Біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench)
Objective – to investigate biochemical properties of plant raw material of cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. Material and methods. Investigated plants were cultivars and varieties of Sorghum sacch...
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M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
2018
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| author | Rakhmetov, D.B. Vergun, O.M. Blum, Ya.B. Rakhmetova, S.O. Fishchenko, V.V. |
| author_facet | Rakhmetov, D.B. Vergun, O.M. Blum, Ya.B. Rakhmetova, S.O. Fishchenko, V.V. |
| author_sort | Rakhmetov, D.B. |
| baseUrl_str | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2019-11-11T08:15:25Z |
| description | Objective – to investigate biochemical properties of plant raw material of cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine.
Material and methods. Investigated plants were cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum collected in experimental collection of Cultural Flora Department of National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine: S. saccharatum (SS), S. saccharatum cv. Botanichnyi (SSB), S. saccharatum cv. Energodar (SSE), S. saccharatum cv. Medove (SSM), S. saccharatum cv. Yantar (SSY), S. saccharatum f. AMBR1 (India) (SSA1), S. saccharatum f. AMBR2 (Kazakhstan) (SSA2), S. saccharatum f. AMBR5 (Kazakhstan) (SSA5). The content of dry matter was determined according to A.I. Yermakov et al. (1972), the total content of sugars and ascorbic acid concentration – according to V.P. Krishchenko (1983), the content of carotene – according to B.P. Pleshkov (1985), the content of ash – according to Z.M. Hrycaenko et al. (2003), the content of calcium and phosphorus – according to H.N. Pochinok (1976). Energetic value of dry plant raw material determined on calorimeter. Content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves detected according to M.M. Musienko et al. (2001).
Results. In the period of milkywax seed ripening the plant raw material of Sorghum saccharatum accumulated dry matter from 21.11 % (SSA1) to 46.41 % (SSB), total content of sugars – from 8.64 % (SSE) to 28.65 % (SSA1), ascorbic acid – from 11.39 mg% (SSA) to 35.96 mg% (SSA2), carotene – from 0.16 mg% (SSE) to 0.92 mg% (SSA2), ash – from 2.32 % (SSY) to 4.02 % (SSB), calcium – from 0.503 % (SSA5) to 1.127 % (SS), phosphorus – from 0.037 % (SSY) to 0.148 % (SSM). Energetic value of dry raw was from 2928.77 Cal/g (SSE) to 4075.62 Cal/ g (SSA5). Ratio of photosynthetic pigments content was 1.26 (SSM) – 6.20 (SSB).
Conclusions. Obtained data demonstrated that in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum are the valuable source of nutrients and biofuel in the period of milkywax seed ripening. Among investigated genotypes SSB characterized by the most content of dry matter and ash, SSA1 – total content of sugars, SSA2 – vitamins, SSA5 – energetic value. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5281/zenodo.2278755 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:38:53Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
83ISSN 16056574. Інтродукція рослин, 2018, № 3
UDC 633.17: 581.192
D.B. RAKHMETOV 1, O.M. VERGUN 1, YA.B. BLUM 2, S.О. RAKHMETOVA 1, V.V. FISHCHENKO 1
1 M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Ukraine, 01014, Kyiv, Timiryazevska str., 1
2 Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
Ukraine, 04123, Kyiv 123, Osipovskogo str., 2а
BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PLANT RAW MATERIAL
OF SWEET SORGHUM (SORGHUM SACCHARATUM (L.) MOENCH)
GENOTYPES
Objective — to investigate biochemical properties of plant raw material of cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum (L.)
Moench in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine.
Material and methods. Investigated plants were cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum collected in experimental
collection of Cultural Flora Department of National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine: S. saccharatum (SS), S. saccha
ratum, cv. Botanichnyi (SSB), S. saccharatum, cv. Energodar (SSE), S. saccharatum, cv. Medove (SSM), S. saccharatum,
cv. Yantar (SSY), S. saccharatum, f. AMBR1 (India) (SSA1), S. saccharatum, f. AMBR2 (Kazakhstan) (SSA2), S. sac
charatum, f. AMBR5 (Kazakhstan) (SSA5).
