ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ МІКРОБНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОЩУВАННІ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПОЛІССЯ
The paper presents the results of lyzimetric and field studies on the impact of microbial preparations Microhumin and Polymyxobacteryn combined with mineral fertilizers on the productivity of sugar sorghum in Polissya region. It was shown that the pre-sowing seeds bacterization had increase crops yi...
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| Дата: | 2014 |
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| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська Українська |
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Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine
2014
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871465678210334720 |
|---|---|
| author | Горбаченко, Н. І. |
| author_facet | Горбаченко, Н. І. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "Н. І. Горбаченко",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
}
] |
| author_sort | Горбаченко, Н. І. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:44Z |
| description | The paper presents the results of lyzimetric and field studies on the impact of microbial preparations Microhumin and Polymyxobacteryn combined with mineral fertilizers on the productivity of sugar sorghum in Polissya region. It was shown that the pre-sowing seeds bacterization had increase crops yields by 5 – 9% and increased output of ethanol by 0.3 t/ha. Application of biological preparations had ensured less reduction of water-soluble humic substances by 28 – 32%, nitrogen (nitrate) – by 11 – 15%, calcium – by 7%, magnesium – by 8 – 15%. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.18.39-50 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:24:19Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
THE EFFICIENCY OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS AT SUGAR
SORGHUM CULTIVATION IN POLISSYA REGION
Gorbachenko N. I.
Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agroindustrial production NAAS,
97, Shevchenko str., Chernihiv, 14027, Ukraine
The paper presents the results of lyzimetric and field studies on the impact of
microbial preparations Microhumin and Polymyxobacteryn combined with mineral
fertilizers on the productivity of sugar sorghum in Polissya region. It was shown that
the pre-sowing seeds bacterization had increase crops yields by 5 – 9% and increased
output of ethanol by 0.3 t/ha. Application of biological preparations had ensured less
reduction of water-soluble humic substances by 28 – 32%, nitrogen (nitrate) – by 11 –
15%, calcium – by 7%, magnesium – by 8 – 15%.
Keywords: microbial preparations, sugar sorghum, bioethanol, lizymetr.
Nowadays, a growing shortage of petroleum products, their high costs and
environmental degradation encourage the search for alternative sources of clean
energy. The use plants accumulated energy as a result of photosynthetic activity in the
form of bioethanol is highly perspective. Global amounts of its production during the
last decade have increased more than in three times. Bioethanol is used mainly as fuel
mixtures to increase its octane number. Addition of 10% ethanol to the gasoline
allows to reduce aerosolic emissions by 50% and emissions of carbon monoxide (CO)
by 30%
According to the Law of Ukraine "About alternative fuel" with amendments
from 19.06.12 the gradual increase in the proportion of regulatory specified
production and use of biofuels and blended fuels is anticipated. Since 2014, the 5%
share of ethanol in gasoline is mandatory and should rise to 7% in 2016. In order to
implement the provisions of this Law, taking into the account the internal use of
gasoline at the level of 4.5 million tons per year the annual production of bioethanol
should be over 300 thousand tons. In this regard, the search of promising raw material
for its production is important.
A valuable source of raw materials for bioethanol production is sugar crops
(sugar beet, sugar sorghum, chicory, etc.). The most effective sugar crop for Ukraine
for ethanol production is sugar beets. More than 5 thousand liters of bioethanol can be
received from 1 hectare of sugar beets. Sugar sorghum is also effective and
promising crop in the Ukraine. 90 – 100 t/ha of biomass of sugar sorghum can be
harvested from 1 hectare with sugar content of the juice up to 20%.
Soil and climatic conditions in Ukraine is quite favorable for growing of sugar
sorghum [1, 2]. Nevertheless, the farming techniques and growing technology for
energy production from plants biomass, despite the prospects are still at the early
stage of their development [3]. Taking into the account the great impact of microbial
preparations on optimization of root nutrition conditions, plant growth and
development [4, 5], we have oriented our research towards the development of
agroecological bases of cultivation technology of sugar sorghum and use of microbial
preparations in Polissia region for the bioethanol production.
