Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare)
The characteristics of Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) plant, its pharmacological properties, and extracts’ composition are presented in this study. Results of the literature analysis, data on the biologically active compounds and areas of use of this medicinal plant are summarized. Viper'...
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V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
2020
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Ukrainica Bioorganica Acta| _version_ | 1871193606259212288 |
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| author | Kapusterynska, Anna R. Hamada, Vira R. Krvavych , Anna S. Konechna, Roksolana T. Kurka, Maria S. Novikov, Volodymyr P. |
| author_facet | Kapusterynska, Anna R. Hamada, Vira R. Krvavych , Anna S. Konechna, Roksolana T. Kurka, Maria S. Novikov, Volodymyr P. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "Anna R. Kapusterynska",
"institution": "Lviv Polytechnic National University, 3\/4 St. George’s Sq., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine. St."
},
{
"author": "Vira R. Hamada",
"institution": "Lviv Polytechnic National University, 3\/4 St. George’s Sq., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine. St."
},
{
"author": "Anna S. Krvavych ",
"institution": "Lviv Polytechnic National University, 3\/4 St. George’s Sq., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine. St."
},
{
"author": "Roksolana T. Konechna",
"institution": "Lviv Polytechnic National University, 3\/4 St. George’s Sq., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine. St."
},
{
"author": "Maria S. Kurka",
"institution": "Lviv Polytechnic National University, 3\/4 St. George’s Sq., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine. St."
},
{
"author": "Volodymyr P. Novikov",
"institution": "Lviv Polytechnic National University, 3\/4 St. George’s Sq., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine. St."
}
] |
| author_sort | Kapusterynska, Anna R. |
| baseUrl_str | https://bioorganica.com.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-19T14:56:52Z |
| description | The characteristics of Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) plant, its pharmacological properties, and extracts’ composition are presented in this study. Results of the literature analysis, data on the biologically active compounds and areas of use of this medicinal plant are summarized. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is a species of flowering plant in the borage family Boraginaceae. It is native to most of Europe as well as western and central Asia. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is a plant that has been utilized as food (honey), medicine, a poison, an oil, and as a dye and tannin-producing ornamental plant. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is especially rich in pyrrolizidine alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolcarboxylic acids, sterones and naphthoquinones. In traditional medicine, Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is utilized as exhilarant and a mood stimulant. That is why one of the possible uses of this plant is considered to be treatment of depressive states. Like most representatives of Boraginaceae family, it has been insufficiently studied. No previous work quantifying flavonoids content of aerial parts of Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) growing in Ukraine has been presented. Continuing the studies of this species, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) aerial parts were obtained and their phytochemical composition was investigated. For the first time, the qualitative analysis of Viper’s bugloss’s extracts in relation to biologically active compounds and the quantitative analysis of flavonoids by aluminum chloride spectrophotometric method are reported. The experimental results indicated that the total flavonoid concentration was 2.59% in extract. The maximum yield of extractives was found to be 16%. The obtained research data will be used in future investigations. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.15407/bioorganica2020.01.042 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:19:54Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
ISSN 1814-9758. Ukr. Bioorg. Acta, 2020, Vol. 15, N 1
UDC 615.322
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/bioorganica2020.01.042
42
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Investigation of the extract's composition of Viper's bugloss
(Echium vulgare)
Anna R. Kapusterynska, Vira R. Hamada, Anna S. Krvavych, Roksolana T. Konechna, Maria S. Kurka,
Volodymyr P. Novikov*
Lviv Polytechnic National University, 3/4 St. Yura Sq., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine.