The content of dry matter was determined according to A.I. Yermakov et al. (1972), the total content of sugars and ascorbic
acid concentration — according to V.P. Krishchenko (1983), the content of carotene — according to B.P. Pleshkov (1985),
the content of ash — according to Z.M. Hrycaenko et al. (2003), the content of calcium and phosphorus — according to
H.N. Pochinok (1976). Energetic value of dry plant raw material determined on calorimeter. Content of photosynthetic pigments
in leaves detected according to M.M. Musienko et al. (2001).
Results. In the period of milkywax seed ripening the plant raw material of Sorghum saccharatum accumulated dry matter
from 21.11 % (SSA1) to 46.41 % (SSB), total content of sugars — from 8.64 % (SSE) to 28.65 % (SSA1), ascorbic acid —
from 11.39 mg% (SSA) to 35.96 mg% (SSA2), carotene — from 0.16 mg% (SSE) to 0.92 mg% (SSA2), ash — from 2.32 %
(SSY) to 4.02 % (SSB), calcium — from 0.503 % (SSA5) to 1.127 % (SS), phosphorus — from 0.037 % (SSY) to 0.148 %
(SSM). Energetic value of dry raw was from 2928.77 Cal/g (SSE) to 4075.62 Cal/ g (SSA5). Ratio of photosynthetic pigments
content was 1.26 (SSM) — 6.20 (SSB).
Conclusions. Obtained data demonstrated that in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS
of Ukraine cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum are the valuable source of nutrients and biofuel in the period
of milkywax seed ripening. Among investigated genotypes SSB characterized by the most content of dry matter and ash,
SSA1 — total content of sugars, SSA2 — vitamins, SSA5 — energetic value.
Key words: Sorghum saccharatum, plant raw material, biochemical properties, energy valuation.
© D.B. RAKHMETOV, O.M. VERGUN, Ya.B. BLUM,
S.О. RAKHMETOVA, V.V. FISHCHENKO, 2018
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench)
is a subspecies of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)
Moench) developed for its high stalk sugar content
rather than for grain production [29]. This warm
season tropical grass is reported to be the most
widely adapted species among cereal grasses that
perform favorably in dry environments [18]. Sor
ghum is important food crop in many areas of Asia,
Africa, and Latin America. In the United States
and Argentina sorghum is used primarily as animal
feed [25]. Last time numerous reviews about dif
ferent species of Sorghum Moench resulted about
active selection work [21; 22; 26]. Sweet sorghum
has been identified as a possible ethanol feedstock
because of its biomass yield and high concentra
tion of readily fermentable sugars [8; 11; 13; 19;
33]. Feasibility of ethanol production from sweet
sorghum juice and bagasse for second generation
ethanol production has already been presented in
many studies [7; 16; 24; 27; 28].
Kumar et al. (2010) were resulted that Sorghum
saccharatum (L.) Moench. can be recommended
for harvesting at both physiological maturity or
post physiological maturity due to high level of
sugars [10]. Physiological study on S. saccharatum
84 ISSN 16056574. Інтродукція рослин, 2018, № 3
D.B. Rakhmetov, O.M. Vergun, Ya.B. Blum, S.О. Rakhmetova, V.V. Fishchenko
showed that these plants can be used as bioindica
tor of presence of soil residues of herbicides [23].
As reported Rooney (1978), fatty acid composi
tion of sorghum grains its free fatty acids (70—
90 %), where palmitic acid was prevalent [25].
Methanol extracts of different species of Sorghum
showed an antiradical scavenging activity of 31.13—
86.48 % [32].
Objective — to evaluate plant raw material of
S. saccharatum (L.) Moench cultivars and varie
ties by biochemical characteristics.
