KAG were in high demand. There
were even attempts by the authorities to
requisition them. For example, in 1919, Mykola
Kashchenko appealed to the Joint Assembly of
the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, requesting
that it issue him a certificate of protection
for the seeds and raw materials of medicinal
plants from the KAG against “the relevant
authorities”. Mykola Kashchenko wrote in his
appeal, “On Wednesday, April 30 of this year,
N.M. Toroptsov appeared at the office of the
acclimatization garden… and, presenting a
requisition certificate issued to him by the
Council of People’s Commissars, requisitioned
a significant portion of the medicinal plant
seeds I still had in my possession. Since these
seeds had already been prepared for free
distribution to another person (who also held
a mandate), no major harm was done to the
cause in this particular case. Nevertheless,
the requisitioning of materials from the
acclimatization garden gives cause for concern
that such actions may be repeated” (IMNLU,
1919).
As of 1933, the registry book (maintained
since 1915) documented and listed the plants
under the study. This list comprised 3,875
taxa. Hence, over 18 years, more than 4,000
plantings were carried out and monitored. At
that time, the collection of medicinal plants
numbered over 300 species and served as
a reliable source of medicinal raw materials
(Kalachevska, 1933).
Over time, as various industrial sectors
developed, the range of plants grown in the
KAG expanded significantly to include rare
food crops, industrial crops, and essential
oil crops. Besides this, medicinal plants
formed the basis of the KAG’s exhibit at
the Agricultural Exhibition held in Kyiv
on November 3, 1927. Since insufficient
space had been allocated to the KAG at the
exhibition, the display featured only the most
interesting specimens in the form of whole
or partial dried plants (e.g., roots, seeds, and
medicinal material). Still, the list of plants
on display at the exhibition was impressive
(Bryantseva, 1929): Digitalis Tourn. ex L.,
Valeriana officinalis L., Ricinus communis L.
var. praecox Lukjanov, Rheum palmatum L.
var. tanguticum Max., Iris florentina L. var.
alba (Savi) DC., Podophyllum peltatum L.,
Cannabis indica Lam., Matricaria recutita L.,
Aconitum napellus L., Ecballium elaterium (L.)
A.Rich., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Salvia
officinalis L., Pyrethrum carneum M.Bieb.,
P. cinerariifolium Trevir., Mentha × piperita L.,
Althaea officinalis L., Hyssopus officinalis L.,
Melissa officinalis L., Dracocephalum
moldavica L., Lithospermum officinale L.,
Ruta graveolens L., Foeniculum officinale
All., Glaucium luteum Crantz, Papaver
somniferum L., P. hybridum L., numerous
Datura L. species (i.e., D. stramonium L.,
D. inermis Juss. ex Jacq., D. ferox Nees,
D. quercifolia Kunth, D. metel L., D. tatula L.,
and D. aegyptiaca Vis.), as well as a collection
of medicinal plant seeds. In many cases, both
wild-type and cultivated plant specimens
were presented to vividly demonstrate KAG’s
achievements. This exhibition definitely
attracted visitors’ interest (Bryantseva, 1929).
Following the serious illness of Mykola
Kashchenko, which occurred a year before
he died in 1935, the KAG became a division
of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of
Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. After 1945, it
became part of the Department of Fruit Plant
Acclimatization at the Central Republican
Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences
of the Ukrainian SSR (now the NBG). In 1975,
the site of the KAG (5 ha at the time) was
designated for construction, and the garden
ceased to exist. Young plants, cuttings, and
seed samples were transferred to the Central
Republican Botanical Garden (Chuvikina &
Rubtsova, 2024). Today, the scientific work
begun by Academician M.F. Kashchenko
continues at the NBG.
