Перспективи лазерного звʼязку між штучними супутниками Землі

• Дата: 2025
• Автор: Hovorukha, Mykhailo
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of NAS of Ukraine 2025
• Теми: супутник; лазер; системи координат супутника; параметри орбіт; типи лазерів
• Онлайн доступ: https://jais.net.ua/index.php/files/article/view/527
• Назва журналу: Problems of Control and Informatics

The introduction briefly describes the physical principle of operation of lasers of various types. The use of lasers in various industries, construction, medicine, computing, military affairs, education, trade, etc. is mentioned. The main part of the article resolves the issue of the so-called first and necessary step (stage) of communication — this is «aiming». Let us assume that the optical axes of laser devices are structurally coplanar with the coordinate axes of satellites, which are collinear with the velocity vectors of the latter. Since communication can occur only when the optical axes of lasers coincide with the chord, which conditionally connects their points of location in orbit. It is clear that there will be certain angles between the chord and the velocity vectors. The task of «aiming» is to align the optical axes of laser devices. Satellites can be in circular or elliptical common orbits or in the same different orbits. As is known, the satellite linear velo­city vector coincides with the tangent to the trajectory and for circular orbits it is perpendicular to the satellite radius-vector. The distance between the satellites (chord) for circular orbits was determined from purely geometric considerations. Since for elliptical orbits the tangents are not perpendicular to the radius-vectors, and the normal is perpendicular to the tangent, it is necessary to make a correction to the definition of the angle between the chord and the linear velocity vector (optical axis of the laser device). The angle between the radius-vectors of elliptical orbits is determined through the vector product between them and the area of the parallelogram constructed on these vectors (Heron’s formula), and then use the sines theorem. It is assumed that such turns of the satellites will be performed by onboard navigation and stabilization systems based on input data from ground-based satellite observation points. Based on these theoretical considerations, a computer program was developed in Fortran 90/95. Calculations confirmed the correctness of the theory.