Material and methods
Plant material was collected from the experimen
tal collection of Department of Cultural Flora in
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the
NAS of Ukraine in the milkywax seed ripening
stage: S. saccharatum (SS), S. saccharatum, cv. Bo
tanichnyi (SSB), S. saccharatum, cv. Energodar (SSE),
S. saccharatum, cv. Medove (SSM), S. saccharatum,
cv. Yantar (SSY), S. saccharatum, f. AMBR1 (India)
(SSA1), S. saccharatum, f. AMBR2 (Kazakh stan)
(SSA2), S. saccharatum, f. AMBR5 (Kazakh
stan) (SSA5).
All biochemical analyses were conducted using
aboveground part of plants in the milkywax ripen
ing period. The determination of absolutely dry
matter was done by drying to constant weight at
100—105 °С according to A.I. Yermakov et al. [3].
The total content of sugars was investigated by
Bertrand method in water extracts. The concen
tration of ascorbic acid (AA) of the acid extracts
was determined by a 2.6dichlorophenolindo
phenol method that based on the reduction prop
erties of AA. Both analyses carried out according
to V.P. Krishchenko [2]. The concentration of total
carotene determined according to B.P. Plesh kov.
The procedure carried out in petrol extracts by
spectrophotometric method using 2800 UV/VIS
Spectrophotometer, Unico. Mixtures were left in
a shaker for 2 hours and their absorbance was
measured at the wavelength of 440 nm [5]. The
level of total ash was determined using the method
of combustion in muffleoven (SNOL 7.21100,
Termolab) at 300—800 °С until the samples turned
into white ash to constant weight according to
Z.M. Hrycajenko et al. [1]. The concentration of
calcium was determined by titration method of
acid extracts with Trilon B. Phosphorus content in
plants was identified in acid extracts using molyb
denum solution. These analyses were done ac
cording to H.N. Pochinok [6]. Procedure of de
tection of energetic value was measured on calo
rimeter IKA200. I this case, dry plant raw mate
rial was burned in oxygen bomb. Measurement of
every sample was 15 minutes approximately and
expressed in Cal/g. Photosynthetic pigments iden
tified in acetone extracts at 662 nm (chlorophyll a),
644 nm (chlorophyll b) and 440 nm (carotenoids)
using spectrophotometer Unico UV 2800 accord
ing to M.M. Musienko [4].
Experimental data were evaluated by using
Excel 2010. Mean values of three replicates and
standard deviation are given in Tables 1—3.
Results and discussions
Knowledge of genetic diversity has an important
impact on the improvement of crop productivity.
Plants from Poaceae Barnhart. family well adapted
to low input conditions as well as to biotic and
abiotic stress factors [14]. Last time carry out in
vestigations of S. saccharatum concerning bio
chemical composition due to ecological proper
ties of these plants. It is relates with drought resist
ance of plants [30]. We investigated before bio
chemical composition of some Poaceae plants and
found that the most content of dry matter and to
tal content of sugars were detected in seed ripen
ing stage [9; 17; 31]. Also, we detected that these
plants are potential source of antioxidants [32].
Content of dry matter among investigated plants
was in range from 21.11 % (SSA1) to 46.41 %
(SSB) (Tabl. 1).