Abstract: The characteristics of Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) plant, its pharmacological properties, and extracts’ composition are
presented in this study. Results of the literature analysis, data on the biologically active compounds and areas of use of this medicinal plant
are summarized. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is a species of flowering plant in the borage family Boraginaceae. It is native to most of
Europe as well as western and central Asia. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is a plant that has been utilized as food (honey), medicine, a
poison, an oil, and as a dye and tannin-producing ornamental plant. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is especially rich in pyrrolizidine
alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolcarboxylic acids, sterones and naphthoquinones. In traditional medicine, Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is
utilized as exhilarant and a mood stimulant. That is why one of the possible uses of this plant is considered to be treatment of depressive
states. Like most representatives of Boraginaceae family, it has been insufficiently studied. No previous work quantifying flavonoids
content of aerial parts of Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) growing in Ukraine has been presented. Continuing the studies of this species, the
aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) aerial parts were obtained and their phytochemical composition was
investigated. For the first time, the qualitative analysis of biologically active compounds in Viper’s bugloss’s extract as well as the
quantitative analysis of flavonoids by aluminum chloride spectrophotometric method are reported. The experimental results showed that
the total concentration of flavonoids was 2.59% in the extract. The maximum yield of extractives was found to be 16%. The obtained
research data will be used in future investigations.
Keywords: Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare); biologically active substances; flavonoids; depression.
Introduction
Depressive disorders, including major depression and
dysthymia, are serious, disabling, and often difficult-to-treat
illnesses. A promising direction in the treatment of
depressive disorders is the study of existing and creation of
new effective herbal remedies. A large number of herbal
antidepressants on the Ukrainian market, such as
"Life 900", "Sedariston", "Neuroplant", "Deprivit" and
others, based on the extract of St. John's wort (Hypericum
perforatum).
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published online:
20.05.2020
03.06.2020
10.06.2020
30.06.2020
Corresponding author. Tel.: +380-32-258-2478;
e-mail: tbsfb.dept@lpnu.ua (V.P. Novicov)
ORCID: 0000-0002-0485-8720
Among these objects of research, the well-known
honeysuckle Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) attracts
special attention as a promising source of biologically
active substances (BAS) for the treatment of depression [1].
This paper analyzes the literature sources that contain
information on the chemical composition of the plant, its
application in folk and traditional medicine and prospects
for its use. We also presented our studies of the quantitative
content of extractive substances, flavonoids, and qualitative
determination of various BAS groups in the plant raw
materials [2].
Results and Discussion
Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare), or Blueweed, is a species of
flowering plant in the borage family of Boraginaceae.
Viper’s bugloss (E. vulgare) can be biennial or short-lived
perennial. The stems of mature plants are straight and
reaching over 70 cm in height. Stem leaves are alternate,
linear-lanceolate, sessile, basal leaves narrowed to a petiole,
© Kapusterynska A.R. et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Ukrainica Bioorganica Acta
www.bi oorgan ica .org .ua
mailto:tbsfb.dept@lpnu.ua
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-3412
ISSN 1814-9758. Ukr. Bioorg. Acta, 2020, Vol. 15, N 1
43
dry up during the flowering stage. Both stems and leaves
are covered with stout. The stem terminates in a panicle
inflorescence, and each branch of the panicle forms a short
helicoid cyme subtended by an upper foliage leaf. There can
be as many as 50 cymes per stem, and each cyme bears up
to 20 flowers on the top. The showy flowers range in size
from 1 to 2 cm. The funnel-shaped, five-lobed flowers are
typically bright blue, but may also be purple, pink or rarely,
white (Figure 1). The seeds of Viper’s bugloss (E. vulgare)
are called nutlets. They are brown or gray with a rounded
pyramid shape and are quite small. [3].
Figure 1. Viper's bugloss (E. Vulgare).
Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) grows throughout Ukraine.
It grows best in sunny areas, such as meadows, overgrazed
pastures, poorly drained slopes and roadsides. It usually will
not do well in cultivated ground. [4].
E. vulgare belongs to dye and tannin producing,
medicinal, ornamental, and bee plants since it is a source of
nectar and pollen forage. The flowers of E. vulgare are
frequently visited by bumblebees and honey bees. Nectar
contains 30-40% sugars and is mostly sucrose-dominated.
Honey productivity is 300-400 kg/ha. Honey from E.
vulgare has a light color, a pleasant smell, and a delicate
taste. It contains a number of components that act as
conservatives, such as vitamin C, flavonoids, and other
phenols, as well as enzymes like glucose oxidase, catalase,
and peroxidase, so it can remain preserved in a completely
edible form for a long time. Basal leaves and young shoots
of E. vulgare can be eaten in salads or stirfried.