64 Plant Introduction • 110
Chuvikina & Dzhurenko
December 15, 2025, marked the 45th
anniversary of the founding of the Department
of Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapy (known
as the Department of Medical Botany since
1984 and as the laboratory since 2004), which
was established in accordance with Resolution
No. 570 of the Presidium of the Academy of
Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR dated December
29, 1978, “On the Development of Research
on Medicinal Plants and Their Application
in Medicine,” and based on the available
capabilities of the Central Botanical Garden of
the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR
(Central Botanical Garden of the Academy of
Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR) (Order No. 228-
K dated December 15, 1980).
The “Medicinal Plants” collection plot was
established as early as the 1940s, primarily
using specimens from the KAG, which at that
time housed about 200 species of medicinal,
aromatic, and useful plants. This gene pool,
assembled by Academician M.F. Kashchenko,
became the foundation for creating the
collection of useful plants at the Department
of Cultivated Flora of the NBG. The systematic
development of the medicinal plant collection
began in the 1970s through the acquisition of
seed and planting material from the natural
flora, primarily from Ukraine (collected during
expeditions to various regions of the country).
Some of the seeds were obtained through the
International Seed Exchange among botanical
gardens worldwide.
Since 2015, the “Medicinal Plants” collection
has been designated a national heritage site
(Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine
No. 59-r dated January 28, 2015; Decree of
the Presidium of the National Academy of
Sciences of Ukraine No. 73 dated February 10,
2015). Today, the collection holds exceptional
educational and cultural significance (for
thousands of visitors) as well as educational
value (as a resource for students at medical
and pharmaceutical higher education
institutions).
Over time, the KAG’s collection was
reduced through active efforts to distribute
plant material (both seeds and live plants)
to numerous organizations engaged in
propagating medicinal plants. At some stage,
the KAG’s work focused on conserving rare
medicinal plants, either because their numbers
were limited or because they were not listed in
the Soviet Pharmacopeia. Among such plants
was Rhodiola rosea L., which, as of 1933, was
cultivated only at the State Farm “Bitza” and
the KAG.
Rhodiola rosea (Crassulaceae J.St.-Hil.) is
a perennial herbaceous plant with a spindle-
shaped, fleshy root that transitions into a
woody, predominantly multi-headed rhizome
(which is fragrant when dry) bearing scale-
like, brownish triangular leaves. It grows in
the Carpathians along the banks of mountain
rivers and on rocky outcrops. For medicinal
purposes, the rhizome with roots (Rhizoma
cum radicibus Rhodiolae roseae) is applied.
It is harvested from the end of the plant’s
flowering period until the end of the growing
season. Rhodiola rosea preparations have
adaptogenic properties: they induce a
state of increased resistance in the body to
adverse environmental factors (hypothermia,
hyperthermia, oxygen deprivation, various
types of stress, etc.). It is used in the form
of an extract (a ready-made pharmaceutical
preparation), and at home, a tincture or
infusion is prepared (Grodzinsky, 1992). This
classic nootropic agent, which stimulates the
brain’s integrated functions, has also been
studied at the Laboratory of Medical Botany of
the NBG, where it is included in the garden’s
collection.
This unique plant, which possesses
adaptogenic properties, is one of the most
effective remedies for internal bleeding, for
which it was highly valued. In the late 1920s,
its two-year-old rhizome was valued at 5
karbovanets (which corresponds to ca. 50
USD today). It turned out that growing this
plant in cultivation was extremely difficult, as
it is demanding in terms of soil, soil structure,
and shading, but it can tolerate evening
sunlight. There were reports that Americans
used special shading structures to grow it. At
that time, the KAG had only 400 specimens
of R. rosea, which were placed in three plots
under different environmental conditions to
identify optimal growing conditions: along a
fence that protected the plants from eastern
and southern sunlight; in a ravine shaded by
Amur grapevines; and under fruit trees, whose
branches provided shade. In all experimental
plots, the plants went through all stages of
development and produced viable seeds,
indicating complete acclimatization. It was
established that R. rosea should be propagated
vegetatively, specifically by dividing the bush,
Plant Introduction • 110 65
The work of the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden of Academician M.F. Kashchenko with medicinal plants
since seed propagation is more complex
(Kalachevska, 1933).