The knowledge on sugar components at differ
ent phenological stages of crop growth and identi
fication of appropriate stage of harvesting is critical
for sweet sorghum commercialization and value
chain sustenance. Variations in sugar content at
different growth stages revealed that the sugar
yield was high at physiological maturity, but high
est at postphysiological maturity [10]. Compared
to other sorghums, sweet sorghum produces less
grain but contains a large amount of readily fer
mentable sugars in the stem. Sweet sorghum stem
85ISSN 16056574. Інтродукція рослин, 2018, № 3
Biochemical composition of plant raw material of sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) genotypes
Table 1. The content of dry matter, total content of sugars and vitamins in aboveground parts
of plants of Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench depending on cultivars and varieties
Sample Dry matter, % Total content of sugars, % Ascorbic acid, mg% Carotene, mg%
SS 30.75 ± 0.07 18.31 ± 0.57 27.49 ± 1.01 0.39 ± 0.01
SSB 46.41 ± 0.70 9.58 ± 0.49 18.21 ± 0.21 0.45 ± 0.01
SSE 42.70 ± 0.59 8.64 ± 0.58 19.96 ± 0.65 0.16 ± 0.01
SSM 30.05 ± 0.18 22.45 ± 1.37 22.98 ± 1.08 0.26 ± 0.02
SSY 25.54 ± 0.56 20.58 ± 1.98 13.46 ± 1.55 0.20 ± 0.01
SSA1 21.11 ± 0.05 28.65 ± 1.44 26.05 ± 0.38 0.42 ± 0.02
SSA2 29.06 ± 0.46 14.05 ± 1.37 35.96 ± 1.90 0.92 ± 0.02
SSA5 30.77 ± 0.02 18.78 ± 1.80 11.39 ± 1.31 0.26 ± 0.01
Table 2. The content of ash, lipids and macroelements in aboveground parts
of plants of Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench depending on cultivars and varieties
Sample Ash, % Calcium, % Phosphorus, % Energetic value, Cal/g
SS 3.78 ± 0.59 1.127 ± 0.125 0.140 ± 0.007 3949.53 ± 55.60
SSB 4.02 ± 0.30 0.733 ± 0.006 0.040 ± 0.003 3865.88 ± 97.67
SSE 2.99 ± 0.13 0.610 ± 0.020 0.090 ± 0.001 2928.77 ± 85.70
SSM 2.50 ± 0.06 0.927 ± 0.066 0.148 ± 0.003 4001.22 ± 88.91
SSY 2.32 ± 0.09 0.727 ± 0.033 0.037 ± 0.004 3881.14 ± 96.21
SSA1 2.68 ± 0.03 0.780 ± 0.017 0.095 ± 0.001 4039.93 ± 33.80
SSA2 3.42 ± 0.11 1.027 ± 0.045 0.053 ± 0.004 3350.73 ± 79.81
SSA5 2.82 ± 0.23 0.503 ± 0.065 0.116 ± 0.001 4075.62 ± 110.20
Table 3. The content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of plants of Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench
depending on cultivars and varieties, mg/g (fresh weight)
Sample Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b Carotenoids Chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b
SS 0.141 ± 0.002 0.025 ± 0.004 0.166 ± 0.001 5.67
SSB 0.247 ± 0.034 0.040 ± 0.005 0.287 ± 0.039 6.20
SSE 0.120 ± 0.008 0.053 ± 0.008 0.173 ± 0.016 2.28
SSM 0.206 ± 0.004 0.163 ± 0.006 0.369 ± 0.011 1.26
SSY 0.245 ± 0.002 0.061 ± 0.002 0.305 ± 0.001 4.02
SSA1 0.302 ± 0.004 0.104 ± 0.008 0.406 ± 0.011 2.92
SSA2 0.193 ± 0.003 0.036 ± 0.002 0.229 ± 0.003 5.37
SSA5 0.194 ± 0.005 0.054 ± 0.009 0.247 ± 0.015 3.69
juice can be used for sugar, syrup, and ethanol
production [18].
Accumulation of sugars in plant raw material
of S. saccharatum plants was in range from 8.64 %
(SSE) to 28.65 % (SSA1). According to Koz
�
ow
ski et al. (2009), content of sugars in different
part of S. saccharatum plants was of 37.86 —
142.61 g/kg [12].
Concentration of ascorbic acid was from
11.39 mg% (SSA5) to 35.96 mg% (SSA2) and
carotene — from 0.16 mg% (SSE) to 0.92 mg%
(SSA2).
As shown in Table 2 the content of ash in plant
raw material was from 2.32 % (SSY) to 4.02 %
(SSB) (Tabl. 2). Content of calcium was in range from
0.503 % (SSA5) to 1.127 % (SS), phosphorus —
86 ISSN 16056574. Інтродукція рослин, 2018, № 3
D.B. Rakhmetov, O.M. Vergun, Ya.B. Blum, S.О. Rakhmetova, V.V. Fishchenko
from 0.037 % (SSY) to 0.148 % (SSM). Energetic
value of dry plant raw material was from 2928.77
Cal/g (SSE) to 4075.62 Cal/g (SSA5).
