БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ОСУШЕНИХ ТОРФОВИХ ГРУНТІВ У КОРМОВИХ СІВОЗМІНАХ
Introduction on drained peat soils of graingrass crop rotations had promoted relatively high microbiological activity of the plow layer, preservation of organic matter and had ensured the complete needs of cultures in mineral nitrogen. That ensures functioning of agro-ecosystems in conditions close...
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| Datum: | 2014 |
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| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Englisch Ukrainisch |
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Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine
2014
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| Online Zugang: | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/169 |
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| Назва журналу: | Agriciltural microbiology |
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871465651775733760 |
|---|---|
| author | Проневич, В. А. |
| author_facet | Проневич, В. А. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "В. А. Проневич",
"institution": "Інститут агроекології і природокористування НААН"
}
] |
| author_sort | Проневич, В. А. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:43Z |
| description | Introduction on drained peat soils of graingrass crop rotations had promoted relatively high microbiological activity of the plow layer, preservation of organic matter and had ensured the complete needs of cultures in mineral nitrogen. That ensures functioning of agro-ecosystems in conditions close to the natural ones. The intensive use of peat soils in tilled crop rotation leads to excessive microbiological activity and fast decomposition of the organic matter of peat deposits. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.19.42-46 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:24:15Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
INFLUENCE OF FIELD CROP ROTATIONS ON THE BIOLOGICAL
ACTIVITY OF PEAT SOILS
V. A. Pronevych
Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management, NAAS, Kyiv
12, Metrolohichna Str., Kyiv City, 03143, Ukraine e-mail: vasyl.pronevych@mail.ru
To preserve the fertility and
productivity of drained peat soils it is
important to develop scientifically grounded
crop rotation, selection and rational cropping
sequence, regulation of the processes of
organic matter mineralization taking into
account the requirements of environmental
protection. In connection with the aggravation
of environmental situation soils that are
influenced by intensive human activities
deserve special attention, in which, due to
insufficient scientific substantiation of
processes, profound changes of ground take
place, the deterioration of their ecological
condition is observed [1-3].
Biological activity of the soil is a
combination of biological processes that
occur in the soil as a result of life activity of
soil microorganisms. The ecological and
phytosanitary state of soils is largely
dependent on the structure of microbial
communities, interaction of their basic
components. Decomposition of plant and
animal residues, release and binding of
nutrition elements is also a specialized
function of microorganisms [4].
There are close links between the
microbiota in the soil. Change of activity of
population of one species affects the activity
of the other. Free-existing nitrogen fixers are
provided with nitrogen but require a source of
carbon. Cellulose-decomposing
microorganisms, on the contrary, receive
carbon from decomposed organic matter, but
are dependent on external supply of nitrogen.
Research has confirmed close interaction of
the representatives of cellulose-decomposing
and nitrogen fixing microorganisms in field
conditions. In the soil with stubble, which is a
substrate for the development of
cellulosolithic bacteria and micromycetes,
higher nitrogen activity is observed than in
the soil without plant residues [5].
For optimal functioning of soil, and
any other, ecosystem maintaining close
relationships of microorganisms is necessary.
Soil microorganisms undergo seasonal
dynamics; depend on soil type, climate zone
and so on. Therefore, each agrocenosis is
characterized by individual biological
activity. Due to microbiological activity
changes in the structure of soil and micro-
morphological structure occur, resulting in the
improvement of plants nutrient status and
moisture provision during the growing season
[7; 8].
Numerous studies have proved that
plants affect life activity of other organisms of
the soil. The roots of plants alter soil
structure, air treatment, are involved in the
decomposition of minerals, and are the source
of organic matter. Biotic relationships
constantly occur between plants and
microorganisms which are reflected on the
increase in the number of members of the
separate physiological groups of
microorganisms in rhizospheric area. Root
secretions of plants specifically affect both the
development of root zone microorganisms
and their activity. Plants biomass is also the
source of organic matter in the soil [9-11].
The objective of our research was to
study the orientation and intensity of
microbiological processes in drained peat
soils at their use in crop rotations compared
with long-term meadows.
Materials and methods. The study
was conducted during 1986-2006 on marshy
area “Chemerne” of Sarny scientific and
research station for the development of
marshland of the Institute of Water Problems
and Land Reclamation of NAAS. 11 schemes
of the most effective in the conditions of
Woodlands nine-field arable and fodder crop
rotations, the structure of cropping areas,
cultivation and fertilization systems, aimed to
preserve peat soils were studied in the
stationary experiment. Recommended
amounts of fertilizers for drained peat soils
were applied under crops at the rate of
R30-60K90-150. The results were compared with
the area of natural long-term meadows where
intensive anthropogenic interference was not
conducted. The level of groundwater in the
experiment ranged under perennial grass in
April at the rate of 40 cm, in September – 105
cm, under cultivated grass – 30 and 80 cm,
under grain crops – 30 and 90 cm
respectively. In some years groundwater level
decreased to 120 cm.