Among other rare medicinal plants
cultivated at the KAG were two species of
Podophyllum L. – P. peltatum L. and P. emodi
Wall. ex Honigberger (Lukyanov, 1928; Fig. 3).
Notably, both Podophyllum species survived
for more than 10 years without care and were
discovered during an inventory of the KAG in
1946. In addition, in 1946, the KAG still housed
a collection of medicinal plants comprising
240 taxa (Shaitan, n.d.).
Podophyllum is listed in the American and
European Pharmacopeias. However, at that
time, Podophyllum species were still unknown
in the Soviet Union, though there was
already interest in them within the medical
community. Podophyllum emodi is known as
the sacred root of Mandrake, whose use was
believed to bring enlightenment to the minds
of the faithful. In contrast, P. peltatum produces
delicious, apricot-like fruits with a pleasant
pineapple scent, which is why it is considered a
fruit-bearing plant. Podophyllum species were
also of interest as ornamental plants due to
their attractive flowers and fruits. In the wild,
P. emodi grows in the mountain forests of the
western Himalayas, while P. emodi naturally
occur in North America. Podophyllin, which
is a mixture of resinous lignan compounds,
exhibits cytostatic activity, as well as laxative
and cholagogue effects, and inhibits the
activity of the central nervous system.
Valeriana officinalis L. is widespread
in Ukraine and is one of the most popular
medicinal plants due to its sedative properties.
It exhibits high ecological plasticity, enabling
it to thrive in diverse soils and plant
communities. Its largest populations are
concentrated in the Chernihiv, Kyiv, Volhyn,
Poltava, and other regions. In medicine, only
the rhizomes with roots are used. They are
dug up in the fall (after the fruits have ripened)
or in early spring.
Mykola Kashchenko started his work on
Valeriana L. as early as 1915. At that time, raw
materials were obtained primarily from wild
plants, so their natural reserves were rapidly
Figure 3. Sowing and transplanting Podophyllum (Kalachevska, 1929).
66 Plant Introduction • 110
Chuvikina & Dzhurenko
Figure 4. Roots of Valeriana officinalis. A – wild plant;
B – specimen from the acclimatization garden taken
in 1916; C – specimen from the acclimatization
garden taken in 1926 (Lukyanov, 1928).
B
A C
dwindling. In 1916, a form of wild valerian
with a larger root mass and wrinkled leaves
was discovered at the KAG. This form of
valerian was named ‘zbytolista’. Subsequently,
by selecting forms with larger roots and
better pharmaceutical qualities (Lukyanov,
1928), the KAG’s cultivar of Valeriana was
developed. The root system of this cultivar
had a dry weight of ca. 140 g (Figs. 4–5). In
1926, this valerian cultivar was presented at
the All-Union Congress of Workers Engaged
in the Cultivation of Medicinal Plants. The
exhibited rhizomes impressed the attendees,
as in natural habitats, the weight of rhizomes
normally ranges from 6 to 10 g (Kalachevska,
1933).
Breeding work on valerian is currently
underway. Two cultivars of valerian, ‘Kardiola’
and ‘Ukraina,’ have been developed at the
Medicinal Plant Research Station of the
National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of
Ukraine.
Kashchenko’s research on medicinal
plants is remarkable for its diversity and
multifaceted nature. Among his notable
achievements are the KAG’s activities related
to the study of Digitalis purpurea L. under
cultivation, research on which began in 1915.
Under the direction of Mykola Kashchenko,
researchers investigated not only the
biological characteristics of this species but
also its pharmacological properties. The
chemical composition of KAG’s cultivated
D. purpurea was studied in the laboratory
of Professor V.Y. Chagovets (Kotukov, 1971).
