ДИСКРЕТНО-ІМПУЛЬСНЕ ВВЕДЕННЯ ЕНЕРГІЇ ЯК АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНИЙ МЕТОД ПАРОВОГО ВИБУХУ ПРИ ПЕРЕРОБЦІ ЛІГНІНОВМІСНОЇ СИРОВИНИ НА БІОПАЛИВО

• Date: 2025
• Main Authors: Obodovych, O., Ivanytskyi, G., Tselen, B., Radchenko, N., Gozhenko, L.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine 2025
• Online Access: https://ihe.nas.gov.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/649
• Journal Title: Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering

The article analyzes the current trends in the transition of biofuel production from the first generation to the second, when the main raw material is inefficient or unsuitable for industrial needs, as well as technologies and possible ways to increase their efficiency. The preliminary processing of raw materials before their enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation has been identified as promising. Methods applied at this technological stage of production, their disadvantages, and the conditions for their further successful implementation have been analyzed. The steam explosion method was identified as the most perspective. It was also found that the main limiting factor for its further industrial implementation is the complexity of designing equipment capable of ensuring the nearly instantly removal of the product obtained after the steam explosion. Therefore, as an alternative, a method of discrete-pulse energy input, which is simpler to implement, has been proposed, the fundamental principles of which are incorporated into the operation of a rotor-pulsation apparatus. The structural features and operating principles of the proposed apparatus are described in detail, and it is demonstrated that the effects produced cannot be replicated using the steam explosion method, even with an increase in specific energy consumption. By comparing the proposed method with the steam explosion method, it established that the use of a rotor-pulsation apparatus increases the conversion degree by 1.2 to 1.7 times compared to steam explosion on the example of straw processing. The obtained results confirm the feasibility and appropriateness of using the discrete-pulse energy input method and rotor-pulsation apparatuses based on it for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic raw materials (e.g., corn stalks) prior to hydrolysis. In the future, the proposed equipment can be utilized in technologies for producing second-generation biofuels.