СУКЦЕСІЇ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ КОМПОСТУВАННЯ КУРЯЧОГО ПОСЛІДУ
The dependence of microorganisms’ development dynamics in composted substrates on the ratio of carbon/nitrogen was showed. Manure composting without C : N ratio optimization ensures the development of most studied groups of microorganisms only in the initial stages of composting. Addition of the cho...
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| Datum: | 2014 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Englisch Ukrainisch |
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Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine
2014
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| Назва журналу: | Agriciltural microbiology |
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871465627222278144 |
|---|---|
| author | М’ягка, М. В. Деркач, С. М. Волкогон, В. В. Луценко, Н. В. |
| author_facet | М’ягка, М. В. Деркач, С. М. Волкогон, В. В. Луценко, Н. В. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "М. В. М’ягка",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
},
{
"author": "С. М. Деркач",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
},
{
"author": "В. В. Волкогон",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
},
{
"author": "Н. В. Луценко",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
}
] |
| author_sort | М’ягка, М. В. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:43Z |
| description | The dependence of microorganisms’ development dynamics in composted substrates on the ratio of carbon/nitrogen was showed. Manure composting without C : N ratio optimization ensures the development of most studied groups of microorganisms only in the initial stages of composting. Addition of the chopped straw and peat to the litter in the planned quantities activates transformation of organic matter and increases compost quality. Taking into the account the succession features of microorganisms during composting allows to choose reasonable periods for the introduction of agronomically valuable microorganisms into the substrate. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.20.41-48 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:24:10Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
SUCCESSION OF MICROORGANISMS DURING COMPOSTING OF
POULTRY MANURE
M. V. Myahka, S. M. Derkach, V. V. Volkohon, N. V. Lutsenko
Over the last decade poultry farming
in Ukraine gained rapid development.
According to the State Statistics Service of
Ukraine, from 1998 to 2013 poultry
population increased from 123.3 to 245.5
million units. Active development of the
industry caused significant accumulation of
waste products, including poultry manure – at
the level of 1.5 mln tons per year [14].
Part of manure is used to make
fertilizers, but most enterprises accumulate
that waste in settlers or storage clamps,
accompanied by the development of
pathogenic microbiota, and are unacceptable
from the sanitary point of view. In addition, at
such manure storage, significant loss of
nitrogen is observed, which causes air and
soil pollution, breaking the balance in
ecosystems. That’s why uncontrolled
accumulation of poultry waste is an urgent
problem for almost all regions of Ukraine
[12], which soon could lead to environmental
disaster.
There is a number of technologies for
processing poultry manure that differ in the
nature of fermentation of organic matter, use
of supplements, duration of production
processes, quality of output products [6; 7;
10]. However, these technologies are multi-
stage and energy-intensive and do not allow
to get bio-organic fertilizers of high quality,
because they do not take into account the
peculiarities of microbial processes that occur
during composting. Some scientific studies
involve the use of bacterial cultures in
composting, but limit it to mechanical
introduction of bacterial suspension to the
substrate without learning the peculiarities of
colonization rate of microorganisms and their
development [8; 9; 11]. Meanwhile, the
quality and safety of the final product in most
cases is determined by the dominant
microbiota. Therefore, in our view, solving
the problem of manure disposal is possible by
controlling the state of microbial coenosis of
the substrate during composting. Perspective
may be the improvement of product by the
introduction of microorganisms to the
substrate that are able not only to speed up the
composting process, but also to ensure the
accumulation of biologically active
substances, that can then have a positive
impact on the growth and development of
plants.
In connection with the above, the goal
of our work was to determine the features of
successions of microorganisms during
composting of chicken manure.
Materials and methods. Composting
provided preset setting of optimal C:N ratio in
the substrate at the rate of 20:1, as chicken
manure has narrow ratio of 9.6:1. Its
optimization was performed by mixing the
manure with straw and/or peat as the source
of carbon, in calculated quantities.
Plastic containers were used in the
experiment, where studied substrates based on
manure were placed. To optimize the ratio of
C:N to the level of 20:1 according to
experiment variants, chopped straw and peat
(mixture number 1) or only peat (mix number
2) were added to the manure in calculated
amounts. Repetition of the experiment –
quadruple.
Accordingly, the experiment design
included the following variants:
1 – control (chicken manure) with the
ratio of C:N = 9.6:1;
2 – compost mixture number 1
(chicken manure with straw and peat) with the
ratio of C:N = 20:1;
3 – compost mixture number 2
(chicken manure with peat) with the ratio of
C:N = 20:1.
Substrate humidity was maintained at
the level of 70-75%, stirring it once every two
weeks.
During the composting changes in the
number of representatives of particular
environmental and trophic groups of
microorganisms were studied: ammonifying
bacteria – on meat-and-peptone agar (MPA),
microorganisms absorbing mineral forms of
nitrogen – on starch-and-ammonia agar
(SAA), micromycetes - on wort-agar (WA)
[13]. The account of the number of nitrogen
fixation microorganisms was performed by
critical dilution method using acetylene test
on semisolid Ashby medium [4]. The number
of microorganisms that dissolve difficult-to-
access phosphorus compounds was
determined on Muromtsev medium [5]. The
number of cellulose-fermenting bacteria was
studied on liquid Imshenetskyi and Solntseva
medium [3].