As resulted Koz� owski et al. (2009), content of
calcium in different organs of S. saccharatum was
of 3.04—12.05 g/kg, and phosphorus was of 1.16—
2.45 g/kg [12]. According to Koz� owski et al.
(2007), energetic value of different organs of these
plants was 16.63—18.10 MJ [20].
As resulted Faheed et al. (2005), the pigment
contents of plants of S. bicolor subjected to salt
stress via a gradual increase in NaCl concentra
tion, were higher than plants in normal condi
tions [15].
We determined that ratio of chlorophylls accu
mulation was in range from 1.26 (SSM) to 6.20
(SSB) (Tabl. 3). These results showed that the less
resistance to stress factors of environment can ex
hibit SS, SSB and SSA2 plants, where chloro
phyll b accumulated less than in other plants.
Concentration of chlorophyll a was from
0.120 mg/g (SSE) to 0.302 mg/g (SSA1) and
chlorophyll b — from 0.025 mg/g (SS) to
0.163 mg/g (SSM). Carotenoids in leaves ac
cumulated in range from 0.166 mg/g (SS) to
0.406 mg/g (SSA1).
Conclusions
Based on obtained data, it can be concluded that
in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Bota
nical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine plants of
S. saccharatum accumulated nutrients in the stage
of milkywax seed ripening such as dry matter, vi
tamins, macroelements etc. Maximal content of
dry matter and ash was detected in plant raw ma
terial of SSB, total content of sugars — in SSA1,
ascorbic acid and carotene — in SSA2, calci
um — in SS, phosphorus — in SSM, energetic
value — in SSA5. Minimal content of dry matter
accumulated in plant raw material of SSA1, total
content of sugars, carotene and level of energetic
value — in SSE, ascorbic acid — in SSA, ash and
phosphorus — in SSY, calcium — in SSA5. Vari
able level of sugars (8.64—28.65 %) and calorific
value (2928.77—4075.62 Cal/g) allow concluding
that selection work with more productive forms
should continue.
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mala [et al.] // Sugar Tech. — 2011. — Vol. 13, N 4. —
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chemistry and Biotechnology. — 2009. — Vol. 153. —
P. 151—162. — Moda access: https://doi.org/10.1007/
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and Resource Economics. — 2018. — Vol. 43, N 1. —
P. 34—45.
30. Takele A. Seedling emergence and growth of Sorghum
genotypes under variable soil moisture deficit / A. Ta
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Vol. 48, N 1. — P. 95—102.
31. The biochemical composition of plant raw material of
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org/10.15414/agrobiodiversity.2017.25858246.482487
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gun, D.B. Rakhmetov // Інтродукція рослин. —
2018. — № 1 (77). — С. 87—95.
33. Xin Z. Sorghum as a versatile feedstock for bioenergy
production / Z. Xin, M.L. Wang // Biofuels. — 2011. —
Vol. 2, N 5. — P. 577—588.
Recommended by R.V. Ivannikov
Received 15.05.18
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pp. 577—588.
Д.Б. Рахметов 1, О.М. Вергун 1, Я.Б. Блюм 2,
С.О. Рахметова 1, В.В. Фіщенко 1
1 Національний ботанічний сад імені М.М. Гришка
НАН України, Україна, м. Київ
2 ДУ Інститут харчової біотехнології та геноміки
НАН України, Україна, м. Київ
БІОХІМІЧНИЙ СКЛАД РОСЛИННОЇ
СИРОВИНИ ГЕНОТИПІВ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО
(SORGHUM SACCHARATUM (L.) MOENCH)
Мета — дослідити біохімічні особливості сировини
Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench в умовах Національно
го ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України.
