Одонтологічна серія ямної культури з могильника Виноградне

• Published in: Археологія
• Date: 2018
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 5-11
• ISSN: 2616-499X
• Author Affiliations: Yulia V. Ushkova — Institute of Archaeology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine — ORCID: 0000-0002-1549-8679
• Main Author: Ushkova, Yulia V.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Institute of Archaeology NAS of Ukraine 2018
• Subjects: одонтологія; ямна культура; доба ранньої бронзи.
• Online Access: https://arheologia.com.ua/index.php/arheologia/article/view/13
• Journal Title: Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Surface

The article focuses on description of Yamna culture odontological sample from Vynohradne kurgan group (North-Western Azov Sea region) and its comparison with the other series of Yamna culture. Non-metric and metric traits were studied according to methodological recommendations of A.A. Zubov. The study confirms the conclusion of heterogeneity of Yamna culture populations from different territories and the complexity of ethno-historical processes during the Early Bronze Age. The Vynohradne sample differs from other groups of Yamna culture by the complex of odontological traits. The most important feature of its dental profile is a very high occurrence of Carabelli cusp on М 1 (75 %). The Vynohradne sample also differs by significantly increased frequencies of odontoglyphic variant 1pa (3) — 44,4 %, hypocone reduction on М 2 — 33,3 % and six-cusped М 1 — 11,1 % in comparison to other Yamna series. Pattern + 5М 1 is frequent (25 %) whereas four-cusped М 1 and upper incisors crowding were not encountered. Small group of individuals (group A) differs by its archaeological and dental (mainly metric) characteristics against the background of Vynohradne series. It was hypothesized that this group marks the appearance of the new population in the North-Western Azov Sea region. According to the available calibrated 14C dates it could happen circa 29th—28th century BCE.