Аналіз динаміки та структури імпорту агропродовольчої продукції

• Дата: 2022
• Автори: Антонюк, П. О., Антонюк, О. П., Ступницька, Т. М., Баранюк, Х. О.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Odesa National University of Technology 2022
• Онлайн доступ: //journals.ontu.edu.ua/index.php/fie/article/view/2265
• Назва журналу: Food Industry Economics

In recent years, Ukraine has been increasing the import of agri-food products at a rate that significantly exceeds the rate of increase in exports. As a result, the import-export coverage ratio is decreasing, and for many commodity groups and commodity items, instead of a positive trade balance, a negative oneappears. This article is devoted to the study of the formation of volume, dynamics, structure and reasons forthe increase in the cost of imports based on the use of methods and techniques of economic and statisticalanalysis. The paper states that the main reason for the increase in the volume and value of imports is thedisproportion between the low growth rates of domestic production of agricultural and food industry productsand the high growth rates of household incomes. The latter circumstance contributes to the formation of aconstantly growing demand and a shortage of goods for individual commodity items, which is covered by anincrease in imports. The analysis of the commodity and geographic structures of imports of goods of fourproduct sections was carried out in accordance with UKTVED. It has been established that for a number ofcommodity groups and commodity items of the first, second and fourth sections, imports increase for suchtypes of products for the production of which Ukraine has the necessary conditions (livestock products, vegetables, fruits, berries, seeds of cereals and oilseeds, most of the commodity food groups). Increasing theproduction of these types of products can significantly reduce their imports. For products of other commoditygroups and commodity items in Ukraine, there are no necessary conditions (tropical crops, fish and crustaceans, etc.) and the cost of imports is determined by the financial capabilities of importers. The study of thegeographical structure shows that the main exporters of agri-food products to Ukraine are the countries ofthe European Union, which fully use the conditions of the free trade zone with Ukraine and are the mainsuppliers of products of the first and fourth sections (products of animal origin, some prepared food products). It is for these types of goods that a significant negative balance is formed in trade with the EU countries. It has also been established that imports from other regions of the world take place mainly for thosetypes of products that are not produced in Ukraine.The conclusions provide recommendations that relate to the possibilities of reducing imports, mainlyby increasing domestic production, without excluding the use of administrative regulation for certain types ofgoods.