Матеріал та методи. Досліджені рослини — сорти
та форми Sorghum saccharatum, зібрані на експеримен
тальних ділянках колекції відділу культурної флори
Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка
НАН України: S. saccharatum (SS), S. saccharatum, cv. Bo
tanichnyi (SSB), S. saccharatum, cv. Energodar (SSE),
S. sac charatum, cv. Medove (SSM), S. saccharatum, cv. Yan tar
(SSY), S. saccharatum, f. AMBR1 (India) (SSA1), S. sac
charatum, f. AMBR2 (Kazakhstan) (SSA2), S. saccha
ratum, f. AMBR5 (Kazakhstan) (SSA5). Вміст сухої
речовини у рослин сорго визначали за А.І. Єрмако
вим та ін. (1972), загальний вміст цукрів та аскорбі
нової кислоти — за В.П. Крищенком (1983), вміст
каротину — за Б.П. Плешковим (1985), вміст золи —
за З.М. Грицаєнко та ін. (2003), вміст кальцію та фос
фору — за Х.Н. Починком (1976). Енергетичну цін
ність рослинної сировини визначали на калориметрі
IKA С 200. Вміст фотосинтетичних пігментів у лист
ках — за методикою М.М. Мусієнка та ін. (2001).
Результати. В період молочновоскової стиглості
насіння в рослинній сировині Sorghum saccharatum
накопичувалося сухої речовини від 21,11 % (SSA1)
до 46,41 % (SSB), цукрів — від 8,64 % (SSE) до 28,65 %
(SSA1), аскорбінової кислоти — від 11,39 мг% (SSA)
до 35,96 мг% (SSA2), каротину — від 0,16 мг% (SSE) до
0,92 мг% (SSA2), золи — від 2,32 % (SSY) до 4,02 % (SSB),
кальцію — від 0,503 % (SSA5) до 1,127 % (SS), фосфо
ру — від 0,037 % (SSY) до 0,148 % (SSM). Енергетична
цінність сухої сировини становила від 2928,77 кал/г
(SSE) до 4075,62 кал/г (SSA5). Співвідношення фото
синтетичних пігментів —1,26 (SSM) — 6,20 (SSB).
Висновки. Отримані результати свідчать про те,
що в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені
М.М. Гриш ка НАН України досліджувані сорти та
форми Sorghum saccharatum є цінним джерелом по
живних речовин та біопалива в період молочновос
кової стиглості насіння. Серед досліджених генотипів
SSB характеризувався найбільшим вмістом сухої ре
човини та золи, SSA1 — найбільшим загальним вміс
том цукрів, SSA2 — найбільшим вмістом вітамінів,
SSA5 — найбільшою енергетичною цінністю.
Ключові слова: Sorghum saccharatum, рослинна сиро
вина, біохімічні особливості, енергетична цінність.
Д.Б. Рахметов 1, Е.Н. Вергун 1, Я.Б.Блюм 2,
С.А. Рахметова 1, В.В. Фищенко 1
1 Национальный ботанический сад
имени Н.Н. Гришко НАН Украины, Украина, г. Киев
2 ГУ Институт пищевой биотехнологии и геномики
НАН Украины, Украина, г. Киев
БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО
СЫРЬЯ ГЕНОТИПОВ СОРГО САХАРНОГО
(SORGHUM SACCHARATUM (L.) MOENCH)
Цель — исследовать биохимические особенности
сырья Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench в условиях
90 ISSN 16056574. Інтродукція рослин, 2018, № 3
D.B. Rakhmetov, O.M. Vergun, Ya.B. Blum, S.О. Rakhmetova, V.V. Fishchenko
Национального ботанического сада имени Н.Н. Гришко
НАН Украины.
Материал и методы. Исследованные растения —
сорта и формы Sorghum saccharatum, собранные на
экспериментальных участках коллекции отдела куль
турной флоры Национального ботанического сада
имени Н.Н. Гришко НАН Украины: S. saccharatum
(SS), S. saccharatum, cv. Botanichnyi (SSB), S. sacchara
tum, cv. Energodar (SSE), S. saccharatum, cv. Medove
(SSM), S. saccharatum, cv. Yantar (SSY), S. saccharatum,
f. AMBR1 (India) (SSA1), S. saccharatum, f. AMBR2
(Ka zaкhstan) (SSA2), S. saccharatum, f. AMBR5 (Ka
zaкh stan) (SSA5). Содержание сухого вещества у рас
тений определяли по А.И. Ермакову и др. (1972), об
щее содержание сахаров и аскорбиновой кислоты —
по В.П. Крищенко (1983), содержание каротина — по
Б.П. Плешкову (1985), содержание золы — по З.М. Гри
цаенко и др. (2003), содержание кальция и фосфора —
по Х.H. Починку (1976). Энергетическую ценность
растительного сырья определяли на калориметре. Со
держание фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях —
по методике Н.Н. Мусиенко (2001).
