ВПЛИВ ЕНТОМОПАТОГЕННИХ БАКТЕРІЙ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ ЯБЛУНІ
It was established that treatment of apple trees for control over harmful insects with liquid preparations based on entomopathogenic strains of Bacillus thuringiensis 03071, 0376, and 0408 which synthesize protein endotoxins and water-soluble exotoxin, provides a yield of fruit according to the leve...
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Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine
2016
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| Назва журналу: | Agriciltural microbiology |
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871465394776047616 |
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| author | Шерстобоєва, О. В. Демидов, О. А. Крижанівський, А. Б. |
| author_facet | Шерстобоєва, О. В. Демидов, О. А. Крижанівський, А. Б. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "О. В. Шерстобоєва",
"institution": "Інститут агроекології і природокористування НААН"
},
{
"author": "О. А. Демидов",
"institution": "Інститут агроекології і природокористування НААН"
},
{
"author": "А. Б. Крижанівський",
"institution": "Інститут агроекології і природокористування НААН"
}
] |
| author_sort | Шерстобоєва, О. В. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:42Z |
| description | It was established that treatment of apple trees for control over harmful insects with liquid preparations based on entomopathogenic strains of Bacillus thuringiensis 03071, 0376, and 0408 which synthesize protein endotoxins and water-soluble exotoxin, provides a yield of fruit according to the level of 16.2–18.1 t/ha, whereas treatment with preparation based on strain B. thuringiensis 787, that does not contain exotoxin in metabolites, contributes to the yield at the level of only 12.7 t/ha. Treatment of apple trees with preparation based on the strain B. thuringiensis 0408 contributed to growth of fruits with increased vitamin C concentration. Biopreparations had no negative impact on the quality of resulting product, in particular on the content of sugars and organic acids in apple fruits. Only after treatment of apple trees with preparation based on the strain B. thuringiensis 0371 and chemical insecticide Confidor extra, slight exceed of optimal sugar-acid balance in apple fruits was found for studied variety Jonagold by 1.1 and 1.5 U, respectively. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.23.49-53 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:23:16Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
IMPACT OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC BACTERIA BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS
ENTOMOPATHOGENIC ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF APPLE FRUIT
O. V. Sherstoboieva, O. A. Demidov, A. B. Kryzhanivskyi
Every year in Ukraine harvest losses from phytophages, diseases and weeds are 30–50 %
of yield. Control over phytophages using chemicals for plant protection, which became popular
in the second half of the twentieth century, led to saturation of the biosphere with substances
toxic to humans, animals and useful fauna and flora. Chemical insecticides and their
decomposition products, which are often more toxic than pesticides themselves, accumulate in
plants treated and do not entirely eliminated from them until the harvest.
An alternative to the chemical method of plant protection is biomethod which has not yet
widespread in our country. However, a world market of protective biopreparations is largely
saturated and 90-95 % is represented by spore-crystalline complexes of B. thuringiensis.
Toxicity of biopreparations is determined by the presence of microorganisms and their
metabolic products in them. Specificity of action of bacteria is complex, associated with the
various metabolites, with protein spore formation in the form of crystals being the main among
them. Crystal formation is a characteristic feature of B. thuringiensis and plays an important role
in its pathogenicity. Once metabolites penetrate cell membrane of intestinal epithelial cells of
insects, they form pores or ion channels. This leads to an influx of water to the cells, creates
osmotic imbalance and provides cell death.
During treatment of plants with liquid culture of B. thuringiensis, spores and endotoxin
crystals affect the physiological processes that occur in the cells of plant leaves, which can
manifest in changing the quality of apple products and change in yield.
In connection with the above, the aim of our studies was to investigate the impact of
treatment of apple plantations with liquid cultures of B. thuringiensis during protection against
phytophages not only to preserve the harvest, but also on quality parameters of apple fruit.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted during 2013–2015 at the Institute of
Agroecology and Environmental Management of the NAAS and National Botanic Garden
n. a. M. M. Grishko of the NAS of Ukraine (NASU NBG).
