Nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone
The paper aimed to determine the relationship between water discharge and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen compounds in a river during spring and rainfall floods. The study was carried out in a small experimental catchment of the Boguslavka River in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, most of wh...
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| Date: | 2024 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Ukrainian |
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S. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine
2024
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| Online Access: | https://journals.uran.ua/geofizicheskiy/article/view/306510 |
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| Journal Title: | Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal |
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Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal| _version_ | 1856543608832786432 |
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| author | Osadcha, Nataliia Bonchkovsky, Andrii Osypov, Valery Osadchyi, Volodymyr |
| author_facet | Osadcha, Nataliia Bonchkovsky, Andrii Osypov, Valery Osadchyi, Volodymyr |
| author_sort | Osadcha, Nataliia |
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| datestamp_date | 2024-09-02T12:40:28Z |
| description | The paper aimed to determine the relationship between water discharge and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen compounds in a river during spring and rainfall floods. The study was carried out in a small experimental catchment of the Boguslavka River in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, most of which is used for agricultural production.
Analysing the hysteresis of nitrate compounds (hysteresis is the phenomenon of lagging system response to the action of a factor associated with the «memory» of its previous action) allowed us to obtain new information about the patterns of nitrate nitrogen compounds inflow during runoff-forming phenomena.
During the spring flood, the highest concentrations of nitrate compounds in water were observed before the snowmelt began. A sharp increase in water discharge led to a decrease in the N–NO3-content,which began to increase on the downward limb of the runoff hydrograph. During the spring floods of 2017-2018, a counterclockwise hysteresis was formed, indicating that the main supply of nitrate compounds came from remote sources. In 2017, the frozen topsoil did not contribute to the flow, whereas in 2018, prolonged flooding led to the washing of the coastal zone soils.
During the summer floods, N–NO3- concentrations in the river water during the decline phase of the hydrograph were caused by significant nitrogen emissions and exceeded the concentrations before the event. The hysteresis loop was directed clockwise, indicating a higher concentration of nitrate compounds in the coastal zone. During the rain with wet preliminary conditions, the hysteresis shape was complex and resembled an 8-like shape. In this case, the increase in concentrations in the stream began at the limb of the hydrograph rise.
When snowmelt was combined with rainfall or prolonged rains in the summer, a two-peak hydrograph was formed, and the hysteresis index of the second one was much lower than the first. The area of the hysteresis loop was significantly affected by the conditions of preliminary moistening. |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T11:14:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | journalsuranua-geofizicheskiy-article-306510 |
| institution | Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T11:14:23Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | S. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | journalsuranua-geofizicheskiy-article-3065102024-09-02T12:40:28Z Nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone Гістерезис нітратних сполук на малому водозборі лісостепової зони України Osadcha, Nataliia Bonchkovsky, Andrii Osypov, Valery Osadchyi, Volodymyr гістерезис нітратні сполуки нітрогену водопілля дощовий паводок сільськогосподарський водозбір hysteresis nitrate nitrogen compounds snowmelt rain flood agricultural catchment The paper aimed to determine the relationship between water discharge and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen compounds in a river during spring and rainfall floods. The study was carried out in a small experimental catchment of the Boguslavka River in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, most of which is used for agricultural production. Analysing the hysteresis of nitrate compounds (hysteresis is the phenomenon of lagging system response to the action of a factor associated with the «memory» of its previous action) allowed us to obtain new information about the patterns of nitrate nitrogen compounds inflow during runoff-forming phenomena. During the spring flood, the highest concentrations of nitrate compounds in water were observed before the snowmelt began. A sharp increase in water discharge led to a decrease in the N–NO3-content,which began to increase on the downward limb of the runoff hydrograph. During the spring floods of 2017-2018, a counterclockwise hysteresis was formed, indicating that the main supply of nitrate compounds came from remote sources. In 2017, the frozen topsoil did not contribute to the flow, whereas in 2018, prolonged flooding led to the washing of the coastal zone soils. During the summer floods, N–NO3- concentrations in the river water during the decline phase of the hydrograph were caused by significant nitrogen emissions and exceeded the concentrations before the event. The hysteresis loop was directed clockwise, indicating a higher concentration of nitrate compounds in the coastal zone. During the rain with wet preliminary conditions, the hysteresis shape was complex and resembled an 8-like shape. In this case, the increase in concentrations in the stream began at the limb of the hydrograph rise. When snowmelt was combined with rainfall or prolonged rains in the summer, a two-peak hydrograph was formed, and the hysteresis index of the second one was much lower than the first. The area of the hysteresis loop was significantly affected by the conditions of preliminary moistening. Мета дослідження — визначення зв’язку між витратами води та концентрацією нітратних сполук нітрогену в річці під час водопілля та дощових паводків. Дослідження проводили на малому експериментальному водозборі в лісостеповій зоні України, більша частина якого використовується для аграрного виробництва. Метод аналізу гістерезису нітратних сполук дозволив отримати нову інформацію про особливості їхнього надходження під час формування водного стоку. Швидке вимивання добре розчинних сполук нітрогену призводило до утворення гістерезису за годинниковою стрілкою під час більшості подій. Гістерезис проти годинникової стрілки спостерігався за умов стрімкого сніготанення і утворення поверхневого стоку на замерзлому ґрунті, або при поєднанні снігового і дощового живлення під час тривалого водопілля. У цьому випадку переважало транспортування сполук нітрогену з віддалених частин схилів. За умови поєднання сніготанення з дощами або затяжних дощів літнього періоду утворювався дво-піковий гідрограф, а індекс гістерезису другого з них був значно меншим за перший. На площу петлі гістерезису істотним чином впливають умови попереднього зволоження. S. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine 2024-09-02 Article Article application/pdf https://journals.uran.ua/geofizicheskiy/article/view/306510 10.24028/gj.v46i4.306510 Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal; Vol. 46 No. 4 (2024) Геофизический журнал; Том 46 № 4 (2024) Геофізичний журнал; Том 46 № 4 (2024) 2524-1052 0203-3100 uk https://journals.uran.ua/geofizicheskiy/article/view/306510/302160 Copyright (c) 2024 Natalia Osadcha, Andrii Bonchkovsky, Valery Osypov, Volodymyr Osadchyi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | hysteresis nitrate nitrogen compounds snowmelt rain flood agricultural catchment Osadcha, Nataliia Bonchkovsky, Andrii Osypov, Valery Osadchyi, Volodymyr Nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone |
| title | Nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone |
| title_alt | Гістерезис нітратних сполук на малому водозборі лісостепової зони України |
| title_full | Nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone |
| title_fullStr | Nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone |
| title_short | Nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone |
| title_sort | nitrate hysteresis in a small catchment of the ukrainian forest-steppe zone |
| topic | hysteresis nitrate nitrogen compounds snowmelt rain flood agricultural catchment |
| topic_facet | гістерезис нітратні сполуки нітрогену водопілля дощовий паводок сільськогосподарський водозбір hysteresis nitrate nitrogen compounds snowmelt rain flood agricultural catchment |
| url | https://journals.uran.ua/geofizicheskiy/article/view/306510 |
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