Результаты. В период молочновосковой спелости
семян в растительном сырье Sorghum saccharatum на
капливалось сухого вещества от 21,11 % (SSA1) до
46,41 % (SSB), сахаров — от 8,64 % (SSE) до 28,65 %
(SSA1), аскорбиновой кислоты — от 11,39 мг% (SSA)
до 35,96 мг% (SSA2), каротина — от 0,16 мг% (SSE)
до 0,92 мг% (SSA2), золы — от 2,32 % (SSY) до 4,02 %
(SSB), кальция — от 0,503 % (SSA5) до 1,127 % (SS),
фосфора — от 0,037 % (SSY) до 0,148 % (SSM). Энергети
ческая ценность сухого сырья составляла от 2928,77 кал/г
(SSE) до 4075,62 кал/г (SSA5). Соотношение фото
синтетических пигментов — 1,26 (SSM) — 6,20 (SSB).
Выводы. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о
том, что в условиях Национального ботанического
сада имени Н.Н. Гришко НАН Украины сорта и фор
мы Sorghum saccharatum являются ценным источни
ком питательных веществ и биотоплива в период мо
лочновосковой спелости семян. Среди исследован
ных генотипов SSB характеризовался наибольшим
содержанием сухого вещества и золы, SSA1 — наи
большим общим содержанием сахаров, SSA2 — наи
большим содержанием витаминов, SSA5 — наиболь
шей энергетической ценностью.
Ключевые слова: Sorghum saccharatum, растительное
сырье, биохимические особенности, энергетическая
ценность.
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| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-16 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:38:53Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/78/4482fb1b5386c5f5a392679adeea9a78.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-162019-11-11T08:15:25Z Biochemical composition of plant raw material of sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) genotype Біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) Rakhmetov, D.B. Vergun, O.M. Blum, Ya.B. Rakhmetova, S.O. Fishchenko, V.V. Objective – to investigate biochemical properties of plant raw material of cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. Material and methods. Investigated plants were cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum collected in experimental collection of Cultural Flora Department of National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine: S. saccharatum (SS), S. saccharatum cv. Botanichnyi (SSB), S. saccharatum cv. Energodar (SSE), S. saccharatum cv. Medove (SSM), S. saccharatum cv. Yantar (SSY), S. saccharatum f. AMBR1 (India) (SSA1), S. saccharatum f. AMBR2 (Kazakhstan) (SSA2), S. saccharatum f. AMBR5 (Kazakhstan) (SSA5). The content of dry matter was determined according to A.I. Yermakov et al. (1972), the total content of sugars and ascorbic acid concentration – according to V.P. Krishchenko (1983), the content of carotene – according to B.P. Pleshkov (1985), the content of ash – according to Z.M. Hrycaenko et al. (2003), the content of calcium and phosphorus – according to H.N. Pochinok (1976). Energetic value of dry plant raw material determined on calorimeter. Content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves detected according to M.M. Musienko et al. (2001). Results. In the period of milkywax seed ripening the plant raw material of Sorghum saccharatum accumulated dry matter from 21.11 % (SSA1) to 46.41 % (SSB), total content of sugars – from 8.64 % (SSE) to 28.65 % (SSA1), ascorbic acid – from 11.39 mg% (SSA) to 35.96 mg% (SSA2), carotene – from 0.16 mg% (SSE) to 0.92 mg% (SSA2), ash – from 2.32 % (SSY) to 4.02 % (SSB), calcium – from 0.503 % (SSA5) to 1.127 % (SS), phosphorus – from 0.037 % (SSY) to 0.148 % (SSM). Energetic value of dry raw was from 2928.77 Cal/g (SSE) to 4075.62 Cal/ g (SSA5). Ratio of photosynthetic pigments content was 1.26 (SSM) – 6.20 (SSB). Conclusions. Obtained data demonstrated that