Phytochemical analysis of biologically active
compounds was conducted at various stages
of plant development – during flowering, as
is customary, and at the end of the growing
season (October) – which demonstrated the
activity of the plant material during these
periods, a finding confirmed by clinical trials.
Chemical, clinical, and physiological tests
showed that KAG’s cultivated D. purpurea
has a beneficial effect on the heart and fully
meets the requirements of the pharmacopeia
(Lukyanov, 1928).
Later, researchers established that a
distinctive feature of the glycosides (digitoxin
and gitoxin) found in D. purpurea is their
ability to enhance heart muscle contractions
while simultaneously reducing their frequency,
thereby promoting cardiac relaxation and
increased blood filling; that is, the indications
for their use are chronic heart failure of various
origins. It is this species of foxglove that is
most widely used in medicine (Grodzinsky,
1992). With respect to its outstanding features,
academician N.D. Strazhesko called purple
foxglove the “queen of medicinal plants.”
Noteworthy are observations on the growth
of D. purpurea, a biennial plant that grew
within a single plot for three years (Bryantseva,
1929). At the KAG, researchers engaged in
interspecific hybridization, involving various
species of the genus Digitalis. To obtain a
winter-hardy form of foxglove, numerous
interspecific crosses were conducted, but
they did not yield positive results until
1926, when M.O. Kasaeva obtained an
interspecific amphiploid hybrid, D. purpurea
× D. grandiflora Mill. This hybrid was named
the “pink hybrid” in 1938. After that, the work
on it was discontinued at the KAG. Currently,
several Digitalis species are growing in the
NBG collection: large-flowered foxglove
(D. grandiflora), yellow foxglove (D. lutea L.),
woolly foxglove (D. lanata Ehrh.), and purple
foxglove (D. purpurea).
Conclusions
1. With the outbreak of World War I in 1914,
research on medicinal plants became a
priority at Academician M.F. Kashchenko’s
Acclimatization Garden, given the
Plant Introduction • 110 67
The work of the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden of Academician M.F. Kashchenko with medicinal plants
Figure 5. The Kyiv Acclimatization Garden’s exhibit at the Agricultural Exhibition in Kyiv in 1927 (Bryantseva,
1929).
impossibility of continuing to import
medicinal plant raw materials from
Germany.
2. Particular attention was paid to medicinal
plants for which raw materials were in short
supply, not only during wartime but also
in peacetime. M.F. Kashchenko engaged
in the research and acclimatization of
medicinal plants that had not previously
been cultivated in our region, as well as the
introduction into cultivation of local wild
plants, the harvest of which could not meet
the high demand. Over time, the KAG’s
work focused on conserving rare medicinal
plants and on breeding programs involving
them.
3. Today, the scientific work on medicinal
plants initiated by Academician
M.F. Kashchenko continues at the
Laboratory of Medical Botany of the
NBG.
References
Bryantseva, O.V. (1929). Exhibition of the Kyiv
Acclimatization Garden in 1927. Activities, 3, 8–13.
(In Ukrainian)
Chuvikina, N.V., & Rubtsova, O.L. (2024). The
significance of the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden
of Academician M.F. Kashchenko for expanding
the range of decorative plants. Science and
Science of Science, 2(124), 101–111. https://doi.
org/10.15407/sofs2024.02.101
Grodzinsky, A.M. (Ed.). (1992). Medicinal
plants: Encyclopedic reference book. Ukrainian
Encyclopedia, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Gryshko, M.M. (1951). Academician M.F. Kashchenko:
an outstanding biologist –follower of I.V. Michurin
(pp. 18 –19). Publishing House of the Academy of
Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
IMNLU. (1919). Protocol No. 25 of the Joint Meeting
of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in Kyiv
dated May 3, 1919. Institute of Manuscripts of
the National Library of Ukraine. Fund 1. Case
26141. 8 sheets. (In Ukrainian)
https://doi.org/10.15407/sofs2024.02.101
https://doi.org/10.15407/sofs2024.02.101
68 Plant Introduction • 110
Chuvikina & Dzhurenko
Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими
рослина
Наталія Чувікіна *, Надія Джуренко
Національний ботанічний сад імені М.М. Гришка НАН України, вул. Садово-Ботанічна, 1, Київ, 01103,
Україна; * natachko@ukr.net
Надано короткий огляд роботи Акліматизаційного саду під керівництвом академіка М.Ф. Кащенка.