The decoction of the Blueweed is used in folk medicine
as an expectorant and soothing remedy for common or
whooping cough, and as anticonvulsant and sedative for
epilepsy. It is also used externally against rheumatic pains
in joints, tendon sprains etc. [5]. E. vulgare contains
hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids such as cynoglossin and
consolidin, which can be toxic to horses and cattle when
consumed in large amounts. Its roots yield a water-insoluble
carmine-red dye alkannin for wool, and its flowers contain
anthocyanin, which appears as a red pigment in acidic and
blue in alkaline conditions. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) has
been planted as an ornamental plant. It also has the fatty
acid composition of the seed oil (28-32%) and is grown as
an oilseed crop. The seed oil from E. vulgare contains
significant amounts of omega-3 and omega-6
polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as g-linolenic acid
(GLA) and rare stearidonic acid (SDA) [3].
Based on literature reports on the chemical composition
of the Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare), we can identify the
following groups of BAS (Figure 2):
• flavonoids (derivatives of kaempferol, quercetin,
quercitrin, hesperidin, hesperetin, rutin, naringenin,
naringin, apigenin);
• alkaloids (echimidine, acetylechimidine, uplandicine,
9-O-angelylretronecine, echiuplatine, leptanthine,
echimiplatine, echivulgarine, vulgarine, and 7-O-
acetylvulgarine);
• tannins (in the roots (1.59%), leaves, flowers (0.98%),
stems (0.58%));
• dyes (alkannin in the roots and anthocyanin in the
flowers);
• fatty acids (saturated palmitic (5.65-17.81%), stearic
(1.49-5.08%) fatty acids, mono-unsaturated oleic (8.83-
55.32%), eicosenoic (0.22-6.21%), erucic (0.04-8.94%),
nervonic (0.08-2.71%) fatty acids, and PUFAs such as
linoleic (between 1.41 and 68.44%) and stearidonic acids
(between 0.02 and 14.59%);
• polysaccharides (D-galactose, D-glucose, L-arabinose,
and L-rhamnose);
• amino acids (16 amino acids, including 7 essential:
lysine (247.10 μg/100 mg), tyrosine (236.20 μg/100 mg),
glutamic (184.95 μg/kg) and aspartic acids (186.35 μg/
100 mg) in the roots; phenylalanine (244.53 μg/100 mg),
glutamic acid (488.20 μg/kg), and glycine (283.54 μg/
100 mg) in the shoots;
• phenolic acids (gallic, benzoic, isopherulic,
chlorogenic, vanillic, salicylic, ferulic, p-hydroxybenzoic,
protocatechuic, alpha-coumaric and p-coumaric acids,
catechol, catechin);
• microelements (potassium (9.660 μg/kg in the roots,
9.170 μg/kg in the shoots), calcium (2.710 μg/kg in the
roots, 2.220 μg/kg in the shoots); the content of silicon in
the shoots is 2.580 μg/kg, which is 1.7 times higher than in
the roots) [5-7].
The major phytochemicals that were recognized in E.
vulgare extract are kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside 1,
which is a derivative of kaempferol 2, uridine 3, 3-(3,4-
dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid 4, and rosmarinic acid 5
(Figure 2) [8].
Iranian scientists at Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences have found that the aqueous and ethanolic
flavonoids-containing extracts of E. vulgare inhibit mono-
amino oxidase enzyme (MAO) that can leads to a
significant antidepressant effect [9]. The potential
antidepressant effects of extracts of E. vulgare were
investigated on mice using a forced swimming test. This
https://www.britannica.com/technology/dye
A. R. Kapusterynska, V.R. Hamada, A. S. Krvavych et al.
44
Figure 2. The major components of the Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) alcoholic extract: kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside 1, kaempferol 2,
uridine 3, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid 4 and rosmarinic acid 5.
test was performed in two sessions. In the pretest session
(24 hours before the main session), each mouse (BALB/c
male, weight 25-30 g) was forced to swim in a cylindrical-
shaped container (diameter 10 cm, height 25 cm, water
height 11 cm, temperature 25±1 °C). This preliminary test
is stress-inducing and mice gradually lose their movement
behavior. After 15 minutes, animals were removed and
dried. Then, 23.5 hours later the relevant extract sample
was injected intraperitoneally (IP) into mice. The main test
was performed 30 minutes later. In this test, each mouse
was left in the same container for 6 minutes and the
following behaviors were recorded:
1. Immobility: floating in the water without swimming.
2. Swimming: active movement of extremities and
circling in the container.