Materials and methods. The studies were performed in stationary lyzimetric
conditions and in field experiments in the Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and
agroindustrial production NAAS during 2011 – 2013. Area of lyzimeter cells is 3.8
m2, area of field plots – 40 m2. Threefold experiments repetition was used. Seeding
rate of sorghum – 300 thousands / ha. Harvesting was performed during three stages
tasseling (at maximum regrowth), wax ripeness and full ripeness.
Lysimeter experiments were performed on sod-podzolic sandy loam soils with
the following agrochemical characteristics of the arable layer: humus (by Tyurin) –
1.1%, pH 5.0, hydrolytic acidity (by Kappen) – 2.5 mEq. 100 g, P2O5 content (by
Kirsanov) – 17.0 mg per 100 g, K2O (by Maslov) – 6.2 mg per 100 g soil.
Agrochemical characteristics of arable soil and subsoil layers on experimental plots in
field experiment are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Agrochemical characteristics of meadow gley sandy soil
Index Soil layer, cm
0-20 20-40
Humus, % 3,2 2,7
Easily hydrolysable nitrogen, mg per 100 g of soil
(at experiment lay out) 6,3 3,1
Mobile phosphorous, mg Р2О5 per 100 g of soil 6,9 6,7
Exchangeable potassium, mg К2О per 100 of soil 7,0 3,2
рН (salt) 6,9 6,6
Sum of absorbed bases, mg-eqv. per 100 g of soil 6,4 5,1
Hydrolytic acidity, mg-eqv. per 100 g of soil 1,3 1,5
Pre-sowing bacterization of sorghum seeds was carried out in accordance with
the recommendations of the preparations manufacturer [6].
Microhumin – complex preparation, includes bacterial components
(Azospirillum bacteria) and vermicompost extract containing the physiologically
active substance (TU 24.1-00497360-007:2009). It increases the activity of
associative nitrogen fixation, facilitates the phosphorous mobilization in soil,
stimulates growth and development of plants. Microhumin is used for pre-sowing
seeds inoculation or planting material.
Polymyxobacteryn – microbial preparation with Paenibacillus polymyxa KB
(TU 24.1-00497360-004:2009). Biological agent of the preparation produces complex
naturally occurring growth regulators, organic acids and phosphatase that promotes
dissolution of hardly soluble mineral and organic phosphates in soil.
The study was conducted as on the following scheme:
1. N90P90K90 (control);
2. N70P90K90 + Microhumin
3. N90P70K90 + Polymyxobacteryn.
Reduction of mineral nitrogen does was performed in variant with Microhumin
(from 90 to 70 kg/ha). In variant with Polymyxobacteryn application the dose of
phosphorus was reduced from 90 to 70 kg/ha, stipulated by the equivalence of
microbial preparations impact to the certain quantities of these nutrients [5].
In lyzimeter experiment, in addition to the options stated above two more
options were included to the experimental design – fallow and grasses in order to
compare the runoff intensity options. That was used to study water regime type and
losses of nutrients and humic substances beyond the root zone. The filtrate was
analyzed by conventional method of Arinushkinf E.N. [7]. Agrochemical soil
analysis was performed using Peterburskiy A.V. methods [8].
The assimilation surface area of plants and crop productivity were determined
in field experiment [9]. Harvest accounting method – continuous per each plot,
experimental data was processed using the variance analysis method [10].
Results and discussion. As the result of lyzimeter research the degree of
nutrients migration from soil water runoff beyond the root zone of soil. The
periodical wash-type water regime was studied during the study period. Infiltration
was observed during the autumn-winter and spring-summer periods. For sugar
sorghum plants infiltration was higher relatively to the fallow grasses by 15.2 – 7.7
mm and lower by 10.6 – 3.1 mm comparing to the black fallow. Nutrients were also
washed with the moisture beyond the root layer of sugar sorghum plant (Table 2).