The material for the studies included liquid preparations, which bio-agents presented
with the new strains of entomopathogenic, toxin-producing bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis
0371, 0376, 0408 and 787 (hereinafter — Bt). The strains were isolated from victims of
natural populations of insects in the Crimea AR by the staff of the Laboratory of
Microbiological Method of Plant Protection of the Institute of Agriculture of the Crimea of
the NAAS, who whom the authors express their gratitude. Strains are keptin the Collection of
beneficial soil microorganisms of the Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and
Agroindustrial Manufacture of the NAAS.
The strain Bt 787 synthesizes protein crystalline endotoxin specific to leaf-eating
phytophages from the ranks of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. Bt strains 0371, 0376, 0408,
except for the synthesis of protein crystalline endotoxin produce non-specific heat resistant
water-soluble exotoxin.
For the treatment of the variety Jonagold, liquid formulations of the investigated strains
were used in industrial environments, of the trains recommended by the authors, at the rate of
20 dm3/ha bacterial suspension with a titer of B. thuringiensis spores in the working fluid
about 0.1·109 CFU/cm3. Consumption of the working fluid was 1000 dm3/ha.
Each preparation was used for the treatment of 10 apple plants in triplicate. Chemical
systemic insecticide Confidor extra, water granules, of contact and intestinal action (rate of
using is 70 g/ha at the consumption of working fluid 1000 dm3/ha) was used as a comparator.
Trees treated with water were used as a control.
The content of sugars in the apple fruits was measured by areometer. To this end, edible
part was removed from fresh fruits, weighed and crushed. Then crushed mass was filtered
through a filter paper. The filtrate was carefully poured into a graduated cylinder and placed in
an incubator with a temperature of 20 ° C. After one hour, areometer was placed into the sample.
Under stable position of areometer, which does not touch the walls of the cylinder, parameters of
sample density were read from the scale of the instrument.
The total acidity was measured by volumetric method using titration. For this purpose,
sample weight of plant material was transferred to a flask with distilled water and thoroughly
shaken. Then 3–4 drops of 1 % phenolphthalein solution was placed with subsequent titration
using 0.1 N NaOH solution to the appearance of a pink colour that persists for 20–30 seconds.
The concentration of ascorbic acid in apple juice was measured by titrimetry, which is
based on the extraction of ascorbic acid with metaphosphoric acid solution followed by titration
with 2,6-dichlorodiphenyl indophenolate sodium solution to the appearance of a light pink colour
that persists for 15–20 seconds.
Therefore, the use of biocontrol of phytophages in the apple garden provided harvesting of
fruits in an average of 12.68–18.05 t/ha. The highest yield was obtained under treatment of
plants with preparations based on B. thuringiensis strains 0408 and 0376, representing an
average of 18.05 and 17.29 t/ha, respectively. The yield of apple in the conditions of chemical
protection against phytophages averaged 17.38 t/ha. Thus, under preservation of fruit harvest, the
effectiveness of protection of biological and chemical insecticides was the same.
Fruits of Jonagold apple variety have high taste properties, and studied biological
insecticides based on strains of B. thuringiensis 0376, 0408, 787 did not significantly affect the
balance of sugars and organic acids in them. Only treatment of apples with strain of
B. thuringiensis 0371 and Confidor extra changed sugar-acidic balance upward by 1.1 and
1.5 units from optimum.