3. Climbing: active movement of forelimbs on the
container wall.
The tests were performed on three groups of mice, eight
mice in each. The first group received the drug
imipramine, which is a selective inhibitor of monoamine
reuptake (antidepressant). Group 2 received aqueous and
alcoholic extracts of Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) in
various concentrations. The results showed that the
extracts have a clear antidepressant activity that is
comparable to imipramine. [9].
The pyrrolizidine alkaloids previously identified in
floral honey attributed to E. vulgare were detected by
Boppre et al. in Germany. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were
isolated from the aqueous acid extracts of pollen by use of
strong cation-exchange, solid-phase extraction and identified
by liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric (LCMS)
analysis. The pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the pollen are present
mainly as the N-oxides. In addition to the previously
described pyrrolizidine alkaloids and/or their
N-oxides (echimidine, acetylechimidine, uplandicine,
9-O-angelylretronecine, echiuplatine, leptanthine, and
echimiplatine), one unidentified (echivulgarine), but
previously found in honey, and two previously undescribed
(vulgarine and 7-O-acetylvulgarine) pyrrolizidine alkloids
and/or their N-oxides were identified in the pollen [10].
Pyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing plants are widely
distributed throughout the world. The structural types and
concentrations of the alkaloids vary among plant species. In
addition, within a species of plant, concentrations vary with
environment and location. Many pyrrolizidine alkaloids are
toxic and cause poisoning in livestock and humans [11-13].
That is why to detect and determine the content of alkaloids
in specific plants it is necessary to develop a rapid, sensitive,
and specific method, which will be one of our goals of future
research.
Experimental section
The source material for phytochemical studies was the
stems of Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare), which was collected in
the Mykolaiv region during the period of maximum
accumulation BAR (July 2019). The procurement of raw
materials was carried out according to regulatory and
analytical documentation [2]. Air-dried raw materials were
prepared in an Excelsior-shredding Machine. Studies of the
ISSN 1814-9758. Ukr. Bioorg. Acta, 2020, Vol. 15, N 1
45
extracts were performed according to standard methods
using reagents that were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich Corp.
and Merk. Analytical scales AS 220 from RADWAG,
Poland was used to weigh samples.
The amount of extractives was measured by the
gravimetric method [2]. The maximum yield of extractives
was 16%.
The method of UV spectroscopy (Hitachi U-2810
spectrophotometer) was used to detect the quantitative
content of flavonoids. The aluminum chloride method was
used to determine the total flavonoid compounds [3]. The
content of flavonoids in terms of avicularin and absolutely
dry raw material in percent (X) was calculated by the
formula:
х =
𝐷 × 100 × 100 × 25
330 ×𝑚 × (100 −𝑊)
where D is the optical density of the test solution;
330 – specific absorption rate of avicularin complex with
aluminum chloride at 410 nm; m – weight of sample in
grams; W – weight loss during drying of raw materials, %.
The powdered plant materials in the amount of 1 g was
loaded into a 150 ml flask, 30 ml of 70% alcohol was
added and refluxed in a water bath for 30 minutes. The
flask was cooled to room temperature, and the mixture
were passed through filter paper into a 100 ml volumetric
flask. The extraction protocol was repeated 2 times as
described above. The combined extracts were filtered, the
solids were washed with 70% alcohol and the volume of
the filtrate was adjusted to the mark (solution A).