У заснованому ним Київському акліматизаційному саду (КАС) було випробувано сотні малопоширених
на той час плодових, технічних, овочевих, лікарських та декоративних рослин. Вивчено роботу КАС
з лікарськими рослинами. Показано, що М.Ф. Кащенко значно розширив роботу з лікарськими
рослинами у 1914 р., коли після початку Першої світової війни став неможливим імпорт сировини
лікарських рослин з Німеччини, а попит на них значно збільшився. В КАС проводилися дослідження
лікарських рослин, які раніше не культивувалися на нашій території. Науковці КАС також займалися
введенням в культуру місцевих диких рослин, збір яких не відповідав попиту. Одночасно проводилася
селекційна робота. Нині наукова робота, розпочата академіком М.Ф. Кащенком продовжується у
Національному ботанічному саду (НБС) імені М.М. Гришка НАН України, а робота з лікарськими
рослинами – у лабораторії медичної ботаніки НБС.
Ключові слова: М.Ф. Кащенко, Київський акліматизаційний сад, лікарські рослини, Rhodiola rosea, Podophyllum peltatum,
Podophyllum emodi, Valeriana officinalis, Digitalis purpurea
Kalachevska, K.S. (1929). Facts from the life of the
Kyiv Acclimatization Garden. Activities, 3, 14–47
(In Ukrainian)
Kalachevska, K.S. (1933). From the life of the Kyiv
acclimatization garden. Radio article published on
15.06, 22.06, 29.06. Typescript copy. Museum of History
of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Research
assistant book.-71. 15 sheets. (In Russian)
Kashchenko, N.F. (1915). Brief information about
the activities of the acclimatization garden of Prof.
N.F. Kashchenko in the city of Kyiv in the department
of medicinal plants for 1915. Kyiv. (In Russian)
Kashchenko, N.F. (1916). Brief information about
the activities of the acclimatization garden of Prof.
N.F. Kashchenko in the city of Kyiv in the department
of medicinal plants for 1916. Kyiv. (In Russian)
Kashchenko, N.F. (1918). Brief information about
the activities of the acclimatization garden of Prof.
N.F. Kashchenko in the city of Kyiv in the department
of medicinal plants for 1917. Kyiv. (In Russian)
Kashchenko, N.F. (1925). To help the Kyiv Acclimatization
Garden. Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Klymenko, S.V., & Kustovska, A.V. (2025, June 22–25).
Academician Mykola Kashchenko is a prominent
Ukrainian scientist, the founder of domestic
scientific and practical horticulture. In Proceedings
of the Eighth International Scientific Conference
“Ethnobotanical traditions in agronomy, pharmacy and
garden design: Ivan Kosenko’s scientific readings” (pp.
108–122). Sochinsky M.M., Uman. (In Ukrainian)
Klymenko, S.V., & Сhuvikina, N.V. (2001). Acclimatization
Garden. Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine. Vol. 1 (pp.
299–300). Institute of Encyclopedic Research of
the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian). https://esu.com.ua/article-43465
Kotukov, G.N. (1971). Cultivated and wild medicinal
plants (pp. 67–74). Naukova dumka, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian)
Lukyanov, D.P. (1928). On new or little-known plants
of the acclimatized garden in Ukraine. With a preface
and conclusion by Mykola Kashchenko. Publication
of the Kyiv Acclimatized Garden (under the
VUAN), Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Rubtsova, E.L., Chuvikina, N.V., & Chizhankova, V.I.