It was shown that biological preparations had ensured reduction of humic
substances losses on 28 – 32%, 11 – 15% of nitrates, calcium – 7%, magnesium – 8 –
15%, which indicates the feasibility of decreasing at the sod-podzolic type of soils the
dose of active ingredient of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers (20 – 30 kg/ha) under
the application of biological preparations.
Reduction of nutrients leaching intensity is possibly associated with the
increased rate of their removal with harvest and temporary bounding with increased
root system of bacteryzed plants which was had previously been shown in our
research studies.
Determination of plants assimilation surface in field experiments in dynamics
had shown its increase under the influence of microbial preparations (Table 3).
Seeds treatment with microbial preparations ensures the increase of leaves
surface area on 1.3 – 2.2 thousand m2. The highest rate of net photosynthesis
productivity of 3.59 g / m2 / day of sugar sorghum plants was observed in the variant
with pre-sowing seeds treatment with Polymyxobacteryn. The highest photosynthetic
potential 3.25 (million m2/ha) x days was also observed in the variant with
Polymyxobacteryn.
Table 2. Loss of humic substances and nutrients at sugar sorghum crops
depending on various fertilization systems, kg/ha
Variants Moisture,
мм
Water
soluble
humus
NO3 P2O5 K2O CаО MgО
Black fallow 56,1 10,3 89,2 20,5 4,2 26,4 14,2
Grass fallow 37,8 6,7 0,9 0,9 1,9 45,7 10,9
N90P90K90 – control 48,4 24,1 36,0 6,1 7,1 64,3 22,4
N70P90K90 +
Microhumin 41,6 18,8 31,2 6,0 5,2 60,0 20,8
N90P70K90 +
Polymyxobacteryn 40,9 18,2 32,5 6,0 6,0 59,2 19,4
Table 3. Photosynthetic activity of sugar sorghum plants depending on various
fertilization systems
Variants Leaf
surface
area, thsnd
m2/ha
Pure
photosynthetic
productivity,
g/m2 per day
Photosynthetic
potential, (mln
m2/ha) х days
Тривалість
вегетаційного
періоду, днів
N90P90K90 – control 50,93 3,48 4,07 139
N70P90K90 +
Microhumin
52,23 3,27 3,25 138
N90P70K90 +
Polymyxobacteryn
53,13 3,52 3,58 141
According to the research data the biomass growth had continued till the wax
ripeness stage of sugar sorghum plants. The use of biological preparations had
ensured additional 5.3 – 6.2 t/ha of biomass, or 5.8% increase compared to the control
values (on N90P90K90
background) (Table 4).
Data shown in table 5 indicates that dry matter of sugar sorghum had increased
throughout the growing season. The highest yield of dry matter at biomass harvesting
was obtained in the phase of full ripeness – from 12.6 to 13.9 t/ha. The impact of
studied preparations on dry matter accumulation was similar to the biomass yield
values.
Sugar content in above ground mass while crop maturing had increased and
depended on the harvesting terms and was highest at full ripeness stage (Table 6). The
reduction of sugar content in the biomass of inoculated plants during the first studied
stage and its subsequent increase during the next stages of crop ripening was
observed. The maximum sugar content was obtained during the biomass harvesting in
the phase of full plants ripeness.