Technologies and research methods
generally accepted in soil science, forage
manufacture and agrochemical practice were
used in the experiment. Biological activity of
soil was determined by the intensity of cloth
applications decomposition within 60-day
period in the layer of 0-30 cm; nitrate
nitrogen – by Grandval-Lajoux with the use
of phenoldisulfonic acid; ammonia nitrogen –
in 1N potassium chloride with Nessler
reagent.
Statistical data processing was
performed by analysis-of-variance method by
Dospiekhov (1985) using MS Excel 2003 and
«Statistics».
So, the ecological state of drained peat
soils is determined by the level of soil biota
activity, which in turn depends on the way of
management. Introduction of grain-grass crop
rotations on peat soils with the share of
perennial grasses at the rate of 66-77%
contributes to relatively high microbiological
activity of ploughed layer, organic matter
preservation, fully meets crops requirements
of mineral forms of nitrogen that mostly
approximates the functioning of agro-
ecosystems to their natural counterparts.
Intensive use of peat soils in tilled crop
rotation leads to excessive microbiological
activity and rapid decomposition of organic
matter of peat deposits.
|
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| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:05:26Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
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| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/5a/e28aec6ef2661d7279bb7feb3de4135a.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-1692026-07-22T10:10:43Z INFLUENCE OF FIELD CROP ROTATIONS ON THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF PEAT SOILS БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ОСУШЕНИХ ТОРФОВИХ ГРУНТІВ У КОРМОВИХ СІВОЗМІНАХ Проневич, В. А. biological activity, peat soils, crop rotation біологічна активність, торфові ґрунти, сівозміни Introduction on drained peat soils of graingrass crop rotations had promoted relatively high microbiological activity of the plow layer, preservation of organic matter and had ensured the complete needs of cultures in mineral nitrogen. That ensures functioning of agro-ecosystems in conditions close to the natural ones. The intensive use of peat soils in tilled crop rotation leads to excessive microbiological activity and fast decomposition of the organic matter of peat deposits. Запровадження на осушених торфових ґрунтах зернотрав’яних сівозмін сприяє відносно високій мікробіологічній активності орного шару, збереженню органічної речовини, забезпечує повну потребу культур у мінеральних формах азоту, що найбільшою мірою наближує функціонування агроекосистем до їх природних аналогів. Інтенсивне використання торфових ґрунтів у просапній сівозміні призводить до надмірної мікробіологічної активності і швидкого розкладу органічної речовини торфових покладів. Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2014-06-26 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/169 10.35868/1997-3004.19.42-46 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 19 (2014): Agriciltural microbiology; 42-46 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 19 (2014): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 42-46 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.19 en uk https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/169/221 https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/169/222 Авторське право (c) 2014 V. A. Pronevych https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | біологічна активність торфові ґрунти сівозміни Проневич, В. А. БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ОСУШЕНИХ ТОРФОВИХ ГРУНТІВ У КОРМОВИХ СІВОЗМІНАХ |
| title | БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ОСУШЕНИХ ТОРФОВИХ ГРУНТІВ У КОРМОВИХ СІВОЗМІНАХ |
| title_alt | INFLUENCE OF FIELD CROP ROTATIONS ON THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF PEAT SOILS |
| title_full | БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ОСУШЕНИХ ТОРФОВИХ ГРУНТІВ У КОРМОВИХ СІВОЗМІНАХ |
| title_fullStr | БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ОСУШЕНИХ ТОРФОВИХ ГРУНТІВ У КОРМОВИХ СІВОЗМІНАХ |
| title_full_unstemmed | БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ОСУШЕНИХ ТОРФОВИХ ГРУНТІВ У КОРМОВИХ СІВОЗМІНАХ |
| title_short | БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ОСУШЕНИХ ТОРФОВИХ ГРУНТІВ У КОРМОВИХ СІВОЗМІНАХ |
| title_sort | біологічна активність осушених торфових грунтів у кормових сівозмінах |
| topic | біологічна активність торфові ґрунти сівозміни |
| topic_facet | biological activity peat soils crop rotation біологічна активність торфові ґрунти сівозміни |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/169 |
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