ЦЕЛЮЛОЗОЛІТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРИБА-АНТАГОНІСТА CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, БІОАГЕНТА МІКРОБНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ ХЕТОМІКА
Cellulolytic activity of antagonist mould Chaetomium cochliodes 3250 has been investigated. It was shown that C. cochliodes 3250 synthesizes complex of cellulases – degradation enzymes of cell wall. The highest parameters of endo, exoglucosidase and β- glucosidase activity of mould are shown at Day...
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| Date: | 2016 |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English Ukrainian |
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Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine
2016
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| Online Access: | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/110 |
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| Journal Title: | Agriciltural microbiology |
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871465340522725376 |
|---|---|
| author | Йовенко, А. С. |
| author_facet | Йовенко, А. С. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "А. С. Йовенко",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
}
] |
| author_sort | Йовенко, А. С. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:42Z |
| description | Cellulolytic activity of antagonist mould Chaetomium cochliodes 3250 has been investigated. It was shown that C. cochliodes 3250 synthesizes complex of cellulases – degradation enzymes of cell wall. The highest parameters of endo, exoglucosidase and β- glucosidase activity of mould are shown at Day 9 of cultivation. High cellulase activity causes the ability of mould to penetrate plant tissues. C. cochliodes 3250, which was introduced in the root zone of buckwheat seeds, forms fruiting bodies on the surface of root fibrils and penetrates cells of rhizodermis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.24.18-23 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:23:04Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF ANTAGONIST MOULD CHAETOMIUM
COCHLIODES, BIO-AGENT OF MICROBIAL PREPARATION KHETOMIK
A. S. Yovenko
Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agroindustrial Manufacture, NAAS,
City of Chernihiv
Cellulolytic activity of antagonist mould Chaetomium cochliodes 3250 has been
investigated. It was shown that C. cochliodes 3250 synthesizes complex of cellulases –
degradation enzymes of cell wall. The highest parameters of endo, exoglucosidase and β-
glucosidase activity of mould are shown at Day 9 of cultivation. High cellulase activity
causes the ability of mould to penetrate plant tissues. C. cochliodes 3250, which was
introduced in the root zone of buckwheat seeds, forms fruiting bodies on the surface of root
fibrils and penetrates cells of rhizodermis.
Key words: C. cochliodes 3250, cellulase, endoglucanase, exoglucanase, β-
glucosidase, plant-microbial associations, mycorrhiza.
Formation of close symbiotic
associations between microorganisms and
plants is a complex ecological process [1].
Mycorrhiza-forming fungi take a special
place among many rhizospheric organisms.
By some estimates, about 250 thous. of plant
species, including cultural, are able to form
mycorrhiza formation. Characteristic
features of such plant-microbial interactions
are the formation of specific structures or
penetration of fungus into the plant tissues,
or both simultaneously. Availability of
mycorrhiza is a normal condition for most
plants under any conditions and is mutually
beneficial and interconnected partnership,
formed between plant roots and fungi [2].
Mechanism of mycorrhizal symbiosis
formation and functional integration of
symbionts continues to attract attention of
many researchers.
It is known that some micromycetes
are able to penetrate plants by hydrolysis of
cellular wall. Infectious hyphae, at early
stages of symbiosis synthesise enzymes of
cellular wall degradation (pectinase,
endopoligalacturonaze, cellulase), which are
required for penetration of fungi in the root
[1]. With the penetration of arbuscular-
vesicular fungi in the cellular wall of plants,
no direct participation of such enzymes like
cellulase and xyloglucanase was seen,
however, it is known that the activity of
these hydrolytic enzymes increases in roots
with mycorrhiza [3; 4]. Species of the genus
Rhizoctonia, similar to the Orchid
symbionts, form a cellulases and pectinases
that can accompany colonization of plant
tissues [5]. There are published data
regarding ability to decompose pectin,
cellulose, and hemicellulose (the main
structural components of plant cell walls)
and oxidize phenolic compounds, by the
fungus Rhizoscyphusericae, microsymbiont
of ericoid mycorrhiza [6]. It is known that
most symbionts of ectomycorrhiza have
limited ability to use lignin and cellulose as
substrate for plants, significantly weaker
than in wood-destroying fungi [7]. However,
the ability to decompose cellulose and pectin
may be associated with fungus penetration
into the root tissues, where formation of
enzymes is localised and causes softening of
cellular walls upon formation of Hartig
mesh [8]. Several species of ectomycorrhiza
fungi require association with plant root
system for formation of fruit bodies [2].
In recent years, it has been shown
that saprotrophic soil fungi are also able to
penetrate roots and cause positive changes in
plants. Fungi of genus Trichoderma,
Fusarium, Acremonium, Penicillium are able
to infect plants and form endophytic
associations with roots [9-11].