Table 4. Biomass yield of sugar sorghum plants under the influence of microbial
preparations, t/ha
Variants
Harvesting terms
Tasseling +
regrowth Wax ripeness Full ripeness
t/ha increm
ent, % t/ha increme
nt, % t/ha increme
nt, %
N90P90K90 – control 74,3 - 64,4 - 64,7 -
N70P90K90 + Microhumin 78,3 5 69,8 8 70,0 8
N90P70K90 +
Polymyxobacteryn 78,8 6 67,6 5 67,7 5
LSD05 2,7 2,8 3,0
Table 5. Dry matter yield of sugar sorghum depending on harvesting terms, t/ha
Variants
Harvesting terms
Tasseling +
regrowth Wax ripeness Full ripeness
t/ha increme
nt, % t/ha t/ha
incre
ment,
%
t/ha
N90P90K90 – control 14,1 - 12,4 - 12,6 -
N70P90K90 + Microhumin 15,0 6 13,4 8 13,7 9
N90P70K90 +
Polymyxobacteryn 15,4 9 13,1 6 13,2 5
LSD05 0,5 0,9 1,3
Table 6. The sugar content in the stems of sugar sorghum depending on the
harvesting terms and action of biological preparations
Variants
Harvesting terms
Tasseling +
regrowth Wax ripeness Full ripeness
Sugar
conten
t, %
Sugar
harvest
, t/ha
Sugar
conten
t, %
Sugar
harvest
, t/ha
Sugar
conten
t, %
Sugar
harves
t, t/ha
N90P90K90 – control 14,0 5,32 16,02 5,15 17,07 5,55
N70P90K90 + Microhumin 14,5 5,11 16,08 5,61 17,12 6,11
N90P70K90 +
Polymyxobacteryn 14.5 5,14 16,10 5,44 17,17 5,98
LSD05 0,40 0,46 0,65
Higher bioethanol yield was obtained at sugar sorghum harvesting in the full
ripeness stage and was within the 4.2 t/ha – 4.5 t/ha range (Table 7).
Table 7. Bioethanol output from sugar sorghum juice depending on the harvesting
terms and action of biological preparations
Variants
Harvesting terms
Tasseling +
regrowth
Tasseling +
regrowth
Tasseling +
regrowth
Bioethanol
output
Bioethanol
output
Bioethanol
output
kg/t t/ha kg/t t/ha kg/t t/ha
N90P90K90 – control 115 3,8 128 4,1 129 4,2
N70P90K90 +
Microhumin 117 4,1 129 4,5 129 4,5
N90P70K90 +
Polymyxobacteryn 117 4,2 129 4,4 129 4,5
Seeds treatment with microbial preparations had ensured bioethanol output
increase by 0.3 t/ha.
Summary analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the use of
microbial preparations in cultivation technology of sugar sorghum it was determined
that the use of biological preparations had improved economic and energy
performance of sorghum production (Table 8).
It was established that the technology costs are increased slightly by 88.4
UAH/ha at use of biopreparations, which at first place is associated with biomass
accumulation. However, the effect of advanced cultivation technology per unit was
19.1 UAH/t.
Using advanced technology increases crop profitability by 31%, profit – by
2191.6 UAH/ha and energy efficiency ratio – by 3.5 units.
Consequently, the studies performed had demonstrated the feasibility of
microbial preparations Microhumin and Polymyxobacteryn at cultivation of sugar
sorghum in Polissya region for the bioethanol production. The use of mineral
fertilizers combined with the application of microbial preparations had provided the
highest effect and enhanced use of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus,
from the soil. It has been proved that at seeds inoculation with Polymyxobacteryn the
assimilation system of plants had the highest photosynthetic activity – 3.58 (mln.
m2/ha) x days, which is 16% more than in control. Filtration mode under the sugar
sorghum plants was higher as compared to the fallow grasses and lower in
comparison to the black fallow. Biological preparations had reduced losses of humic
substances by 28 – 32%, nitrogen (nitrate) – by 15 – 11%, calcium – by 7%,
magnesium – by 8 – 15%, which indicates the feasibility of nitrogen and phosphate
fertilizer dose reduction by 20 – 30 kg of active ingredient under the use of biological
preparations.
