Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини
Introduction The level of pyrogenic transformation of forest ecosystems damaged by surface fires can be determined by a differentiated assessment of their main components. After the fire, the ecological environment of plants changes in a special way. For example, even after surface fires of medium i...
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| Datum: | 2021 |
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Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM)
2021
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Forestry and Forest Melioration| _version_ | 1856543447821844480 |
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| author | Voron, V. P. Melnyk, Ye. Ye. Sydorenko, S. G. Koval, I. M. Sydorenko , S. V. |
| author_facet | Voron, V. P. Melnyk, Ye. Ye. Sydorenko, S. G. Koval, I. M. Sydorenko , S. V. |
| author_sort | Voron, V. P. |
| baseUrl_str | |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2022-06-08T11:10:00Z |
| description | Introduction
The level of pyrogenic transformation of forest ecosystems damaged by surface fires can be determined by a differentiated assessment of their main components. After the fire, the ecological environment of plants changes in a special way. For example, even after surface fires of medium intensity, the amount of light reaching the surface under the tree canopy increases due to the death of some trees. Sunlight penetrates more into the soil, heating and drying it. The litter burning creates favorable conditions for seed germination and the emergence of self-seeding. At the same time, the ash left on the soil surface can significantly alkalize the soil, which affects many forest associations. Indirect analysis of such phenomena is possible through the use of phytoindication methods. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of surface fires on the development of grass and shrub layers in pine forests, as well as make phytoindication estimation of the studied forest phytocenoses.
Materials and Methods
Sample plots were established in pine forests within the Forest-Steppe part of Kharkiv region, damaged by surface fires. For the study, 23 permanent sample plots were established in middle-aged pine stands. The species composition, ecomorphic and biomorphic structures of the above-ground cover were compared for a detailed analysis of changes after surface fires. Ecological amplitudes were estimated based on the phytoindication method of ecological factors developed by Didukh with the use of unified scales for the Ukrainian flora species. The light regime and trophic properties of soils caused by fire disturbance were investigated.
Results
Based on the series of field geobotanical studies, 57 species of plants belonging to 23 families were identified. Among the most common species are Erigeron canadensis L. (Asteraceae), Calamagrostis epigeios L. (Poaceae), Lactuca serriola L. (Asteraceae), and Chamaecytisus ruthenicus (Fisch. Ex Wol?osz. Kl?sk.) (Fabaceae). In a case when pine stands are damaged by fires before the beginning of the growing season, i.e. in early spring, then the Erigeron canadensis L. and Calamagrostis epigeios L. may appear in a few months. Spring fire does not destroy cereal vegetation but creates conditions for the dominance of a number of adventitious and invasive species, such as Erigeron canadensis L. and Erigeron annuus L. In the second and third years after the spring fires, there is also a significant increase in the total projective cover of the above species, especially of Erigeron canadensis L. (from 22 to 52%) and Calamagrostis epigeios L. (from 11 to 46%). After summer surface fires, living ground cover in the year of fire often does not appear.
Conclusions
After the destruction of the ground cover by fire, forest species are almost absent in the first years. The living ground cover developed mainly through the formation of shoots from the buds of meadow species, which had survived after the fire (Calamagrostis epigeios L.), and through the self-sowing of weeds such as Lactuca serriola L. and Crepis tectorum L. and invasive species that are able to very quickly inhabit new areas, especially Erigeron canadensis L. In subsequent years (up to three years) forest species are found in minimal numbers. Only four years after the fire, a significant decrease in weeds and an increase of forest species (Festuca ovina L., Chamaerion angustifolium (L.) Holub., etc.) were observed. The number of meadow species was almost unchanged during the monitoring period. Significant changes in most environmental factors were not observed after the fires and in subsequent years in forest ecosystems. Only the light availability has increased noticeably during the first year, due to the tree canopy thinning. |
| first_indexed | 2026-02-08T08:03:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:ojs2.forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua:article-321 |
| institution | Forestry and Forest Melioration |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-02-08T08:03:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM) |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua:article-3212022-06-08T11:10:00Z Grass cover successions in the fire-damaged pine phytocoenoses in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини Voron, V. P. Melnyk, Ye. Ye. Sydorenko, S. G. Koval, I. M. Sydorenko , S. V. Pinus sylvestris L., living ground cover, phytoindication, post-fire changes, soil property, ecological groups. Pinus sylvestris L., живий надґрунтовий покрив, фітоіндикація, постпірогенні зміни, властивості ґрунтів, екогрупи. Introduction The level of pyrogenic transformation of forest ecosystems damaged by surface fires can be determined by a differentiated assessment of their main components. After the fire, the ecological environment of plants changes in a special way. For example, even after surface fires of medium intensity, the amount of light reaching the surface under the tree canopy increases due to the death of some trees. Sunlight penetrates more into the soil, heating and drying it. The litter burning creates favorable conditions for seed germination and the emergence of self-seeding. At the same time, the ash left on the soil surface can significantly alkalize the soil, which affects many forest associations. Indirect analysis of such phenomena is possible through the use of phytoindication methods. