АКВАКУЛЬТУРА В УКРАЇНІ ТА СВІТІ: СТАН, ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

• Date: 2026
• Main Author: Ovdiiuk, Olena
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University 2026
• Subjects: аквакультура; гідробіонти; харчова безпека; установка замкнутого водопостачання (УЗВ); сталий розвиток
• Online Access: https://eui.zu.edu.ua/article/view/362503
• Journal Title: Economics. Management. Innovations

The article analyzes the current state and key trends in the development of the global and domestic aquaculture sector. It focuses on the fundamental transformation of the fishing industry, where artificial breeding of aquatic organisms has become a critically important factor in ensuring global food security due to the depletion of natural reserves of the World Ocean. Attention is focused on the fact that aquaculture is currently the most dynamic segment of the food industry, the share of which in total consumption has already exceeded the volume of traditional fishing. The financial and economic indicators of the global market for the period 2016-2025 are disclosed. Data on record production volumes, which reached 126 million tons in 2021, are presented, and the product structure is analyzed, where fish plays a dominant role – 47,1%, algae – 27,9%, mollusks and crustaceans. Special attention is paid to the geographical distribution of production, highlighting the absolute leadership of Asia (over 91% of the world volume) and the key role of China. A critical analysis of the fisheries sector of Ukraine under martial law has been conducted. Based on statistical data for 2018-2025, the stages of the industry's development have been identified: from relative stability to a deep crisis caused by geopolitical factors and physical destruction of farms. Attention is focused on the growing strategic importance of artificial breeding, as the share of aquaculture in Ukraine's domestic production has increased from 22,5% to 38,4%, despite the overall decline in gross indicators. The article identifies systemic challenges, such as low investment attractiveness, high cost of resources, and critical dependence on imports, where domestic production covers only 3-4% of market needs. Promising directions for modernization of the industry are proposed, in terms of the use of closed water supply systems (RAS), digitalization and the use of AI-monitoring, adaptation to climatic anomalies by breeding thermophilic species, as well as increasing the energy independence of modern aquafarms.