|
| id | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-128 |
| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:01:21Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/ad/f458423cc9943a6e54d08d6b3c3c50ad.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-1282026-07-22T10:10:42Z IMPACT OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC BACTERIA BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ENTOMOPATHOGENIC ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF APPLE FRUIT ВПЛИВ ЕНТОМОПАТОГЕННИХ БАКТЕРІЙ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ ЯБЛУНІ Шерстобоєва, О. В. Демидов, О. А. Крижанівський, А. Б. Bacillus thuringiensis, apple, biocontrol, yield, sugars, organic acids Bacillus thuringiensis, яблуня, біоконтроль, врожайність, цукри,органічні кислоти It was established that treatment of apple trees for control over harmful insects with liquid preparations based on entomopathogenic strains of Bacillus thuringiensis 03071, 0376, and 0408 which synthesize protein endotoxins and water-soluble exotoxin, provides a yield of fruit according to the level of 16.2–18.1 t/ha, whereas treatment with preparation based on strain B. thuringiensis 787, that does not contain exotoxin in metabolites, contributes to the yield at the level of only 12.7 t/ha. Treatment of apple trees with preparation based on the strain B. thuringiensis 0408 contributed to growth of fruits with increased vitamin C concentration. Biopreparations had no negative impact on the quality of resulting product, in particular on the content of sugars and organic acids in apple fruits. Only after treatment of apple trees with preparation based on the strain B. thuringiensis 0371 and chemical insecticide Confidor extra, slight exceed of optimal sugar-acid balance in apple fruits was found for studied variety Jonagold by 1.1 and 1.5 U, respectively. Встановлено, що обробка рослин яблуні для контролю шкідливих комах рідкими препаратами на основі ентомопатогенних штамів бактерій Bacillus thuringiensis 0371, 0376 та0408, що синтезують білковий ендотоксин і водорозчинний екзотоксин, забезпечує отримання врожаю плодів відповідно 16,2–18,1 т/га, тоді як обробка препаратом на основіштаму B. thuringiensis 787, який не містить у метаболітах екзотоксину, сприяє збереженню врожаю лише на рівні 12,7 т/га. Обробка яблунь препаратом на основі штамуB. thuringiensis 0408 сприяла отриманню плодів з підвищеною концентрацією вітаміну С. Біопрепарати не впливали негативно на якість отриманої продукції, зокрема, на вміст цукрів іорганічних кислот у плодах яблуні. Лише за обробки яблунь препаратом на основі штамуB. thuringiensis 0371 та хімічним інсектицидом Конфідор екстра встановлено незначне перевищення оптимального цукрово-кислотного балансу у плодах яблуні для дослідженого сорту Джонаголд на 1,1 та 1,5 од. відповідно   Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2016-06-29 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/128 10.35868/1997-3004.23.49-53 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 23 (2016): Agriciltural microbiology; 49-53 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 23 (2016): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 49-53 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.23 en uk https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/128/143 https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/128/144 Авторське право (c) 2016 O. V. Sherstoboieva, O. A. Demidov, A. B. Kryzhanivskyi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Bacillus thuringiensis яблуня біоконтроль врожайність цукри,органічні кислоти Шерстобоєва, О. В. Демидов, О. А. Крижанівський, А. Б. ВПЛИВ ЕНТОМОПАТОГЕННИХ БАКТЕРІЙ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ ЯБЛУНІ |
| title | ВПЛИВ ЕНТОМОПАТОГЕННИХ БАКТЕРІЙ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ ЯБЛУНІ |
| title_alt | IMPACT OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC BACTERIA BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ENTOMOPATHOGENIC ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF APPLE FRUIT |
| title_full | ВПЛИВ ЕНТОМОПАТОГЕННИХ БАКТЕРІЙ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ ЯБЛУНІ |
| title_fullStr | ВПЛИВ ЕНТОМОПАТОГЕННИХ БАКТЕРІЙ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ ЯБЛУНІ |
| title_full_unstemmed | ВПЛИВ ЕНТОМОПАТОГЕННИХ БАКТЕРІЙ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ ЯБЛУНІ |
| title_short | ВПЛИВ ЕНТОМОПАТОГЕННИХ БАКТЕРІЙ BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ ЯБЛУНІ |
| title_sort | вплив ентомопатогенних бактерій bacillus thuringiensis на урожайність і якість плодів яблуні |
| topic | Bacillus thuringiensis яблуня біоконтроль врожайність цукри,органічні кислоти |
| topic_facet | Bacillus thuringiensis apple biocontrol yield sugars organic acids Bacillus thuringiensis яблуня біоконтроль врожайність цукри,органічні кислоти |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/128 |
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