in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine cultivars and varieties of Sorghum saccharatum are the valuable source of nutrients and biofuel in the period of milkywax seed ripening. Among investigated genotypes SSB characterized by the most content of dry matter and ash, SSA1 – total content of sugars, SSA2 – vitamins, SSA5 – energetic value. Мета – дослідити біохімічні особливості сировини Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України. Матеріал та методи. Досліджені рослини – сорти та форми Sorghum saccharatum, зібрані на експериментальних ділянках колекції відділу культурної флори Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України: S. saccharatum (SS), S. saccharatum cv. Botanichnyi (SSB), S. saccharatum cv. Energodar (SSE), S. saccharatum cv. Medove (SSM), S. saccharatum cv. Yantar (SSY), S. saccharatum f. AMBR–1 (India) (SSA-1), S. saccharatum f. AMBR–2 (Kazakhstan) (SSA-2), S. saccharatum f. AMBR–5 (Kazakhstan) (SSA-5). Вміст сухої речовини у рослин сорго визначали за А.І. Єрмаковим та ін. (1972), загальний вміст цукрів та аскорбінової кислоти – за В.П. Крищенком (1983), вміст каротину – за Б.П. Плешковим (1985), вміст золи – за З.М. Грицаєнко та ін. (2003), вміст кальцію та фосфору – за Х.Н. Починком (1976). Енергетичну цінність рослинної сировини визначали на калориметрі IKA С 200. Вміст фотосинтетичних пігментів у листках – за методикою М.М. Мусієнка та ін. (2001). Результати. В період молочно-воскової стиглості насіння в рослинній сировині Sorghum saccharatum накопичувалося сухої речовини від 21,11 % (SSA-1) до 46,41 % (SSB), цукрів – від 8,64 % (SSE) до 28,65 % (SSA-1), аскорбінової кислоти – від 11,39 мг% (SSA) до 35,96 мг% (SSA-2), каротину – від 0,16 мг% (SSE) до 0,92 мг% (SSA-2), золи – від 2,32 % (SSY) до 4,02 % (SSB), кальцію – від 0,503 % (SSA-5) до 1,127 % (SS), фосфору – від 0,037 % (SSY) до 0,148 % (SSM). Енергетична цінність сухої сировини становила від 2928,77 кал/г (SSE) до 4075,62 кал/г (SSA-5). Співвідношення фотосинтетичних пігментів –1,26 (SSM) – 6,20 (SSB). Висновки. Отримані результати свідчать про те, що в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України досліджувані сорти та форми Sorghum saccharatum є цінним джерелом поживних речовин та біопалива в період молочно-воскової стиглості насіння. Серед досліджених генотипів SSB характеризувався найбільшим вмістом сухої речовини та золи, SSA-1 – найбільшим загальним вмістом цукрів, SSA-2 – найбільшим вмістом вітамінів, SSA-5 – найбільшою енергетичною цінністю. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2018-09-01 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/16 10.5281/zenodo.2278755 Plant Introduction; Vol 79 (2018); 83-90 Інтродукція Рослин; Том 79 (2018); 83-90 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.5281/zenodo.3377680 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/16/11 Copyright (c) 2018 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Rakhmetov, D.B. Vergun, O.M. Blum, Ya.B. Rakhmetova, S.O. Fishchenko, V.V. Біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) |
| title | Біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) |
| title_alt | Biochemical composition of plant raw material of sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) genotype |
| title_full | Біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) |
| title_fullStr | Біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) |
| title_short | Біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) |
| title_sort | біохімічний склад рослинної сировини генотипів сорго цукрового (sorghum saccharatum (l.) moench) |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/16 |
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