The content of carbon and nitrogen in
composts was studied in dynamics by Anstet
method modified by Ponomariova and
Nikolaieva [1].
Statistical processing of the results
was conducted by Dospiekhov [2].
Based on the obtained data, we can
draw some conclusions:
1. The optimization of C:N ratio at the
level of 20:1 by adding straw and/or peat to
chicken manure provides optimal conditions
for the development of compost microbiota
and performing mineralization processes.
2. Composting of manure without
setting C:N ratio optimization ensures the
development of the representatives of the
majority of studied groups of microorganisms
only at the initial stages of composting. These
results indicate a low level of mineralization
of organic matter. This is the basis for the
conclusion that it is inappropriate to compost
pure chicken manure because under these
conditions the process is carried out for too
long.
3. In composts with optimized C:N
ratio the results of the studies of succession of
microorganisms testify to gradual
decomposition of complex organic
compounds by some microorganisms and
creating nutrient sources for others.
4. In composted mixtures with
optimized carbon to nitrogen ratio two
periods of active growth of microorganisms
(month 4 and 6-7 of composting) and their
decline (month 5 and 8 of composting) are
observed.
Taking into account the features of
dynamics of the development of
microorganisms allows to ground favourable
conditions and corresponding optimal period
for the introduction of agronomically valuable
microorganisms to composted mixtures. For
example, the introduction of ammonifiers will
be most effective in the early stages of
composting, and diazotrophs – in the final.
This will allow to enrich the composts with
useful microbiota and get an innovative
product of new quality.
|
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| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:05:02Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/83/502c87b7f62ddab7ed1f54e6e524b883.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-1572026-07-22T10:10:43Z SUCCESSION OF MICROORGANISMS DURING COMPOSTING OF POULTRY MANURE СУКЦЕСІЇ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ КОМПОСТУВАННЯ КУРЯЧОГО ПОСЛІДУ М’ягка, М. В. Деркач, С. М. Волкогон, В. В. Луценко, Н. В. chicken manure, straw, peat, compost, composting, C : N ratio, succession of microorganisms курячий послід, солома, торф, компост, компостування, співвідношення С : N, сукцесії мікроорганізмів The dependence of microorganisms’ development dynamics in composted substrates on the ratio of carbon/nitrogen was showed. Manure composting without C : N ratio optimization ensures the development of most studied groups of microorganisms only in the initial stages of composting. Addition of the chopped straw and peat to the litter in the planned quantities activates transformation of organic matter and increases compost quality. Taking into the account the succession features of microorganisms during composting allows to choose reasonable periods for the introduction of agronomically valuable microorganisms into the substrate. Встановлено залежність динаміки розвитку мікроорганізмів у компостованих субстратах від співвідношення вуглець/азот. Компостування посліду без оптимізації співвідношення C : N забезпечує розвиток представників більшості досліджених груп мікроорганізмів лише на початкових стадіях компостування. Добавлення до посліду подрібненої соломи та торфу в розрахунковій кількості сприяє активізації процесів трансформації органічної речовини і отриманню компосту високої якості. Врахування особливостей сукцесії мікроорганізмів у ході компостування дозволяє обґрунтувати доцільні періоди для інтродукції в субстрат агрономічно цінних мікроорганізмів. Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2014-12-22 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/157 10.35868/1997-3004.20.41-48 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 20 (2014): Agriciltural microbiology; 41-48 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 20 (2014): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 41-48 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.20 en uk https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/157/199 https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/157/200 Авторське право (c) 2014 M. V. Myagka, S. M. Derkach, V. V. Volkohon, N. V. Lutsenko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | курячий послід солома торф компост компостування співвідношення С : N сукцесії мікроорганізмів М’ягка, М. В. Деркач, С. М. Волкогон, В. В. Луценко, Н. В. СУКЦЕСІЇ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ КОМПОСТУВАННЯ КУРЯЧОГО ПОСЛІДУ |
| title | СУКЦЕСІЇ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ КОМПОСТУВАННЯ КУРЯЧОГО ПОСЛІДУ |
| title_alt | SUCCESSION OF MICROORGANISMS DURING COMPOSTING OF POULTRY MANURE |
| title_full | СУКЦЕСІЇ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ КОМПОСТУВАННЯ КУРЯЧОГО ПОСЛІДУ |
| title_fullStr | СУКЦЕСІЇ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ КОМПОСТУВАННЯ КУРЯЧОГО ПОСЛІДУ |
| title_full_unstemmed | СУКЦЕСІЇ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ КОМПОСТУВАННЯ КУРЯЧОГО ПОСЛІДУ |
| title_short | СУКЦЕСІЇ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ КОМПОСТУВАННЯ КУРЯЧОГО ПОСЛІДУ |
| title_sort | сукцесії мікроорганізмів у процесі компостування курячого посліду |
| topic | курячий послід солома торф компост компостування співвідношення С : N сукцесії мікроорганізмів |
| topic_facet | chicken manure straw peat compost composting C : N ratio succession of microorganisms курячий послід солома торф компост компостування співвідношення С : N сукцесії мікроорганізмів |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/157 |
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