There are works that indicate the
ability of the genus Chaetomium to show
endophytic properties to certain plants. C.
globosum penetrates tissues of tropical
cereal and legume grasses [12; 13].
Previously, it was shown that C. cochliodes
3250 forms endophytic associations with
plants of spring wheat and soybean [14; 15].
The aim of our work was to
investigate activity of cellulolytic complex
of the fungus C. cochliodes 3250 and its
ability to penetrate root tissue of beech
buckwheat.
Materials and methods. Natural
strain of the cup fungus C. cochliodes
Palliser 3250, deposited in the All-Union
Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural
Microbiology (now – State Scientific
Institution of All-Russian Scientific
Research Institute of Agricultural
Microbiology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences) was used as a study object.
Preliminary check of the ability of C.
cochliodes 3250 to synthesize cellulases was
conducted by qualitative (plate) method.
Studied fungus was cultivated on the Petri
dishes during 10 days on the Czapek
medium containing carboxymethylcellulose
sodium salt (Na-CMC, 0.5 %) [16] and
cellobiase (0.2 %) [17] as a source of carbon
and substrate for enzymes. Congo red
(0.5 %, injected into the agar medium) was
used as an indicator cellulase complex.
Cellulose activity was assessed by the ratio
of enlightenment zones diameter (dzones) to
diameter of colonies (dcolonies).
During the second stage, the overall
cellulosolytic activity of C. cochliodes 3250
by the active of cellulase complex
components was measured. For this purpose,
fungi were superficially cultivated during
28 and 12 days, respectively, on a modified
synthetic Czapek medium (g/L: (NH4)2HPO4
– 2.5; K2HPO4 – 1.0; MgSO4 – 0.5; KCl –
0.5; FeSO4 – 0.01). As the only source of
carbon, strip of filter paper (50 mg) was
used. pH – 7.0.
Sowing was carried out by spore
suspension (T = 1*106 CFU) in the amount
of 5 % from the volume of digest medium.
Seed material C. cochliodes 3250 was
obtained by flushing of conidia and
fragments of fungal from slope wort agar.
Titre was determined in Horiaiev chamber.
Superficial cultivation was performed in the
test tubes with 5 mL of digest medium at
26 °C.
Measurement of total cellulosolytic
activity was performed at day 7, 14, 21, 28
of cultivation. With further measurement of
the activity of cellulosolytic complex
components, registration was performed at
day 3, 6, 9 and 12 of cultivation. Czapek
digest medium without fungus inoculum
was used as a control. After the cultivation,
biomass was eliminated by filtration through
a porcelain sieve, filtrate of culture liquid
was used for tests.
The study was conducted in 3-time
biological and 3-time analytical replications.
Such amount of enzyme that forms
1 mg of reducing sugars during 60 min was
taken as the unit of total cellulase activity.
Enzymes of cellulase complex include
exoglucanases (such amount of enzyme that
forms 1 mg of reducing sugars during
60 min was taken as the unit of
exoglucanase activity), endoglucanase and
β-glucosidase (such amount of enzyme that
forms 1 mg of reducing sugars during
30 min was taken as the unit of
endoglucanase and β-glucosidase activity).
As a substrate, 50 mg of avicel
(microcrystalline cellulose), 1 mL of 0.5 %
Na-CMC solution and 1 mL of 0.025 %
cellobiose in 0.05 M sodium citrate buffer
respectively was used. Amount of reducing
sugars was measured by Somogyi-Nelson
method [18], at the same time investigated
mixture was incubated at 40 °C. Calibration
curve was plotted by standard glucose
solutions.
The ability of C. cochliodes 3250 to
form associations with plants of beech
buckwheat of variety Antaria was tested in a
vegetation experiment. Plants were grown in
a sterile substrate (vermiculite) for 30 days.
Plastic 2.0 L vessel of 10.5 x 15.5 cm were
used. Seeds of beech buckwheat Antaria was
sown at a depth of 2.0 cm, 25 plants was
grown in each vessel with further thinning to
20. Pre-test processing of seeds with
biopreparation Khetomik, 1 gram of which
contains 1.8*109 ascospores of C.
cochliodes 3250, at the rate of 40 thousand
CFU per 1 seed was performed. Replication
of the experiment is three-time.
Staining of cuts on plant roots was
performed by Kobel method [18].
Temporary microsections were examined
under the microscope MC 200(T) (Micros,
Austria), took images using digital colour
camera DSC-S650 Sony.
Calculations and statistical
processing of the results was performed by
conventional methods. Parametric criteria of
normal distribution, calculating arithmetic
mean and mean square deviation at the
significance level less than 0.05 were used.