Solution A (4 ml) was loaded into a 25 ml volumetric
flask, 2 ml of a 2% solution of aluminum chloride in 95%
ethanol was added and brought the volume with a 95%
ethanol to the mark; after 20 min, the optical density of the
solution was determined using spectrophotometer at a
wavelength of 410 nm in a cuvette with a layer thickness
of 10 mm. For comparison, the following solution was
used: 4 ml of solution A was loaded into a 25 ml
volumetric flask, a 1 drop of a dilute hydrochloric acid was
added and the volume of the solution was adjusted to the
mark with 95% ethanol. The flavonoid content was
calculated based on dry raw material and found to be
2.59%.
With the help of qualitative reactions, the analysis for
the presence of certain groups of BAS of medicinal plant
raw materials was performed. The results of the identified
substances are presented in Table 1.
Therefore, the obtained data demonstrated the presence
of BAS in the object under study and provide insentives
for further study.
It should be noted that the presence echimidine in the
extract of the Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) requires
additional studies on the toxicity of extracts from this
plant. Because this plant is widely used as a honey plant
and contains alkaloids, there are several studies on their
presence in honey.
Table 1. The results of the qualitative analysis of the Viper's
bugloss (E. vulgare) shoot extract.
BAS Reagents Results
Alkaloids
50% C2H5OH, 95% C2H5OH,
Mg (dust), conc. HCl
+
(red solution)
Bouchard-Wagner
K[I3]
+
(red-brown
precipitate)
Sonnenschein
1% H3PO4·12MoO3·2H2O
+
(amorphous
precipitates with
yellowish color)
0,1% tannic acid soluton +
(colorless)
Tannins
1% gelatin solution
+
(precipitate →
dissolves in
excess of reagent)
NH4Fe(SO4)2·12 H2O +
(dirty green)
10% CH3COOH,
10% Pb(CH₃COO)₂
+
(precipitate)
1% NH4Fe(SO4)2·12 H2O,
solid CH3COONa
+
(dirty green
precipitate)
Saponins
Foaming +
Salkowsky
CHCl3, conc. H2SO4
+
(dirty orange
solution)
FeCl3, K4[Fe(CN)6] +
(blue solution)
CuSO4, 1% NH4SCN
+
(white
precipitate)
NaHCO3, FeSO4,
H2SO4 aq. sol.
+
(purple →
colorless)
Polysaccharides 95% C2H5OH +
(precipitate)
Conclusions
The literature review has shown that Viper's bugloss (E.
vulgare) as a study object has several advantages and
A. R. Kapusterynska, V.R. Hamada, A. S. Krvavych et al.
46
disadvantages. The positive characteristics of the raw
material include its availability and high prevalence.
Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) grows throughout Ukraine
(rocky slopes, steppes, dry meadows, crops, fields).
Significant antidepressant effect is equal in power to the
official drugs and confirmed by foreign preclinical studies
as well as public sector research of this raw material. The
negative characteristics include the presence of
pyrolyzidine alkaloids among the plant's secondary
metabolites, which are dangerous to human health due to
their hepatotoxic effect. On the other hand, this opens new
horizons in the study of the psychotropic activity of the
Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) along with the development of
methods to diagnose the toxicity of raw materials. Studies
of Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) indicate the relevance and
prospects for further pharmacognostic and
pharmacological studies of the plant.
Notes
Author contributions. A. R. K., A. S. K.: performed the
spectrophotometric analysis. V. R. H., R. T. K.: a
qualitative and quantitative analysis. A. S. K.: wrote the
manuscript. M. S. K.: writing review. V. P. N.:
conceptualization, supervision.
References
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Т., Novikov V. P. Perspektyva vykorystannia dosvidu narodnoi
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International Scientific and Practical Internet Conference “Modern
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Ukrainian).
2. State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. State Enterprise “Scientific-Expert
Pharmacopoeia Center”, 1st ed., RIREG: Kharkiv, 2001; p 376 (In
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3. Wikipedia contributors. Echium vulgare [Internet]. Wikipedia, The
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of some Boraginaceae taxa from Turkey. Plant Systematics and
Evolution 2008, 274. 143-153.