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of surface fires on the development of grass and shrub layers in pine forests, as well as make phytoindication estimation of the studied forest phytocenoses. Materials and Methods Sample plots were established in pine forests within the Forest-Steppe part of Kharkiv region, damaged by surface fires. For the study, 23 permanent sample plots were established in middle-aged pine stands. The species composition, ecomorphic and biomorphic structures of the above-ground cover were compared for a detailed analysis of changes after surface fires. Ecological amplitudes were estimated based on the phytoindication method of ecological factors developed by Didukh with the use of unified scales for the Ukrainian flora species. The light regime and trophic properties of soils caused by fire disturbance were investigated. Results Based on the series of field geobotanical studies, 57 species of plants belonging to 23 families were identified. Among the most common species are Erigeron canadensis L. (Asteraceae), Calamagrostis epigeios L. (Poaceae), Lactuca serriola L. (Asteraceae), and Chamaecytisus ruthenicus (Fisch. Ex Wol?osz. Kl?sk.) (Fabaceae). In a case when pine stands are damaged by fires before the beginning of the growing season, i.e. in early spring, then the Erigeron canadensis L. and Calamagrostis epigeios L. may appear in a few months. Spring fire does not destroy cereal vegetation but creates conditions for the dominance of a number of adventitious and invasive species, such as Erigeron canadensis L. and Erigeron annuus L. In the second and third years after the spring fires, there is also a significant increase in the total projective cover of the above species, especially of Erigeron canadensis L. (from 22 to 52%) and Calamagrostis epigeios L. (from 11 to 46%). After summer surface fires, living ground cover in the year of fire often does not appear. Conclusions After the destruction of the ground cover by fire, forest species are almost absent in the first years. The living ground cover developed mainly through the formation of shoots from the buds of meadow species, which had survived after the fire (Calamagrostis epigeios L.), and through the self-sowing of weeds such as Lactuca serriola L. and Crepis tectorum L. and invasive species that are able to very quickly inhabit new areas, especially Erigeron canadensis L. In subsequent years (up to three years) forest species are found in minimal numbers. Only four years after the fire, a significant decrease in weeds and an increase of forest species (Festuca ovina L., Chamaerion angustifolium (L.) Holub., etc.) were observed. The number of meadow species was almost unchanged during the monitoring period. Significant changes in most environmental factors were not observed after the fires and in subsequent years in forest ecosystems. Only the light availability has increased noticeably during the first year, due to the tree canopy thinning. Наведено результати дослідження зміни трав’яно-чагарникового ярусу в середньовікових сосняках лісостепової частині Харківщини, пошкоджених низовими пожежами різної інтенсивності,. Дослідження проводили на 23 постійних пробних площах, закладених у сосняках у типі лісу В2ДС. Для детального аналізу змін після низових пожеж проаналізовано динаміку видового складу та проєктивного покриття надґрунтового покриву. На основі розробленого Я. П. Дідухом методу фітоіндикації екологічних факторів за уніфікованими шкалами екологічних амплітуд видів флори України оцінено світловий режим і властивості ґрунтів у насадженнях, які зазнали порушень після лісових пожеж. Виявлено, що зміни в надґрунтовому покриві залежать від інтенсивності пожежі та пори року, коли сталося пошкодження. Формування живого надґрунтового покриву відбувається через утворення пагонів із бруньок лучних видів рослин, що збереглися після пожежі, і самосів бур’янів та інвазійних видів. Суттєвих змін більшості екологічних та едафічних факторів після пожеж та у подальші роки в соснових фітоценозах не сталося. Лише рівень освітлення помітно збільшувався вже в рік пошкодження, що пов’язане зі зрідженням деревного намету. Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM) 2021-12-23 Article Article application/pdf https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/321 10.33220/1026-3365.139.2021.79 Forestry and Forest Melioration; No. 139 (2021): Forestry and Forest Melioration; 79-86 Лісівництво і Агролісомеліорація; № 139 (2021): Лісівництво і Агролісомеліорація; 79-86 2663-4147 1026-3365 10.33220/1026-3365.139.2021 uk https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/321/294 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Pinus sylvestris L. живий надґрунтовий покрив фітоіндикація постпірогенні зміни властивості ґрунтів екогрупи. Voron, V. P. Melnyk, Ye. Ye. Sydorenko, S. G. Koval, I. M. Sydorenko , S. V. Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини |
| title | Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини |
| title_alt | Grass cover successions in the fire-damaged pine phytocoenoses in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region |
| title_full | Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини |
| title_fullStr | Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини |
| title_full_unstemmed | Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини |
| title_short | Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини |
| title_sort | сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини харківщини |
| topic | Pinus sylvestris L. живий надґрунтовий покрив фітоіндикація постпірогенні зміни властивості ґрунтів екогрупи. |
| topic_facet | Pinus sylvestris L. living ground cover phytoindication post-fire changes soil property ecological groups. Pinus sylvestris L. живий надґрунтовий покрив фітоіндикація постпірогенні зміни властивості ґрунтів екогрупи. |
| url | https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/321 |
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