The analysis was performed using Microsoft
Excel software.
Therefore, saprophytic fungus C.
cochliodes 3250 is able to synthesize
enzymes of cellulase complex
(exoglucanases, endoglucanases, β-
glucosidases) that can provide its
penetration into the plant roots. It is shown
that C. cochliodes 3250 forms fruit bodies
on the surface of root hairs and penetrates
rhizodermis cells.
|
| id | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-110 |
| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:00:29Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/a9/a3ea855dffecd3ac72ad2df566b4a6a9.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-1102026-07-22T10:10:42Z CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF ANTAGONIST MOULD CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, BIO-AGENT OF MICROBIAL PREPARATION KHETOMIK ЦЕЛЮЛОЗОЛІТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРИБА-АНТАГОНІСТА CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, БІОАГЕНТА МІКРОБНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ ХЕТОМІКА Йовенко, А. С. C. cochliodes 3250, cellulase, endoglucanase, exoglucanase, β- glucosidase, plant-microbial associations, mycorrhiza C. сochliodes 3250, целюлаза, ендоглюканаза, екзоглюканаза, β-глюкозидаза, рослинно-мікробна асоціація, мікориза Cellulolytic activity of antagonist mould Chaetomium cochliodes 3250 has been investigated. It was shown that C. cochliodes 3250 synthesizes complex of cellulases – degradation enzymes of cell wall. The highest parameters of endo, exoglucosidase and β- glucosidase activity of mould are shown at Day 9 of cultivation. High cellulase activity causes the ability of mould to penetrate plant tissues. C. cochliodes 3250, which was introduced in the root zone of buckwheat seeds, forms fruiting bodies on the surface of root fibrils and penetrates cells of rhizodermis. Досліджено целюлозолітичну активність гриба-антагоніста Chaetomium cochliodes 3250. Показано, що C. cochliodes 3250 синтезує комплекс целюлаз — ферментів деградації клітинної стінки. Найвищі показники ендо-, екзоглюкозидазної та β-глюкозидазної активності гриб проявляє на 9-у добу культивування. Висока целюлазна активність обумовлює здатність гриба проникати в рослинні тканини. C. cochliodes 3250, інтродукований в кореневу зону рослин гречки посівної, утворює плодові тіла на поверхні кореневих волосків та проникає в клітини ризодерми. Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2016-10-09 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/110 10.35868/1997-3004.24.18-23 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 24 (2016): Agriciltural microbiology; 18-23 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 24 (2016): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 18-23 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.24 en uk https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/110/111 https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/110/112 Авторське право (c) 2016 A. S. Yovenko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | C. сochliodes 3250 целюлаза ендоглюканаза екзоглюканаза β-глюкозидаза рослинно-мікробна асоціація мікориза Йовенко, А. С. ЦЕЛЮЛОЗОЛІТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРИБА-АНТАГОНІСТА CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, БІОАГЕНТА МІКРОБНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ ХЕТОМІКА |
| title | ЦЕЛЮЛОЗОЛІТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРИБА-АНТАГОНІСТА CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, БІОАГЕНТА МІКРОБНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ ХЕТОМІКА |
| title_alt | CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF ANTAGONIST MOULD CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, BIO-AGENT OF MICROBIAL PREPARATION KHETOMIK |
| title_full | ЦЕЛЮЛОЗОЛІТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРИБА-АНТАГОНІСТА CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, БІОАГЕНТА МІКРОБНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ ХЕТОМІКА |
| title_fullStr | ЦЕЛЮЛОЗОЛІТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРИБА-АНТАГОНІСТА CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, БІОАГЕНТА МІКРОБНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ ХЕТОМІКА |
| title_full_unstemmed | ЦЕЛЮЛОЗОЛІТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРИБА-АНТАГОНІСТА CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, БІОАГЕНТА МІКРОБНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ ХЕТОМІКА |
| title_short | ЦЕЛЮЛОЗОЛІТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ГРИБА-АНТАГОНІСТА CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES, БІОАГЕНТА МІКРОБНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ ХЕТОМІКА |
| title_sort | целюлозолітична активність гриба-антагоніста chaetomium cochliodes, біоагента мікробного препарату хетоміка |
| topic | C. сochliodes 3250 целюлаза ендоглюканаза екзоглюканаза β-глюкозидаза рослинно-мікробна асоціація мікориза |
| topic_facet | C. cochliodes 3250 cellulase endoglucanase exoglucanase β- glucosidase plant-microbial associations mycorrhiza C. сochliodes 3250 целюлаза ендоглюканаза екзоглюканаза β-глюкозидаза рослинно-мікробна асоціація мікориза |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/110 |
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