Удосконалення методів підготовки виливниць до розливки сталі

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Тарасов, В'ячеслав, Воденнікова, Оксана, Воденніков, Сергій, Манідіна, Євгенія
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Physico-technological Institute of Metals and Alloys 2023
• Теми: чавунна виливниця; підготовка виливниць до розливки сталі; очищення виливниць; кріогенний бластінг; гранули сухого льоду
• Онлайн доступ: https://www.metalsandcasting.com/index.php/mcu/article/view/71
• Назва журналу: Metal and Casting of Ukraine

The possibility of using cryogenic blasting technology in the conditions of metallurgical production at cleaning of products and equipment is considered. In particular, the use of dry ice granules as a modern method of cleaning cast iron molds in the process of their preparation for steel casting is proposed. In order to optimize the process of cleaning the surface of the mold from contaminants (traces of soot, chlorides, splashes, etc.) should be rationally selected: particle size distribution of dry ice; airway pressure; compressed air consumption; the shape and length of the dry ice nozzle; the distance from the nozzle to the mold wall and the temperature of the mold before cleaning. On the example of laboratory research in the conditions of PrJSC “Dniprospetsstal” it is shown that the use of cryogenic blasting in cleaning molds from contamination allows to increase the cleaning speed by 2–4 times compared to the use of mechanical and hydraulic methods (including metal brushes and steel scrapers). Operating costs are also reduced by up to 70 % due to the high efficiency of the process and the absence of the need to dismantle and disassemble the equipment to be cleaned, as well as to clean the detergent. The paper presents a diagram of the movement of ice particles during cryogenic blasting, which allows to reveal the essence of the process of accumulation of centrifugal energy of ice particles during the rotation of a special disk in the mold. The value of the centrifugal force of ice particles depending on the change of their mass and the radius of the disk at fixed parameters of the disk rotation speed is calculated. By varying the mass of ice particles in the form of a sphere in the range of 0.002–0.01 kg and the radius of the rotating disk in the range of 0.1–0.3 m, it is shown that the maximum value of the centrifugal force reaches 84.14 N. The speed of rotation also has a significant effect on the centrifugal force of ice particles – its increase from 1000 to 1600 rpm leads to an increase in centrifugal force by 2.6 times.