(2014). Rose culture in N.F. Kashchenko
Acclimatization garden. In Proceedings of the
International Scientific and Practical Correspondence
Conference “Fruit, medicinal, industrial, ornamental
plants: current issues of introduction, biology, breeding,
cultivation technology” (pp. 211–213). Kyiv. (In Russian)
Shaitan, I.M. (n.d.). Inventory of plants located
in the Acclimatization Garden on the territory
of Dorogozhitska (Melnyk) 45 and 84 (1946).
Manuscript. Museum of History of the
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Book
of references-136. 9 sheets. (In Russian)
https://esu.com.ua/article-43465
|
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-29T01:00:12Z |
| publishDate | 2026 |
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| spelling | www-plantintroduction-org-article-17062026-07-28T01:35:07Z The work of the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden of Academician M.F. Kashchenko with medicinal plants Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими рослина Chuvikina, Nataliia Dzhurenko, Nadiia A brief overview of the work at the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden (KAG) under the leadership of Academician M.F. Kashchenko is provided. In the KAG he founded, hundreds of fruit, technical, vegetable, medicinal, and ornamental plants that were not widely used at the time were tested. The work of the KAG with medicinal plants is investigated. It is shown that M.F. Kashchenko significantly expanded his work with medicinal plants in 1914, when, after the beginning of World War I, the import of medicinal plant raw materials from Germany became impossible, and, as a result, demand increased significantly. In the KAG, studies of not previously cultivated medicinal plants were conducted. Scientists from the KAG were also engaged in introducing local wild plants into culture, the collection of which did not meet demand. At the same time, selection work was carried out. Currently, the scientific work begun by Academician M.F. Kashchenko continues in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden (NBG) of the NAS of Ukraine, and work with medicinal plants is carried out in the laboratory of medical botany of the NBG. Надано короткий огляд роботи Акліматизаційного саду під керівництвом академіка М.Ф. Кащенка. У заснованому ним Київському акліматизаційному саду (КАС) було випробувано сотні малопоширених на той час плодових, технічних, овочевих, лікарських та декоративних рослин. Вивчено роботу КАС з лікарськими рослинами. Показано, що М.Ф. Кащенко значно розширив роботу з лікарськими рослинами у 1914 р., коли після початку Першої світової війни став неможливим імпорт сировини лікарських рослин з Німеччини, а попит на них значно збільшився. В КАС проводилися дослідження лікарських рослин, які раніше не культивувалися на нашій території. Науковці КАС також займалися введенням в культуру місцевих диких рослин, збір яких не відповідав попиту. Одночасно проводилася селекційна робота. Нині наукова робота, розпочата академіком М.Ф. Кащенком продовжується у Національному ботанічному саду (НБС) імені М.М. Гришка НАН України, а робота з лікарськими рослинами – у лабораторії медичної ботаніки НБС. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2026-07-27 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1706 10.46341/PI2026008 Plant Introduction; No 110 (2026): Early view; 60-68 Інтродукція Рослин; № 110 (2026): Early view; 60-68 2663-290X 1605-6574 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1706/1593 Copyright (c) 2026 Nataliia Chuvikina, Nadiia Dzhurenko http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Chuvikina, Nataliia Dzhurenko, Nadiia Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими рослина |
| title | Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими рослина |
| title_alt | The work of the Kyiv Acclimatization Garden of Academician M.F. Kashchenko with medicinal plants |
| title_full | Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими рослина |
| title_fullStr | Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими рослина |
| title_full_unstemmed | Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими рослина |
| title_short | Робота Київського акліматизаційного саду академіка М.Ф. Кащенка з лікарськими рослина |
| title_sort | робота київського акліматизаційного саду академіка м.ф. кащенка з лікарськими рослина |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1706 |
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