Table 8. Economic and energy efficiency of growing sugar sorghum for bioethanol
production under the different fertilization systems
Indices Technology Improvement
effect, ± Existent Advanced
Biomass yield, t/ha 64,7 79,9 15,2
Juice sugar content, % 16,1 17,3 1,2
Bioethanol output, t/ha 3,8 4,6 0,8
Dry matter output, t/ha 14,1 17,4 3,3
Production costs:
per area unit, UAH/ha
per output unit, UAH/t
6885,8
106,4
6974,2
87,3
-88,4
19,1
Income from output sales, UAH/ha 9705 11985 2190
Profit, UAH/ha 2819,2 5010,8 2191,6
Profitability, % 40,9 71,8 30,9
Energy output, GJ/ha 307,4 379,3 71,9
Energy costs:
per area unit, GJ/ha
per output unit, GJ/t
15,8
0,24
16,5
0,21
0,7
0,03
Energy efficiency ratio 19,5 23,0 3,5
|
| id | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-182 |
| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:05:51Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/43/ec4aa7a91b5d0e93546dd8a4ec2a8843.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-1822026-07-22T10:10:44Z THE EFFICIENCY OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS AT SUGAR SORGHUM CULTIVATION IN POLISSYA REGION ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ МІКРОБНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОЩУВАННІ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПОЛІССЯ Горбаченко, Н. І. microbial preparations, sugar sorghum, bioethanol, lizymetr мікробні препарати, сорго цукрове, біоетанол, лізиметри The paper presents the results of lyzimetric and field studies on the impact of microbial preparations Microhumin and Polymyxobacteryn combined with mineral fertilizers on the productivity of sugar sorghum in Polissya region. It was shown that the pre-sowing seeds bacterization had increase crops yields by 5 – 9% and increased output of ethanol by 0.3 t/ha. Application of biological preparations had ensured less reduction of water-soluble humic substances by 28 – 32%, nitrogen (nitrate) – by 11 – 15%, calcium – by 7%, magnesium – by 8 – 15%. Наведено результати лізиметричних та польових досліджень впливу мікробних препаратів Мікрогуміну та Поліміксобактерину в поєднанні з мінеральними добривами на продуктивність сорго цукрового в зоні Полісся. Урожайність культури за передпосівної бактеризації насіння зростає на 5–9 %, вихід біоетанолу збільшується на 0,3 т/га. Застосування біопрепаратів сприяло зменшенню втрат водорозчинних гумусових речовин на 28–32 %, азоту (нітратів) — на 11–15 %, кальцію — на 7 %, магнію — 8–15 %. Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2014-03-31 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/182 10.35868/1997-3004.18.39-50 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 18 (2014): Agriciltural microbiology; 39-50 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 18 (2014): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 39-50 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.18 en uk https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/182/245 https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/182/246 Авторське право (c) 2014 N. I. Gorbachenko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | мікробні препарати сорго цукрове біоетанол лізиметри Горбаченко, Н. І. ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ МІКРОБНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОЩУВАННІ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПОЛІССЯ |
| title | ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ МІКРОБНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОЩУВАННІ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПОЛІССЯ |
| title_alt | THE EFFICIENCY OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS AT SUGAR SORGHUM CULTIVATION IN POLISSYA REGION |
| title_full | ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ МІКРОБНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОЩУВАННІ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПОЛІССЯ |
| title_fullStr | ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ МІКРОБНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОЩУВАННІ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПОЛІССЯ |
| title_full_unstemmed | ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ МІКРОБНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОЩУВАННІ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПОЛІССЯ |
| title_short | ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ МІКРОБНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ПРИ ВИРОЩУВАННІ СОРГО ЦУКРОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПОЛІССЯ |
| title_sort | ефективність мікробних препаратів при вирощуванні сорго цукрового в умовах полісся |
| topic | мікробні препарати сорго цукрове біоетанол лізиметри |
| topic_facet | microbial preparations sugar sorghum bioethanol lizymetr мікробні препарати сорго цукрове біоетанол лізиметри |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/182 |
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