7. Alsanie, W. F. et al. Viper's Bugloss (Echium Vulgare L) Extract as A
Natural Antioxidant and Its Effect on Hyperlipidemia. International
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(eIJPPR) 2018, 8, 81-89.
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Antidepressant Effects of Aerial Parts of Echium vulgare on Mice.
Iran J. Basic Med. Sci. 2007, 10, 189-196.
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Echium vulgare honey found in pure pollen. J. Agric. Food Chem.
2005, 53, 594-600.
11. Lee, S. T.; Schoch, T. K.; Stegelmeier, B. L.; Gardner, D. R. et al.
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Food Chem. 2001, 49, 4144-4151.
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Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare)
А. Р. Капустеринська, В. Р. Гамада, А. С. Крвавич, Р. Т. Конечна, М. С. Курка, В. П. Новіков*
Національний університет «Львівська політехніка», пл. Св. Юра, 3/4, Львів, 79013, Україна
Резюме: Об`єктом наших досліджень було обрано траву синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare). В цій статті надається узагальнена характеристика
лікарської рослини синяка звичайного (E. vulgare), його фармакологічних властивостей, вмісту біологічно активних речовин. Cиняк звичайний
(E. vulgare) - це вид квітучої рослини сімейства шорстколистих (Boraginaceae). Поширений синяк по всій Україні. Заготовляють його у районах
поширення. Cиняк звичайний (E. vulgare) - медоносна, харчова, лікарська, отруйна, танідоносна, фарбувальна, олійна і декоративна рослина.
Cиняк звичайний (E. vulgare) особливо багатий алкалоїдами пірролізидину, флавоноїдами, фенолкарбоновими кислотами, фітостеронами та
нафтохінонами. Ця лікарська рослина, як і більшість представників Boraginaceae, недостатньо вивчена. Продовжуючи працювати з дослідженням
цього виду, отримали водні та етанольні екстракти з надземної частини синяка звичайного (E. vulgare) та визначали їх фітохімічний склад.
Вперше наводиться аналіз якісного складу синяка звичайного (E. vulgare), що росте в Україні, щодо вмісту біологічно активних речовин та
визначений кількісний вміст флавоноїдів за допомогою спектрофотометричного методу. Експериментальні результати показали, що загальний
вміст флавоноїдів становить 2,59%. Максимальний вихід екстрактивних речовин становив 16%. У традиційній медицині синяк звичайний (E.
vulgare) використовується як кровоочисний та протисудомний засіб,а також як стимулятор настрою. Ось чому рослина розглядається з точки
зору можливого використання при лікуванні депресивних станів. Не було зафіксовано жодної попередньої роботи щодо кількісного вмісту
флавоноїдів у надземній частині синяка звичайного (E. vulgare), що росте в Україні. Отримані дані будуть використані у майбутніх дослідженнях.
Ключові слова: синяк звичайний (Echium vulgare); біологічно активні речовини; флавоноїди; депресія.
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| id | oai:ojs2.bioorganica.com.ua:article-7 |
| institution | Ukrainica Bioorganica Acta |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-20T01:01:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | bioorganicacomua/0b/e12290c8589db234e31c656d77f64d0b.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.bioorganica.com.ua:article-72026-07-19T14:56:52Z Investigation of the extract's composition of Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare) Kapusterynska, Anna R. Hamada, Vira R. Krvavych , Anna S. Konechna, Roksolana T. Kurka, Maria S. Novikov, Volodymyr P. Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) biologically active substances flavonoids depression синяк звичайний (Echium vulgare) біологічно активні речовини флавоноїди депресія The characteristics of Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) plant, its pharmacological properties, and extracts’ composition are presented in this study. Results of the literature analysis, data on the biologically active compounds and areas of use of this medicinal plant are summarized. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is a species of flowering plant in the borage family Boraginaceae. It is native to most of Europe as well as western and central Asia. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is a plant that has been utilized as food (honey), medicine, a poison, an oil, and as a dye and tannin-producing ornamental plant. Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is especially rich in pyrrolizidine alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolcarboxylic acids, sterones and naphthoquinones. In traditional medicine, Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) is utilized as exhilarant and a mood stimulant. That is why one of the possible uses of this plant is considered to be treatment of depressive states. Like most representatives of Boraginaceae family, it has been insufficiently studied. No previous work quantifying flavonoids content of aerial parts of Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) growing in Ukraine has been presented. Continuing the studies of this species, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Viper's bugloss (E. vulgare) aerial parts were obtained and their phytochemical composition was investigated. For the first time, the qualitative analysis of Viper’s bugloss’s extracts in relation to biologically active compounds and the quantitative analysis of flavonoids by aluminum chloride spectrophotometric method are reported. The experimental results indicated that the total flavonoid concentration was 2.59% in extract. The maximum yield of extractives was found to be 16%. The obtained research data will be used in future investigations. Об`єктом наших досліджень було обрано траву синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare). В цій статті надається узагальнена характеристика лікарської рослини синяка звичайного (E. vulgare), його фармакологічних властивостей, вмісту біологічно активних речовин. Cиняк звичайний (E. vulgare) - це вид квітучої рослини сімейства шорстколистих (Boraginaceae). Поширений синяк по всій Україні. Заготовляють його у районах поширення. Cиняк звичайний (E. vulgare) - медоносна, харчова, лікарська, отруйна, танідоносна, фарбувальна, олійна і декоративна рослина. Cиняк звичайний (E. vulgare) особливо багатий алкалоїдами пірролізидину, флавоноїдами, фенолкарбоновими кислотами, фітостеронами та нафтохінонами. Ця лікарська рослина, як і більшість представників Boraginaceae, недостатньо вивчена. Продовжуючи працювати з дослідженням цього виду, отримали водні та етанольні екстракти з надземної частини синяка звичайного (E. vulgare) та визначали їх фітохімічний склад. Вперше наводиться аналіз якісного складу синяка звичайного (E. vulgare), що росте в Україні, щодо вмісту біологічно активних речовин та визначений кількісний вміст флавоноїдів за допомогою спектрофотометричного методу. Експериментальні результати показали, що загальний вміст флавоноїдів становить 2,59%. Максимальний вихід екстрактивних речовин становив 16%. У традиційній медицині синяк звичайний (E. vulgare) використовується як кровоочисний та протисудомний засіб,а також як стимулятор настрою. Ось чому рослина розглядається з точки зору можливого використання при лікуванні депресивних станів. Не було зафіксовано жодної попередньої роботи щодо кількісного вмісту флавоноїдів у надземній частині синяка звичайного (E. vulgare), що росте в Україні. Отримані дані будуть використані у майбутніх дослідженнях V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2020-06-30 Article Article application/pdf application/pdf https://bioorganica.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/7 10.15407/bioorganica2020.01.042 Ukrainica Bioorganica Acta; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2020): Ukrainica Bioorganica Acta; 42-46 Ukrainica Bioorganica Acta; Том 15 № 1 (2020): Ukrainica Bioorganica Acta; 42-46 1814-9766 1814-9758 10.15407/bioorganica2020.01 en https://bioorganica.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/7/9 https://bioorganica.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/7/10 Copyright (c) 2020 Anna R. Kapusterynska, Vira R. Hamada, Anna S. Krvavych , Roksolana T. Konechna, Maria S. Kurka, Volodymyr P. Novikov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | синяк звичайний (Echium vulgare) біологічно активні речовини флавоноїди депресія Kapusterynska, Anna R. Hamada, Vira R. Krvavych , Anna S. Konechna, Roksolana T. Kurka, Maria S. Novikov, Volodymyr P. Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare) |
| title | Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare) |
| title_alt | Investigation of the extract's composition of Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) |
| title_full | Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare) |
| title_fullStr | Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare) |
| title_short | Дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (Echium vulgare) |
| title_sort | дослідження компонентного складу екстрактів синяка звичайного (echium vulgare) |
| topic | синяк звичайний (Echium vulgare) біологічно активні речовини флавоноїди депресія |
| topic_facet | Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) biologically active substances flavonoids depression синяк звичайний (Echium vulgare) біологічно активні речовини флавоноїди депресія |
| url | https://bioorganica.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/7 |
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